辐照绿柱石的色心与赋色机制

在不同辐照剂量的带电粒子作用下，四川无色绿柱石因赋色而呈现浅蓝色，蓝绿色，黄绿色，浅黄色及橙黄色，紫外可见吸收光谱（UV－VIS）和阴极发光光谱（CLS）研究表明，辐照绿柱石中存在两组与赋色密切相关的色心组合，其一为相对稳定的[Fe^3 ]OH和[Fe^3 4]心，其二则为不稳定的[H^0]i心和F^ 心，二者对可见光的能量分别具有不同程度的选择性吸收和发射，由此产生特征的吸收与发射光谱。低温退火处理（210℃），有助于消除辐照绿柱石中不稳定的色心，使相对稳定的[Fe^3 ]OH心黉度再度聚集，并形成新的缺陷（二次缺陷），进而提高稳定色心的主波长和饱和度。研究证实，二次缺陷形成的初始温度，可近似代表辐照绿柱石的最佳热固色温度点，经辐照与热固色作用而形成的黄色，橙黄色绿柱石的颜色相对稳定，并不因长期日照或低温受热（＜280℃）而褪色。     

Group Time Delay in the Reflection of P-Polarized Electromagnetic Plane Waves at a Stratigraphic Interface

The group time delay (GTD) formulae of quasi-total reflection of inhomogeneous P-polarized electromagnetic waves (P-PEW, whose electric field parallels to the plane of incidence), caused by the Goos–Hänchen effect, is derived by the phase shift of the wave. A numerical example where the frequency equals to 1 GHz is given. The curves of calculating results show that there are three discontinuous points at the critical angle of phase shift vector, the critical angle of attenuation vector and 90^○. When the angle of incidence is equal to one of these three angles, the GTD will become infinite, and the electromagnetic wave will propagate along the interface. The GTD will be very large, when the angle of incidence is close to one of these three angles. The results indicate that there is an important relationship between the two critical angles and the conductivity and permittivity of the two strata, and that the GTD has an important relationship with the angle of incidence. These results can be used to determine the lithology of the strata and to delimit the interfaces of strata more effectively. It is suggested that this research may prove useful in electromagnetic logging analysis and, perhaps, in the design of logging instruments.     

海洋微藻高度不饱和脂肪酸的研究 I.几种常用海洋微藻的脂类和脂肪酸組成

高度不饱和脂肪酸,特别是20:5(EPA)和22:6(DHA)等n-3系列高度不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)对人类的生长发育和健康有重要的作用,具有降血脂、降血压、抗血栓、防止血小板凝聚,降低胆固醇等作用,可以用于治疗心脑血管疾病,还能抑制某些肿瘤的发生,降低其生长速度(Simopoulos et al.,1991)。DHA是人类大脑和视网膜正常发育必不可少的物质,能改善脑机能、提高智力和记忆力(Simopoulos et al.,1991; Carlson et al.,1991),目前尤其受到人们的重视;EPA和DHA也是海洋鱼类及甲壳类动物幼体生长发育所必需的营养要素,近年来在水产养殖中也受到特别重视。 海洋微藻具有合成EPA和DHA等n3-PUFA的奇特能力,其它海洋生物,包括鱼类中的EPA和DHA大都通过食物链从藻类积蓄而来(齐藤洋昭,1993),而且藻油没有鱼腥味,很少含胆固醇,因此海洋微藻是EPA和DHA的另一种重要的来源;海洋微藻又是海洋水产动物育苗中非常重要的生物饵料,其EPA和DHA的含量是衡量其营养价值的非常重要的指标,因此海洋微藻中高度不饱和脂肪酸的研究和开发近年来受到了极大的重视,成了研究的热门。 本文报道了我国沿海水产养殖中几种常用微藻的脂类和高度不饱和脂肪酸的组成和含量,为海洋微藻的开发利用提供了基础资料。     

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Quantitative Assessment of Impacts of Regional Climate and Human Activities on Saline-alkali Land Changes： A Case Study of Qian＇an County, Jilin Province

Interdecadal and interannual variations of saline-alkali land area in Qian’an County, Jilin Province, China were comprehensively analyzed in this paper by means of satellite remote sensing interpretation, field flux observations and regional climate diagnosis. The results show that on the interannual scale, the impact of climate factors accounts for 71.6% of the total variation of the saline-alkali land area, and that of human activities accounts for 28.4%. Therefore the impact of climate factors is obviously greater than that of human activities. On the interdecadal scale, the impact of climate factors on the increase of the saline-alkali land area accounts for 43.2%, and that of human activities accounts for 56.8%. The impact of human activities on the variation of saline-alkali land area is very clear on the interdecadal scale, and the negative impact of human activities on the environment should not be negligible. Besides, changes in the area of heavy saline-alkali land have some indication for development of saline-alkali land in Qian’an County.     

Evaluation of the Madden–Julian oscillation in HiRAM

The aim of this study was to understand the cause of Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) bias in the High Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM) driven by observed SST through process-oriented diagnosis. Wavenumber-frequency power spectrum and composite analyses indicate that HiRAM underestimates the spectral amplitude over the MJO band and mainly produces non-propagating rather than eastward-propagating intraseasonal rainfall anomalies, as observed. Column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) budget analysis is conducted to understand the MJO propagation bias in the simulation. It is found that the bias is due to the lack of a zonally asymmetric distribution of the MSE tendency anomaly in respect to the MJO convective center, which is mainly attributable to the bias in vertical MSE advection and surface turbulent flux. Further analysis suggests that it is the unrealistic simulation of MJO vertical circulation anomalies in the upper troposphere as well as overestimation of the Rossby wave response that results in the bias.摘要本研究评估了高分辨率大气环流模式HiRAM模拟的MJO. 结果表明, HiRAM模拟的MJO东传很弱. 我们通过计算整层积分的湿静力能 (MSE) 收支来诊断MJO东传模拟偏差的原因. 结果发现, MSE倾向相对于MJO对流中心的纬向非对称分布很弱是导致东传模拟偏弱的原因, 这主要是由MSE垂直平流和地表湍流通量的模拟偏差造成的. 进一步研究表明, 对流层上层MJO垂直环流结构的模拟偏差和MJO对流西侧的Rossby波环流偏强共同导致了模式的偏差. 本研究中指出的MJO传播模拟偏差的原因与之前基于多模式结果的结论不同, 这意味着要想了解特定模式的模拟偏差, 有必要对该模式进行具体分析.     

洛阳地区太阳能资源分析与评估

根据1981—2010年郑州辐射站太阳辐射和日照资料、洛阳地区9个气象观测站日照资料,采用气候学计算、线性趋势分析等方法和资源丰富程度、利用价值、稳定程度等指标,对洛阳地区太阳能资源进行了计算、分析和评估。结果表明:洛阳地区多年平均总辐射为4842.4MJ·m-2·a-1,总体呈显著减少趋势,减少速率为每年1.4MJ·m-2。夏季辐射丰富,冬季偏少,夏季总辐射量是冬季的2倍;月平均总辐射5月最多(569.7MJ·m-2),12月最少(241.9MJ·m-2);年总辐射孟津最高,为4922.8MJ·m-2·a-1,宜阳最少,为4681.1MJ·m-2·a-1。多年平均日照时数为2064.7h,总体呈显著减少趋势。春季日照时数多,冬季少,春季日照时数比冬季多33.37%;月平均日照时数5月最多(217.3h),2月最少(138.2h);年日照时数孟津最多(2144.9h),宜阳最少(1909.2h)。洛阳各地属太阳能资源丰富区,利用价值较高,各月日照时数6h的天数为9.8~18.1天,全年为162.7~185.3天;太阳能资源也比较稳定,月最大日照时数12月6h的天数为16.9天,是月最小日照时数7月的1.48倍,12月至次年1月不利于太阳能利用。     

新疆东天山突出山铜铁矿床地球化学特征与地质意义

突出山铜铁矿床是东天山雅满苏石炭纪弧前-岛弧带中代表性的铁多金属矿床, 矿体呈透镜状、脉状、似层状赋存于上石炭统底坎尔组下亚组火山岩中。矽卡岩阶段包裹体均一温度为151℃~>380℃, 盐度为1.91%~23.18% NaCl_eq, 密度为0.76~1.09 g/cm³, 热液硫化物阶段包裹体均一温度为101℃~280℃, 盐度为0.35%~23.05% NaCl_eq, 密度为0.74~1.13 g/cm³, 表明成矿流体属于中-高温、中-低盐度、中-低密度的NaCl-H₂O体系。(绿泥石)绿帘石矽卡岩、磁铁矿(镜铁矿)矿石、含磁铁矿灰岩的稀土配分模式均为轻稀土相对富集的右倾型(LREE/HREE=2.85~9.21), 以出现负铕异常(δEu=0.22~1.09)和铈异常不发育为特征, 与底坎尔组火山岩相似, 表明成矿物质来源于底坎尔组火山岩。矿区矽卡岩可能是火山热液交代碳酸盐岩形成的, 成矿条件为中-高温、较为宽广的氧化还原环境, 矿床成因属火山热液交代型。     

银行网点的选址分析

银行网点选址需要考虑很多因素,如现有的地理位置、与居民区的距离关系等,综合考虑这些因素对确定银行的位置具有重要的影响。合理的银行空间位置布局,有利于市民的工作和生活。利用ArcGIS中空间分析相关功能,可解决实际银行选址问题。分析表明,该方法具有较好的实用价值。     

孤山川流域岩土侵蚀及防治对策探讨

孤山川属黄河一级支流,全长79.4 km,流域面积1272 km2.流域内地貌为沙盖黄土丘陵沟壑、黄土丘陵沟壑,基岩沟谷丘陵与河流阶地等,岩土侵蚀类型有五:一是风力侵蚀-风沙侵蚀;二是降雨对谷坡面的面状冲刷-坡面侵蚀;三是地表径流对谷底的侧蚀-沟谷侵蚀;四是滑塌对谷坡坡体的破坏-重力侵蚀;五是人力侵蚀.本文根据上述侵蚀类型提出了不同的防治对策.