Tremendous change of the earth surface system and tectonic setting of salt-lake formation in Yuncheng Basin since 7.1 Ma

The Yuncheng salt lake has formed under the setting of stepped subsidence of fault-blocks from the north to the south in Yuncheng Basin. In the phase of red clay accumulation during 7.1-3.6 Ma, the size of palaeo-lake was larger than the present salt lake, and palaeo-monsoon had formed. At 3.6 Ma, the northern basement in the basin raised abruptly due to the radiative effect of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau uplifting, and palaeo-lake was contracting southwards. At ca. 2.6 Ma ancient river flowed into the northern part of the basin. During ca. 2.0-1.9 Ma aerolian effect strengthened and loess started to accumulate on the most part of the basin. Since ca. 1.8-1.0 Ma the subsidence of the lake fault-block has been speeding up abruptly. As under the natural hydrogradient the salt lake received enough groundwater supply, and the rate of loess accumulation in the lake area was lower than that of subsidence of the lake fault-block, the lake could be preserved and becomes the only modern lake on Chinese Loess Plateau. Four large strengthening change records of the monsoon were found in the lake sequence of 5.8-1.9 Ma B.P.     

安徽合肥盆地东北部白垩纪层序地层学分析

运用层序地层学理论和工作方法 ,对合肥盆地东北部白垩纪陆相地层各类沉积建造的沉积环境、沉积相和陆相沉积体系域进行了分析 ,根据红层盆地的沉积物充填序列、基本层序 ,将白垩纪断 (坳 )陷盆地充填沉积序列中划分为 4个层序 ,在层序地层学分析基础上 ,并根据岩石地层单元和沉积体系在时空上的展布特征 ,初步建立了红盆地层格架。     

南京汤山“白垩纪古溶洞岩层”的年代和成因新认识

一些研究者将南京汤山葫芦洞的形成时代上溯到了白垩纪 ,认为洞内所见的红色、黄色岩层可与宁镇地区白垩纪的地层单元 ,如赤山组、葛村组或浦口组对比 ,是与赤山组同期异相的洞穴沉积物。通过对这套岩层在洞内外的产出状况、与围岩接触关系的进一步观察 ,并结合岩石学微相、重矿物、硼当量以及碳同位素的分析结果 ,它们的时代应是奥陶纪 ,由于受燕山期的构造和岩浆活动的影响 ,因而与汤山一带常见的奥陶纪地层在产状和岩性上有所差别 ,蚀变的程度也有所不同 ,局部较深的蚀变作用使原岩铁化或硅化     

辽西朝阳地区含鸟化石层附近侏罗—白垩系磁性地层研究

本文通过对辽西朝阳地区含鸟化石层附近侏罗-白垩系蓝旗组、土城子组、义县组地层共1252块古地磁样吕的测试与分析，建立了以上沉积地层的磁极性序列，发现蓝旗组、土城子组地层的磁极性序列具有频繁的正、反极性、而义县组则为单一正极性，结合现有古生物和同位素年龄资料，对比国际中生代地磁极性年表，表明土城子组的磁极性序列相当于提塘期、基末里期、牛津期和卡洛期，其主体的地质时代应属晚侏罗世（J3），土城子组底部的地质时代应属中侏罗世（J2)；并且根据义县组含鸟化石层以上层位的磁性地层研究结果，认为义县组含鸟化石的正极性带可与M16正极性时相对应，义县组含鸟类化石层的时代应属早白垩世早期，辽西白垩系/侏罗系界线很有可能位于义县组/土城子组之间。     

砂井软土地基大变形非线性固结分析的虚拟时间法

本文提出了虚拟时间概念，克服了太沙基等人理论与方法的局限性，提出了砂井软土地基大变形非线性固结分析方法。     

7级大震和中强震的前兆异常有本质区别吗?

据震前次一等地震活动增强、空区和条带等地震活动图像，以及各学科前兆异常持续时间和空间分布等方面，比较了7级经震和中强震的前兆异常特征，结论是没有质的区别，但在量上有明显的差异。中分别对7级强震前5级、6级地震活动增强，和6级地震前4级、5级地震活动增强，选择了时空阈值和预报规则，进行了预报评分检验，得到了肯定的结论。     

综合地球物理方法在高放废物处置场址特性评价中的应用

本介绍了地球物理方法在我国高放废物处置库场址特性评价中的作用，即查明研究区内断裂的位置，宽度，倾向，倾角及其含水性和确定预选区内花岗岩底板的埋深，此项研究成果显示了该方法在我国干旱地区的深部地质环境及水资源分布研究中的有利应用前景。     

商圈惠顾行为的空间衰减：幂律模式还是指数模式

以上海市商业中心为例,基于匿名手机信令数据,运用引力模型对商圈惠顾行为的衰减模式及其系数进行了验证与对比。结果表明,① 对于商圈惠顾行为,最常用的2种距离衰减函数均具有较高的拟合优度,幂律函数稍优于指数函数;② 总体来看,距离仍是影响城市居民商圈惠顾行为的关键因素,距离衰减效应呈现出随商业中心等级增大而减弱的梯度特征,幂律型衰减系数取值1~3不等,采用既定系数1或2会过高/低估计商圈辐射能力;③ 不可忽视闲暇时间对商圈惠顾行为的约束作用,与周末相比,工作日的距离衰减系数较大,且商业中心等级越低,商圈惠顾行为的衰减性越显著。     

Climate change and multi-dimensional sustainable urbanization

Global large-scale urbanization and climate change have become indisputable scientific facts yet are unresolved issues, and are a common concern for mankind. The relationship between these two topics is unclear and it is not known how to deal appropriately at the scientific level with climate change in the process of urbanization. Further exploration of the science, management and practice, are needed to achieve global and regional sustainadevelopment. This paper first considers the basic facts concerning mass urbanization and climate change and summarizes the interactions and possible mechanisms of urbanization and climate change. Urbanization leads to the heat island effect, an uneven distribution of precipitation and extreme weather, together with a local-regional-global multi-scale superposition effect, which aggravates the consequences of global climate change. The impact of climate change on urbanization is mainly manifested in aspects such as changes of energy consumption, mortality, and the spread of infectious diseases, sea level rise, extreme weather damage to infrastructure, and water shortages. This paper also briefly reviews relevant international research programs and action coalitions and puts forward an analysis framework multi-dimensional sustainable urbanization which can adapt to and mitigate climate change, from the perspective of the four key dimensions—population, land use, economy, and society. It is imperative that we strengthen the interdisciplinary activities involving the natural and social sciences, take urbanization and other human activities into consideration of the land-atmosphere system, and explore the human-land-atmosphere coupling process. The adaptation and mitigation from the perspective of human activities, as represented by urbanization, might be the most critical and realistic way to deal with climate change.