The effects of the geothermal gradient on amino acid racemization

The “second region” of the kinetic curve for the racemization (epimerization) of isoleucine in foraminifera is defined from previously published data corrected for the thermal history experienced by the samples. These kinetic parameters are applied to racemization data from Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 332A and 333 from the Deep Drill Valley, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and Site 148 from the Aves Ridge, in order to determine whether there are any observable effects due to the geothermal gradient. The data for Site 148 clearly show an increase of temperature with depth. The data for the two sites of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge do not show this clear relationship. When bottom water temperature variations are taken into consideration, the effects of the geothermal gradient become apparent. Since the degree of racemization is dependent upon both age and temperature, a knowledge of the age of a sample places constraints upon its thermal history, and hence on the heat flow at the location since deposition of the sample. The crude heat flow models thus developed are compatible with present geologic and geophysical information. It appears probable that detailed heat flow models may be developed by improving analytical precision.     

Decomposition of hydroxy amino acids in foraminiferal tests; kinetics,mechanism and geochronological implications

The diagenesis of the hydroxy amino acids serine and threonine in foraminiferal tests has been investigated. The decomposition pathways of these amino acids are complex; the principal reactions appear to be dehydration, aldol cleavage and decarboxylation. Stereochemical studies indicate that the α-amino-n-butyric acid (ABA) detected in foraminiferal tests is the end product of threonine dehydration pathway. Decomposition of serine and threonine in foraminiferal tests from two well-dated Caribbean deep-sea cores, P6304-8 and -9, has been found to follow irreversible first-order kinetics. Three empirical equations were derived for the disappearance of serine and threonine and the appearance of ABA. These equations can be used as a new geochronological method for dating foraminiferal tests from other deep-sea sediments. Preliminary results suggest that ages deduced from the ABA kinetics equation are most reliable because “species effect” and contamination problems are not important for this nonbiological amino acid. Because of the variable serine and threonine contents of modern foraminiferal species, it is likely that the accurate age estimates can be obtained from the serine and threonine decomposition equations only if a homogeneous species assemblage or single species sample isolated from mixed natural assemblages is used.     

通二矿高应力软岩的变形力学机制及支护对策

本文对通二矿高应力软岩的变形力学机制进行了分析和研究，并据此提出了相应的支护力学对策。     

铀有机地球化学研究进展

与负矿有密切关系的有机质主要是腐殖酸（HAS），富里酸（FAS），微生物及细菌，腐殖酸与铀酰存在着强烈的吸附，络合及还原关系。微生物和细菌在铀矿形成过程中也起到很微妙的作用。在研究手段上包括试验，计算，热解分析，X－线分析，烈变径迹分析，电子探针，红外光谱，紫外光谱，荧光光谱，顺磁共振，色谱质谱联用的方法。     

X射线荧光光谱分析技术在过程分析中的应用

X射线荧光光谱(XRF)分析作为过程分析化学中一门富有成效的分析技术,在现场分析、流程控制中发挥了积极的作用。文章评述了XRF分析在冶金、地质、采矿、选矿等方面的应用概况以及在国内此领域的发展。     

广西北海湾COD与水文生物要素及不同形态氮磷的关系

本文探讨了北海深COD值的分布特征及其与水文，生物要素及不同形态氮，磷含量的关系，结果表明；河流输入对本湾COD值的影响突出表现在春、夏季、冬季最小，秋季则以沿岸排废，排污影响为主，水文要素对COD值的分布起主导控制作用，生物化学作用仅占次要地位；春、夏、冬三个季度月COD值与氮含量的相关性较为显著，秋季则与磷含量的相关性较为显著。     

泥质岩膨胀势判断及其破坏机理分析

应用曲永新提出的不规则岩块干燥饱和吸水率判别法和成岩胶结系数指标法,对山西某一煤矿巷道中泥质岩的膨胀性进行综合判定,其属于非膨胀性泥质岩。并对巷道中岩样的矿物组成成分进行分析,岩石中石英和铁矿的含量较多,且分布极不均匀,所含粘土矿物主要为高岭石。最后,从岩石的矿物组成、结构构造、节理面及微节理面的特征以及岩石在受压力时裂隙的扩张情况等角度,综合分析得出泥质岩以脆性破坏为主。     

吐哈盆地粘土矿物特征及其与铀成矿关系

吐哈盆地是我国主要砂岩铀矿区之一,对盆地内粘土矿物特征进行的X射线衍射能谱仪(EDS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析证实:区内粘土矿物中蒙皂石基本为二八面体的蒙脱石,蒙脱石呈丝状、片状,分布于颗粒表面,在扫描电镜下,蒙脱石的集合体常呈花朵状、蜂巢状等形态,或充填于颗粒之间,高岭石集合体形态多样,主要有蠕虫状和风琴状集合体.伊利石集合体在电镜下常呈不规则片状,常平行于颗粒表面呈鳞片状排列或贴附于颗粒表面.从粘土矿物吸附铀的能力来看,氧化带岩石要远大于过渡带矿石.粘土矿物的吸附作用在过渡带铀的沉淀过程中并不起明显作用.     

铀有机地球化学研究进展

与铀矿有密切关系的有机质主要是腐殖酸(HAs)、富里酸(FAs)、微生物及细菌.腐殖酸与铀酰存在着强烈的吸附、络合及还原作用关系.微生物和细菌在铀矿形成过程中也起到很微妙的作用.在研究手段上包括试验、计算、热解分析、X射线分析、裂变径迹分析、电子探针、红外光谱、紫外光谱、荧光光谱、顺磁共振、色谱质谱联用等方法.     

汾河流域地貌发育对构造运动和气候变化的响应

Tectonic movements and climate changes are two main controllers on the development of landfrorm.In order to reconstruct the history of the evolution of the landform in the Fenhe drainage basin during middle-late Quaternary comprehensively,this paper has provided a variety of geomorphological and geologic evidences to discuss how tetonic movements and climate changes worked together to influence the landform processes,According to the features of the lacustrine and alluvial terraces in this drainage basin,it is deduced that it was the three tectonic uplifts that resulted in the three great lake-regressions with an extent of about 40-60 m and the formation of the three lacustrine terraces.The times when the tectonic uplifts took place are 0.76 MaBP,0.55 MaBP and 0.13 MaBP respectively,synchronous with the formation of paleosol units S8,S5 and S1 respectively.During the intervals between two tectonic uplifts when tectonic movement was very weak ,climate changes played a major role in the evolution of the paleolakes and caused frequent fluctuations of lake levels.The changes of the features of lacustrine sediment in the grabens show the extent of such fluctuations of lake level is about 2-3m.