Fracture plane control in rock blasting

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Developing land use scenario dynamics model by the integration of system dynamics model and cellular automata model

Models of land use change are useful tools for un-derstanding the analysis of the cause and conse-quences of land use changes, assessing the impacts of land use system on ecological system and supporting land use planning and policy[1,2]. Modeling land use scenario changes and its potential impacts on the structure and function of the ecosystem in the typical regions are regarded as one of the good ways to un-derstand the interactive mechanism between land use system and ecological system[3―10…     

莱州湾地区500年来旱涝灾害指数系列的建立

作者根据《山东省历代自然灾害志》的记载，应用Foxpro提供的软件，建立了莱州湾地区500年来旱涝灾害的汉字库，并通过一系列转换，将其转为数字库；将旱涝灾情的文字记我转换为区域旱涝指数，并与现代降水资料相对接，建立了1470－1990年共521年的历年逐季旱涝灾害指数序列，为分析该地区旱涝灾害发生规律和预测提供了依据。     

基于船只尾迹遥感特征的航向提取方法研究

为解决单景遥感图像上航行船只航向的自动提取问题,研究了船只尾迹遥感特征和基于尾迹遥感特征的提取方法.对海上航行船只尾迹的形态特征和统计特征研究表明,湍流尾迹在遥感图像上出现概率高且特征稳定,其图像表现以条带状特征为主.考虑到湍流尾迹的线性特性,采用Randon变换算法进行了可以表征航向的尾迹提取.通过对10幅尾迹图像提...     

Evaluating the Performances of GAMIL1.0 and GAMIL2.0 during TWP-ICE with CAPT

CAPT(Climate Change Prediction Program and Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program(CCPP-ARM) Parameterization Testbed) has been a valuable tool to assess climate models in recent years,and the Tropical Warm Pool-International Cloud Experiment(TWP-ICE) has collected comprehensive measurements to verify its physical parameterizations.The present study evaluates the performances of the two GAMIL(grid-point atmospheric model of IAP LASG) versions during TWP-ICE using CAPT.The results indicate that GAMIL2.0 reproduced better shifts of clouds and rainfall during three distinct monsoon phases than GAMIL1.0,although both of them simulated the large-scale dynamical states well,which are mainly attributable to the different convective parameterizations.     

离子刻蚀全息光栅的研究

利用国产的光刻胶和国产离子刻蚀机在蒸镀的铝基衬底上进行刻蚀全息光栅,在国内是一项较新的技术。本文介绍和论述了该试验工作的工艺过程、参数计算和测试方法,得出了试验结果和参数计算值基本吻合的结论,并指出了进一步改善质量的方向。     

相对局部区域震源参数随机不确定性经验关系研究

在进行未来破坏性地震的强地面运动数值模拟时,震源参数选取的准确性对地震动预测的结果影响很大。震源参数的确定存在很多不确定性因素,既包含随机的不确定性因素,又包含认知的不确定性因素。本文在大量地震事件及文献调研的基础上,运用统计学方法对具备随机不确定性特征的震源参数进行统计研究,以震源参数经验公式的形态建立解释其随机性和不确定性的数学模型。为了研究局部地区震源参数的定标关系特征,获得更加适用于局部地震密集区域,尤其是包含中国大陆地区在内的局部区域的震源参数的经验关系,本文从GCMT地震目录中选取了1 700多个M_W≥5.5的地震事件,运用统计学方法研究地震密集地区的震源参数经验关系,包括震级、地震矩、破裂面积等,增加了相对较大的局部范围内凹凸体的地震样本数量,从统计学角度计算更加适合局部区域的震源参数的经验关系。统计结果表明:局部区域震例获得的震源参数的经验关系与不限区域震例获得的经验关系存在差异,尤其是涉及到断层破裂面积、凹凸体相关参数时差异较大,局部区域内震例获得的震源参数的经验关系将更具有代表性。应用本文获得的相对局部区域的经验公式计算未来破坏性地震的强地面运动所需的震源参数时,获得的地震动预测结果将更能体现目标区域真实的地震动特征,进而提高地震动预测结果的可靠性。      

自然构造分离面与饰面板石材的自然块度

本文运用构造地质学中有关节理裂隙、层理和断层等构造面的概念,论述了饰面板石材矿床的地质研究与评价方法,并指出岩石的自然块度、自然块度分级及其计算方法是该项研究的重要内容。此外,该文还论述了矿床开采阶段中各种自然构造分离面的合理应用。     

原子吸收法测定矿石中的锂铷铯

本文研究了锂、铷、铯三元素在丙酮有机溶剂中的行为,测定条件,干扰离子的影响及消除,使灵敏度分别比在水相中提高为2.5—3.5倍。方法灵敏度高,干扰少,测定范围为0～5PPM,适用于矿石中微量锂、铷、铯三元素同时测定。     

Geochemical studies of U,Th, Ra,40K in seciments of the China Sea and adjacent sea area,and lower reaches of several Chinese Rivers

Geochemical studies of the U, Th, Ra, and⁴⁰K in surface sediments of the China Sea and adjacent sea areas, the lower reaches of the Huanghe and Changjiang Rivers and the estuaries of the Zhujiang and Rongjiang Rivers were carried out with a model 8180-4K multichannel Ge(Li)γ spectrometer in 1981–1985. The mean values of U, Ra, Th,⁴⁰K are about 2.11 ppm, 7.67×10⁻¹³g/g, 11.00 ppm, and 2.33 ppm respectively, in the China Sea, the Okinawa Trough, and the Changjiang and Huanghe River estuaries. The distribution of the four isotopes is uniform in the above zone. The contents of U and Th in the sediments of the Zhujiang and Rongjiang Rivers and the Fujian coast are 1–4 times higher than those of the above zone and are related to the granite and radioactive ore present in the upper reaches of these rivers or the adjacent mountains. The distributions of U, Th, Ra, and⁴⁰K are related to the physico-chemical property, redox state, geological type and grain size of the sediment, and biotic activity. Contribution No. 1408, Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Qingdao.