Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(D-In SAR) has been widely used to measure surface deformation over the Tibetan Plateau. However, the accuracy and applicability of the D-In SAR method are not well estimated due to the lack of in-situ validation. In this paper, we mapped the seasonal and long-term displacement of Tanggula(TGL) and Liangdaohe(LDH) permafrost regions with a stack of Sentinel-1 acquisitions using the Small Baseline Subset In SAR(SBAS-In SAR) method. In the TGL region, with its dry soils and sparse vegetation, the In SAR-derived surface-deformation trend was consistent with ground-based leveling results; long-term changes of the active layer showed a settlement rate of around 1 to 3 mm/a due to the melting of ground ice, indicating a degrading permafrost in this area. Around half of the deformation was picked up on monitoring, in contrast with in-situ measurements in LDH, implying that the D-In SAR method remarkably underestimated the surface-deformation. This phenomenon may be induced by the large soil-water content, high vegetation coverage, or a combination of these two factors in this region. This study demonstrates that surface deformation could be mapped accurately for a specific region with Sentinel-1 C-band data, such as in the TGL region.Moreover, although the D-In SAR technology provides an efficient solution for broad surface-deformation monitoring in permafrost regions, it shows a poor performance in the region with high soil-water content and dense vegetation coverage. 相似文献
Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Disease in clams frequently occurred over the last decade and has become a serious threat to the clam aquaculture industry and natural stocks. Mass clam... 相似文献
Recent observations provide strong evidence for the BL Lac object OJ287 exhibiting a 11.6±0.5 yr periodicity with a double-peaked
maxima in its optical flux variations. Several models have been proposed for the optical behavior. The 2005 November outburst
in OJ287 gives us a surprising result since calculation based on the periodicity was predicting such an outburst in late 2006.
Here we suggest a new model, it can not only explain the optical quasi-periodic behavior, but also the radio flares behavior
which is and simultaneous with the optical flares. We propose that OJ287 is a binary pair of super-massive black holes, both
of them creating a jet. The quasi-periodic double peaks would be due to the relativistic beaming effect on the emission coming
from the double helix jets. We used “core flares” to explain the large lags between light curves at different frequencies,
and the assumption of two jets appear to be merged with each other partly in the radio frequency emitting regions provides
a viable interpretation that we can see only a broad maximum which contains two radio flares that we cannot distinguish. 相似文献