Relative effect method of landslide susceptibility zonation in weathered granite soil: a case study in Deokjeok-ri Creek,South Korea

The objective of this study was to produce and evaluate a landslide susceptibility map for weathered granite soils in Deokjeok-ri Creek, South Korea. The relative effect (RE) method was used to determine the relationship between landslide causative factors (CFs) and landslide occurrence. To determine the effect of CFs on landslides, data layers of aspect, elevation, slope, internal relief, curvature, distance to drainage, drainage density, stream power index, sediment transport index, topographic wetness index, soil drainage character, soil type, soil depth, forest type, timber age, and geology were analyzed in a geographical information system (GIS) environment. A GIS-based landslide inventory map of 748 landslide locations was prepared using data from previous reports, aerial photographic interpretation, and extensive field work. A RE model was generated from a training set consisting of 673 randomly selected landslides in the inventory map, with the remaining 75 landslides used for validation of the susceptibility map. The results of the analysis were verified using the landslide location data. According to the analysis, the RE model had a success rate of 86.3 % and a predictive accuracy of 88.6 %. The validation results showed satisfactory agreement between the susceptibility map and the existing data on landslide locations. The results of this study can therefore be used to mitigate landslide-induced hazards and to plan land use.     

Influence of Pore Fluid Chemistry on the Mechanical Properties of Clay-Based Materials

The producers of nuclear waste, within all countries exploring options, including Canada, have determined the long-term solution to be a deep geological repository. In the Canadian concept, within the deep geologic repository a number of clay-based barriers will separate the containers from the surrounding geosphere. Following placement the surrounding groundwater will infiltrate into the repository. In order to analyze the performance of the repository under very complex conditions, accurate material properties are required. The chemistry of the host rock is an important aspect as the behaviour of clay-based barrier materials could be affected by the saturating saline groundwater. This paper investigates the saturated mechanical behaviour of light backfill (composed of 50 % silica sand and 50 % Na-bentonite clay) and dense backfill (composed of 70 % crushed granite, 25 % glacial lake clay and 5 % Na-bentonite clay) and the quantifying the effect of pore fluid chemistry on the strength and compressibility behaviour of the materials. The results indicate that light backfill behaviour is strongly influenced by its pore fluid chemistry while dense backfill shows limited effects. The material parameters of light backfill and dense backfill are interpreted for input into numerical simulations. These results and interpretation enrich the understanding of the mechanical response of light and dense backfill, two components of the sealing system of the Canadian deep geologic repository.     

改革开放以来中国西南边境地区制度与产业协同演化研究——以云南勐腊为例北大核心CSCDCSSCI

边境地区发展是新时期人文地理学研究的热门议题,其产业演化深受地缘政治、国家和区域政策、本地发展、跨境交流等多元要素影响。本文在借鉴演化经济地理中制度演化相关概念的基础上,构建了开放发展视角下边境地区制度与产业协同演化的分析框架,并运用该分析框架剖析了边境地区制度与产业演化的动态过程、行为主体逻辑和开放发展的演化过程。本文选取了中老边境门户城市——云南西双版纳的勐腊作为案例区域,揭示了其不同阶段开放导向下制度与产业协同演化的四个模式,即层叠、转化、转变和替代。随着“一带一路”的不断推进,深化开放导向下的“制度转化”与“良性层叠”将进一步强化勐腊在中国中南半岛经济走廊的合作节点地位。这种双向开放导向下的边境地区多重制度与产业协同演化路径模式,有助于深化和丰富边境地区、区域产业演化的理论和实证研究。     

贵州省务正道地区沉积型铝土矿床合理勘探网度的探讨——以务川大竹园铝土矿床为例

本文以务川大竹园铝土矿床为例,用100× 100 m和200× 100 m钻探工程网度分别与200×200 m钻探工程网度进行对比,对其矿体厚度、矿体形态、主要化学成份含量及资源量变化进行分析对比,100× 100 m或200× 100 m工程网度都能更好地控制矿体形态、厚度、空间位置和矿石质量.勘探网度放稀圈定矿体更为合理,达到了事半功倍的效果.因此,对务正道地区沉积型的铝土矿床勘探,不能机械地套用勘探工程网度,应根据规范合理加密工程控制,从而满足矿山开采设计和生产的要求.     

山门金银矿床重砂异常特征及找矿意义

本文通过对山门金银矿床自然重砂矿物的系统研究,揭示了山门金银矿床自然重砂异常的分布特征,优选出具有重要找矿指示作用的重砂矿物,并确定标型矿物组合,结合地质特征建立山门金银矿床的自然重砂找矿模式,为找矿预测提供重要依据。     

A review of the Study of Hydrogen Peroxide in Seawater

Hydrogen peroxide can oxidize or reduce a number of biological important trance metals in seawater. Therefore, it can indirectly affect the marine ecosystem by causing the changes in the speciation of these metals. The results of researches about hydrogen peroxide in seawater in the last more than thirty years were reviewed and the direction of study in the further was proposed in this paper. Hydrogen peroxide can be found rather ubiquitously in the upper water at concentration of 0~102 nmol/L. In water column the maximum of the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide presents in surface water and the concentrations decrease with the increase of depth. In general, the concentrations in costal seawater are higher than these in the oligotrophic ocean. Diel variation of hydrogen peroxide occurs in seawater: the concentrations increase since sunup until the mixmum of afternoon and decrease until the minimum at drawn. The sources of hydrogen peroxide in marine environment include photochemical production, atmospheric deposition and biological production, and the photochemical production is primary among them. The sinks of hydrogen peroxide in the ocean consist of biological and chemical and photochemical decomposition and the main one is biological decomposition. The biogeochemistry of hydrogen peroxide in the continental shelf influenced by river water and factors affecting photochemical production and detail of decomposition should be studied in the future.     

塔东铁矿床成矿规律新认识

塔东铁矿是我省大型铁矿床,伴生有S、P、V、Co等有益元素。塔东铁矿为海底火山喷发沉积—变质铁矿类型。本文详细介绍了该矿床地质特征、成矿时代和阶段,进一步分析了矿床成因。总结其成矿规律,将对进一步寻找塔东式铁矿有着客观的指导意义。     

南阳凹陷张店油田核二段储层物性特征及控制因素分析研究

张店油田核桃园纽核二段储层主要属于金华-张店三角洲前缘分流河道和河口坝砂体。样品物性分析研究表明：该储层属中低孔、低渗储层。其物性主要受地层水特征、岩石相类型、成因砂体和沉积相带,如颗粒粒度,分选及杂基含量等因素控制。地层水中Ca2＋、HCO3-离子增加表明碳酸盐岩溶解形成次生孔隙带,核二段储层河口砂坝物性好于分流河道砂体,以块状含砾砂岩相物性最好,其次为板状和小型槽状交错层理砂岩相,砂纹层理粉砂岩相物性较差。颗粒粒度越大、分选越接近1、碳酸盐含量越少越有利储层物性。     

Why did the copepod Calanus sinicus increase during the 1990s in the Yellow Sea?

Recent field and retrospective data were combined to investigate variations from 1984 to 1998 in the spring abundance of dominant copepods in the Yellow Sea. A calanoid copepod, Calanus sinicus, was chosen to assess the long-term changes in abundance associated with temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a and predator abundance. Average anomalies of sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and the abundance of C. sinicus were positive in the 1990s and negative in the 1980s. The average abundances of C. sinicus in the study area in the 1990s were also significantly higher than those in the 1980s (p<0.01). Catches of the anchovy Engraulis japonicus, a predator of C. sinicus, showed a decreasing trend during the study period. The higher abundances of C. sinicus in the 1990s may have been affected by an increase in water temperature and a decrease in predators, without distinctive changes in chlorophyll-a concentrations during the study period.