Revisiting the Relationship Between Urbanization and Economic Development in China Since the Reform and Opening-up

The relationship between urbanization and economic development has become a hot topic in the scientific community due to its great practical significance,and economic and social value.However,this relationship continues to change dynamically.In the new stage of urbanization,it is urgent to reveal the causal relationship quantitatively and diagnose the future direction systematically.Based on this,this paper calculates the contribution rate of China’s urbanization to economic development from 1978 to 2019 and uses the panel data cointegration test method to explore the causal relationship between urbanization and economic development in China.The study has three principal results.First,the contribution rate of urbanization to economic growth has maintained the overall growth trend from1978 to 2019,but the growth rate of urbanization’s contribution to economic growth has been relatively low since 2012.It is an important reason that the real estate sector has moved into a new stage of transformation.Second,the cointegration test shows that economic development is a significant factor in advancing urbanization and the urbanization is the product of economic development.Urbanization has a positive feedback effect on economic development,but this effect does not pass the 5%significance level test.The impulse response function shows that the impact of urbanization on economic development is relatively small and stable,indicating that it is limited that the boost of economic development by land-centered urbanization.Third,China’s urbanization and economic development have both shown rapid growth for some time,but their relationship is still the low level of coordination,which has also led to a downward trend in the contribution of new-type,people-oriented urbanization to economic growth in recent years.In the future,China’s urbanization and economy need to maintain relatively medium-low speed growth in the medium-long term,and we should boost the coordinated development of urbanization and economy from low level to high level.     

深海无人系统大长径比环肋圆柱壳结构设计与试验研究

环肋圆柱壳是深海无人系统广泛采用的一种耐压结构形式,保障其结构安全是系统研制过程中非常重要的一环。针对环肋圆柱壳的结构特征推导了组合结构重量关系式和结构参数简化估算方法,并以一种超长型深海无人系统耐压结构为例,围绕大长径比环肋圆柱壳的结构形式、设计计算、仿真分析、模型验证等开展研究。研究表明提出的大长径比环肋圆柱壳结构设计参数简化估算方法具有较好的适应性。相关计算和分析结果可以为该型深海无人系统结构设计提供技术支撑,也可以为其他类似耐压结构设计提供参考。     

The Ulva prolifera genome reveals the mechanism of green tides

The genome of green microalgae has rarely been reported. Ulva prolifera is a green microalga that has received much attention. Despite research articles about U...     

塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷下白垩统烃源岩有机地球化学特征

塔木察格盆地的塔南凹陷油气资源丰富,具有很大的勘探开发潜力。塔南凹陷发育多套烃源岩（包括铜钵庙组、南屯组一段和二段、大磨拐河组）,针对各套烃源岩基本特征及形成条件的研究较为薄弱。本次收集了大量研究区烃源岩的有机地球化学数据,对塔南凹陷各套烃源岩的基本特征、有机质来源和沉积环境开展了详细研究。结果表明,塔南凹陷烃源岩的有机质丰度较高,以好烃源岩和优质烃源岩为主;铜钵庙组和南一段的有机质类型以Ⅱ1型为主,南二段和大磨拐河组以Ⅱ2型和Ⅲ型为主;有机质总体处于低成熟—成熟阶段;烃源岩中的有机质为低等水生生物和陆源高等植物的混合来源;烃源岩沉积时期的水体为淡水且总体处于弱还原—弱氧化的环境,其中南屯组沉积时期比铜钵庙组和大磨拐河组沉积时期的水体环境要更偏氧化一些。     

地球磁层顶磁场重联的动力学过程

用三维可压缩MHD数值模拟研究了在磁场重联过程中电子压力梯度项的效应研究结果发现在较高等离子体β,较小离子惯性尺度条件下,广义欧姆定理中压力梯度项在重联过程的作用不可忽略.在磁重联过程中,压力梯度项虽然没有明显改变磁场拓扑结构和重联速度,但它使电子和离子速度明显增大.由于在离子惯性尺度下,离子和电子运动解耦,电子是电流的主要载流子,所以场向电流也增大,并导致核心磁场明显增大.考虑到场向电流是磁层电离层耦合的一个重要因素,所以电子压力梯度项的引入加强了行星际磁场南向期间磁层电离层的耦合.电子压力梯度项还在重联区激发了波动,该波动可向重联区外传播.     

基于地质建造的西南山区成土母质分类方案——以大凉山区为例

为适应生态地质调查和评价工作对成土母质研究的要求,以四川大凉山区为例,提出基于地质建造的成土母质分类方案,即以地质构造演化和地质建造环境为依据,结合残坡积物的成因类型对成土母质进行分类。大凉山区的成土母质可划分为第四纪冲洪积物、新近纪—第四纪砂泥岩类残坡积物、侏罗纪—白垩纪泥质岩类残坡积物、三叠纪砂泥岩类残坡积物、中生代中酸性岩类残坡积物、二叠纪基性—超基性岩类残坡积物、震旦纪—三叠纪砂泥岩类残坡积物、震旦纪—三叠纪碳酸盐岩类残坡积物、元古宙中酸性岩类残坡积物、元古宙火山碎屑岩类残坡积物、元古宙基性—超基性岩类残坡积物、元古宙变质岩类残坡积物等12类。研究表明,大凉山区成土母质和土壤存在差异性,但同一成土母质上的不同土壤类型具有一定相似的地球化学特征,不同成土母质形成的同一种土壤类型存在较大的地球化学差异。因此,基于地质建造的成土母质分类方案既能有效反映不同构造背景和成岩环境下的成土母质差异,又能有效表征成土母质与其上土壤的内在联系。     

求解GM(1,1)模型新总体最小二乘算法

在GM(1,1)模型中系数矩阵和观测向量都是由原始序列组成的。系数矩阵中同样是有误差的,与观测向量中的误差一样,亦来源于原始序列,即它们误差同源。不同位置的相同元素应该有相同的改正数,采用传统总体最小二乘求解则不能达到此目的。针对这一缺陷,推导了一种新的总体最小二乘算法;并且通过算例验证了新方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于抗差估计的实时单站GPS同震速度获取方法

基于实时单站GPS载波相位历元差分测速模型,引入抗差最小二乘估计,并根据IGGⅢ方案选择合适的等价权因子来削弱小周跳和粗差对结果的影响,并采用一组静态数据和2011年日本"3.11"地震期间MIZU站的高频数据对算法进行测试。结果表明,在含有小周跳和粗差的情况下,抗差最小二乘估计能够明显改善解算速度,可以实时获取测站毫米级的同震速度。     

重力场数学拟合模型解的影响因素探究

为了提高地球重力场模型不适定方程求解的精度,该文采用谱分析方法从级数展开阶数、数据采样率及数据缺失量3个方面探索影响数学拟合效果的根本因素:从常用的三角级数及勒让德级数模型出发,引出重力场拟合模型球谐函数模型,观察在改变级数展开阶数、数据采样率及数据缺失量等情况下所对应设计矩阵谱结构的变化,并从微观上研究影响误差分配的有关因素及最小奇异值对误差的决定性作用,为探求重力场模型解不准的原因及实现更高精度的全球重力场模型的建立提供参考。     

Research on Formation Mechanisms of Hot Dry Rock Resources in China

As an important geothermal resource, hot dry rock(HDR) reserves have been studied in many countries. HDR resources in China have huge capacity and have become one of the most important resources for the potential replacement of fossil fuels. However, HDR resources are difficult to develop and utilise. Technologies for use with HDR, such as high–temperature drilling, reservoir characterisation, reservoir fracturing, microseismic monitoring and high–temperature power stations, originate from the field of oil and drilling. Addressing how to take advantage of these developed technologies is a key factor in the development of HDR reserves. Based on the thermal crustal structure in China, HDR resources can be divided into four types: high radioactive heat production, sedimentary basin, modern volcano and the inner–plate active tectonic belt. The prospective regions of HDR resources are located in South Tibet, West Yunnan, the southeast coast of China, Bohai Rim, Songliao Basin and Guanzhong Basin. The related essential technologies are relatively mature, and the prospect of HDR power generation is promising. Therefore, analysing the formation mechanisms of HDR resources and promoting the transformation of technological achievements, large–scale development and the utilisation of HDR resources can be achieved in China.