长江入海口打击非法捕捞政策系统的协调性研究

长江流域禁捕为全局计、为子孙谋,但在禁捕后却存在非法捕捞的问题,尤其在渔业资源较为丰富的长江入海口处尤为严重,阻碍政策目标的实现。基于现实层面的矛盾,文章选取24份国家层面、30份地方层面有关长江入海口“打击非法捕捞”的政策文本,对政策系统的协调性进行分析与评价。结果表明：长江入海口打击非法捕捞政策系统协调性较好,但存在部分不协调问题。文章创新性提出政策系统协调性整合框架,从公共政策视角为长江入海口非法捕捞问题的治理提供优化方向。     

海参花营养成分分析及其提取物对人卵巢癌细胞雌二醇分泌的影响

海参花是雌海参的性腺,在海参加工过程中常被作为下脚料,但它含有丰富的营养成分和多种活性因子,本研究检测了海参花的一般营养物质、元素含量以及氨基酸组成,同时,研究了海参花水提取物和乙醇提取物对人卵巢癌OVCAR 3细胞增殖以及对其雌二醇分泌的影响。结果表明,海参花含水量为86.63%,粗蛋白、粗脂质和粗多糖（干重）占比分别为65.06%、14.82%和1.93%。共检测出17种氨基酸,总氨基酸含量为519.09 mg/kg。其中,必需氨基酸含量为197.04 mg/kg。海参花还含有多种对人体有益的元素。海参花提取物对人卵巢癌OVCAR 3细胞的增殖有明显的抑制作用,海参花水提取物、乙醇提取物均可提高细胞培养液上清液中雌二醇的含量,其中乙醇提取物可显著提高上清液中雌二醇的含量（P<0.01）。以上表明,海参花的营养丰富,其提取物能显著促进人卵巢癌OVCAR 3细胞雌二醇的分泌调节,因此具有很高的开发利用价值。     

一种基于PPNet的地震直达P波到时拾取方法

针对现有地震直达P波到时拾取网络精度低、误差大等问题,结合UNet++编码、解码器,融入特征过滤器设计一种具有地震震相特征分析与融合能力的轻量级P波到时拾取网络PPNet,实现对地震P波的高精度、低误差拾取。首先,该网络在编码器模块采用大卷积核、低通道数的卷积层,对输入的地震信号进行深度特征提取;其次,在解码器模块的特征还原过程中加入特征融合机制,补全特征信息,避免序列特征污染问题;最后,仅对编码器后三个下采样模块添加特征过滤器,深入挖掘特征序列,通过细化P波到时特征,提升到时拾取精度。实验结果表明,提出的网络在0.1 s、0.2 s、0.3 s误差阈值下P波拾取率分别为80.73%、94.01%、97.81%,平均绝对误差0.078 s,均方误差0.021,与现有P波拾取传统方法和深度学习算法相比性能更优。     

Giant plagioclase growth during storage of basaltic magma in Emeishan Large Igneous Province,SW China

Giant plagioclase basalts (GPBs) reflect the storage of flood basalt magma in subvolcanic magma chambers at crustal depths. In this study of the Late Permian Emeishan large igneous province in southwest China, we focus on understanding the plumbing system and ascent of large-volume basaltic magma. We report a quantitative textural analysis and bulk-rock geochemical composition of clustered touching crystals (CT-type) and single isolated crystal (SI-type) GPB samples from 5- to 240-m-thick flows in the Daqiao section. Both types of GPBs are evolved (<6 MgO wt%), but have high Ti/Y ratios (>500) and high total FeO content (11.5–15.2 wt%). The mineral chemistry of the two types of plagioclase displays a small range of anorthite content (<5 mol%), which is consistent with their unzoned characteristics. The two types of GPBs have S-type crystal size distributions but have quite different slopes, intercepts, and characteristic lengths. The characteristic lengths of the five flows are 1.54, 2.99, 1.70, 3.22, and 1.86 mm, respectively. For plagioclase growth rates of 10^?11 to 10^?10 mm/s, steady-state magma chamber models with simple continuous crystal growth suggest that CT-type plagioclase megacrysts have the residence time of about 500–6,000 years, whereas the residence time for SI-type plagioclase is significantly longer, about 1,000–10,000 years. By combining field geology, quantitative textural data with geochemistry, we suggest that CT- and SI-type crystals grew and were coarsened in the outer part and inner part of a magma chamber, respectively. Magma evolution during storage is controlled by crystallization, crystal growth, and magma mixing, and pulsating eruptions occur in response to the continuous supply of hot magma.     

Earthquake damage and loss estimation with Geographic Information System

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The MJO in an AGCM with three different cumulus parameterization schemes

The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is simulated using an AGCM with three different cumulus parameterization schemes: a moist convective adjustment (MCA) scheme, the Zhang–McFarlane (ZM) mass-flux scheme, and the Tiedtke scheme. Results show that the simulated MJO is highly dependent on the cumulus parameterization used. Among the three cumulus parameterizations, only the MCA scheme produces MJO features similar to observations, including the reasonable spatial distribution, intraseasonal time scales and eastward propagation. Meanwhile, the amplitude is too large and the eastward propagation speed too fast than observations and the relationship between precipitation and low-level wind anomaly is unrealistic with enhanced convection occurring within easterly anomalies instead of westerly anomalies as in observations. The over-dependence of precipitation on boundary convergence produced by the MCA scheme is presumably responsible for this unrealistic phase relation in the simulation. The other two schemes produce very poor simulations of the MJO: spectral power of westward propagation is larger than that of eastward propagation in zonal wind and precipitation, indicating a westward propagation of the intraseasonal variability.The mean state and vertical profile of diabatic heating are perhaps responsible for the differences in these simulations. The MCA scheme produces relatively realistic climate background. When either ZM or Tiedtke scheme is used, the observed extension of westerly winds from the western Pacific to the dateline is missing and precipitation over the equatorial region and SPCZ is dramatically underestimated. In addition, diabatic heating produced by both ZM and Tiedtke schemes are very weak and nearly uniform with height. The heating profile produced by the MCA scheme has a middle-heavy structure with much larger magnitude than those produced by the other two schemes. In addition, a very unrealistic boundary layer heating maximum produced by the MCA scheme induces too strong surface convergence, which perhaps contributes to the too strong intraseasonal variability in the simulation.     

Lu-Hf同位素体系对若干基础地质问题的新制约(之一)--地球早期演化

Ｌｕ－Ｈｆ同位素方法已趋成熟,主要得益于其化学方法的极大改进和与之配套的高电离率质谱仪的使用。Ｌｕ－Ｈｆ同位素方法在地球的早期性质研究中表明,部分古太古代片麻岩Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素体系所记录的早期地幔的“极度”亏损,实际是对其同位素体系热扰动的反映;关于大陆地壳的生长模式,石英岩锆石Ｌｕ－Ｈｆ同位素特征支持了幕式增生的观点     

江西永平铜矿下盘网脉状矿化的流体包裹体研究

永平块状硫化物矿床下盘脉状矿化的流体包裹体的温度介于220—400℃,原始流体盐度5．1～9．3wt．％NaCl。第一阶段脉状矿化形成于较低的温度范围（集中于220～320℃）,此后流体温度逐渐升高,形成了第二阶段脉状矿化（240—400℃）,最后流体温度稍微降低形成了第三阶段脉状矿化（290～370℃）。在演化过程中流体盐度也发生变化。形成第一脉状矿化时流体盐度较高（为6～9wt．％NaCl）。第二阶段脉状矿化时流体盐度变化不大（5．1～9．1wt％NaCl）,但该阶段流体明显发生过沸腾作用,造成了端员组分的流体盐度分别为1．2～3．3wt％NaCl和41．2～45．5wt％NaCl。第三阶段矿化脉的形成时,流体的盐度有所降低（3．5～7．9wt％NaCl）,也可见到局部的沸腾作用。三阶段脉状矿化脉石英流体包裹体的Cl^-和SO4^2的含量从第一阶段到第二阶段明显增高,到第三阶段降低;Na^＋、K^＋从第一阶段到第二阶段明显增高,到第三阶段有所降低。三阶段脉状矿化中的流体包裹体中均含有微量的二氧化碳（CO2）、硫化氢（H2S）和氮气（N2）等挥发组分,其中第二阶段脉状矿化中的挥发份相对其它两阶段脉较为富集。     

赤峰—朝阳地区金矿控矿因素及找矿方向探讨

赤峰-朝阳地区金矿可分为金厂沟梁式、安家营子式和柴胡栏子式,金矿体均受断裂构造的直接控制.区域太古宙变质岩的潜在含金性、多期次多成因花岗岩类的活动、长期活动的断裂系统是金矿集中区的主要控制因素.     

Experimental study on mechanical characteristics of sandstone containing arc fissures

Arc fissure is one of the basic forms of defective rock, where the expansion and evolution mechanism plays an important role in the stability of engineering rock mass under the external load action. Uniaxial compression experiments of sandstone samples that contained various angles of arc fissures (sandstone sample was 80 mm?×?160 mm?×?30 mm) were performed in order to investigate the effect that arc angle α had on the mechanical properties, the failure mode, and the fracture evolution process of sandstone. The results showed that when arc angle α was increased, the peak strength and the strain of the sandstone samples initially decreased before increasing and the minimum peak strength and strain were reached when α?=?15°. The deterioration of the bearing capacity and the number of cracks that appeared during the sandstone loading process decreased as the arc angle of the fissure increased. The arc fissure destruction was primarily initiated from the fragile area of the arch tip. The tensile cracks appeared on the fissure tip and non-tip as the axial force increased. The various arc angle α played an important role in the initiation stress and the rupture evolution of the specimen.