直接测定内蒙古腮林忽洞组碳酸盐岩Pb－Pb同位素年龄

碳酸盐岩Ｐｂ－Ｐｂ同位素测年是地质年代学一个新的分支,本文利用这一技术,直接测定了内蒙古地区腮林忽洞组年龄,是本区首次直接获得地质年龄,不仅为碳酸盐地区确定地质年代提供了新的方法,同时对本区地层研究提供了新的数据。本文期待引起同行讨论,使这一新方法在地质研究应用中臻于完善。     

低阻页岩电阻率主控因素研究

龙马溪组页岩是现阶段国内勘探的主要层位之一。川南扬子地区下古生界的龙马溪组气层存在低电阻率特征,仅从测井响应上很难与水层区别。为此,在现有常规测井、钻井取心、生产动态等资料的基础上,结合大量铸体薄片、QEMSCAN和X全岩衍射等岩心分析实验,对该地区低阻气层的成因机制进行了深入研究,结果表明:川南扬子地区下古生界的龙马溪组低阻气层的主控因素有3个:黏土矿物的附加导电性、过成熟有机质完全石墨化和有机质纹层分布形式。实际应用结果表明:研究区低阻气层的成因为发育的有机质纹层和有机质部分石墨化,即页岩气储层表现为低阻往往都是多种因素相互叠加、相互影响造成的,在分析时需要根据不同地区、不同层段分析相应地质、测井和岩心资料,并且需要利用上下层段对比和邻井对比等方法判断储层低阻的主控因素。     

基于变网格聚类的离群数据的研究

随着计算机技术的迅速发展,计算机在过程控制中起着越来越重要的作用,在集散控制系统中,上位机通过PCU(Process ControlUnit)传送来的数据进行分析处理而后对PCU实现参数整定、报警与管理。因此这一领域的数据挖掘方法研究具有十分重要的意义。文章将根据这一领域的特殊情况,提出一种基于变网格的聚类分析算法分析过程数据库中的离群数据,从而实现系统的预测报警功能。     

地震动力作用下土-地铁隧道模型分析

针对地铁建设中典型的马蹄形断面隧道建立比例尺为1∶20的分析模型,并采用数值分析方法研究马蹄形隧道处于单一土层及工程所处区域典型的成层土体中时的动力响应。分析结果表明,在单一土层中由于土体的约束作用,结构产生的位移以整体沉降为主,在成层土体中除产生一定的整体变形外还伴随一定的扭转变形。在两种地层情况下马蹄形地铁隧道在地震动力作用下的动力加速度响应、竖向位移均在拱顶处产生最大值,其中在单一土层中的加速度响应最大值为结构中部加速度的2.29倍。结构在顶部和侧板处所产生的动应力响应值也较大。研究表明,地震动力荷载作用下顶板、侧板均为受力较大部位,在设计和施工中应予以充分重视。     

大黄鱼倍性检测研究

于2001—2004年对人工诱导大黄鱼的不同发育阶段和不同组织进行倍性检测，胚胎眼泡期采用染色体计数法测定，鱼苗和成鱼阶段用流式细胞法，结果表明，胚胎染色体数目2n=48条为二倍体，3n=72条为三倍体．采用流式细胞法测定鱼苗和成鱼个体时，若受测样品的DNA相对含量值与已知对照组二倍体的比值约为1．5：1，其个体为三倍体；比值约为1：1，则为二倍体，无论用肌肉或尾鳍组织，皆可检测出其个体的倍性。     

Winkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励的主共振分析

研究W inkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励作用的主共振问题。应用弹性理论和Galerk in方法建立W inkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励作用的非线性动力方程。应用非线性振动的多尺度法,求得系统主共振的近似解。分析不同参数对主共振响应曲线的影响。     

Effect of electrode configuration on pH distribution and heavy metal ions migration during soil electrokinetic remediation

Generation, migration, and distribution of H⁺ and OH^? have remarkable influence on heavy metal removal from soil during electrokinetic remediation. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of electrode configuration and voltage on pH distribution and heavy metal migration, based on the preliminary exploratory experiments. In the first phase, three soil samples were used to observe the effect of electrode configuration on pH distribution. Then, three more soil samples were used to explore the effect of voltage on ion migration. Finally, three other soil samples were used to explore the effect of electrode configuration (i.e. angle CAC) on pH distribution and heavy metal migration. The results showed that the soil was divided into acid, base, and pH-jump zones and that heavy metals migrated under low pH conditions and were deposited at the pH-jump zone. Heavy metal distribution was fairly consistent with pH distribution. Under the optimal condition of $ \angle $ CAC 60º and voltage 2.33 V/cm, 4.22 mg copper and 0.51 mg zinc migrated from acid zone and deposited in pH-jump zone with 6.44 kJ energy consumption.     

样品前处理过程中多环芳烃的稳定碳同位素分馏

利用多环芳烃标准样品连续和穿插进样相结合的方式,检验了气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比质谱仪(GC-C-IRMS)测定多环芳烃单体碳同位素比值(δ13C)的稳定性和准确性,观察了测定过程中色谱柱的分离效果。结果表明,出峰面积和分离程度是影响化合物δ13C平行性的主要原因。通过多次实验,分析了样品前处理过程中多环芳烃各个化合物稳定碳同位素的分馏情况,包括凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和硅胶柱等净化过程,以及旋转蒸发和氮气吹扫等浓缩过程。实验表明,各前处理过程中样品内多环芳烃的稳定碳同位素分馏均不明显,其中硅胶柱净化过程相比GPC过程对样品中多环芳烃的δ13C影响较大,但总体上仍未超过未处理标样δ13C值的2倍标准偏差范围。旋转蒸发和氮吹过程对样品中多环芳烃的δ13C影响程度相当,都位于未处理标样δ13C值1倍标准偏差以内的水平。     

Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions in a Closed-cell and Non-homogenous MBL Stratocumulus Cloud

A closed-cell marine stratocumulus case during the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) aircraft field campaign is selected to examine the heterogeneities of cloud and drizzle microphysical properties and the aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions. The spatial and vertical variabilities of cloud and drizzle microphysics are found in two different sets of flight legs: Leg-1 and Leg-2, which are parallel and perpendicular to the cloud propagation, respectively. The cloud along Leg-2 was close to adiabatic, where cloud-droplet effective radius and liquid water content linearly increase from cloud base to cloud top with less drizzle. The cloud along Leg-1 was sub-adiabatic with lower cloud-droplet number concentration and larger cloud-droplet effective, but higher drizzle droplet number concentration, larger drizzle droplet median diameter and drizzle liquid water content. The heavier drizzle frequency and intensity on Leg-1 were enhanced by the collision-coalescence processes within cloud due to strong turbulence. The sub-cloud precipitation rate on Leg-1 was significantly higher than that along Leg-2. As a result, the sub-cloud accumulation mode aerosols and CCN on Leg-1 were depleted, but the coarse model aerosols increased. This further leads to a counter-intuitive phenomenon that the CCN is less than cloud-droplet number concentration for Leg-1. The average CCN loss rates are ?3.89 \begin{document}$\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-3}\;{\mathrm{h}}^{-1}$\end{document} and ?0.77 \begin{document}$\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-3}\;{\mathrm{h}}^{-1}$\end{document} on Leg-1 and Leg-2, respectively. The cloud and drizzle heterogeneities inside the same stratocumulus can significantly alter the sub-cloud aerosols and CCN budget. Hence it should be treated with caution in the aircraft assessment of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions.