溢油污染的渤海海冰反射光谱特征实测研究

Oil spilled on the sea ice surface in the Bohai Sea of China is studied through the field measurements of the reflectance of a simulated sea ice-oil film mixed pixel. The reflection characteristics of sea ice and oil film are also analyzed. It is found that the mixed pixel of sea ice and oil film is a linear mixed pixel. The means of extracting sea ice pixels containing oil film is presented using a double-band ratio oil-film sea-ice index(DROSI) and a normalized difference oil-film sea-ice index(NDOSI) through the analysis of the reflectance curves of the sea iceoil film pixel for different ratios of oil film. The area proportion of the oil film in the sea ice-oil film pixel can be accurately estimated by the average reflectance of the band of 1 610–1 630 nm, and the volume of the spilled oil can be further estimated. The method of the sea ice-oil film pixel extraction and the models to estimate the proportion of oil film area in the sea ice-oil film pixel can be applied to the oil spill monitoring of the ice-covered area in the Bohai Sea using multispectral or hyperspectral remote sensing images in the shortwave infrared band(1 500–1 780 nm).     

深海热液区管状蠕虫Ridgeia piscesae β型半乳糖凝集素的克隆与功能研究

Lectins are sugar-specific binding proteins or glycoproteins that play important physiological roles in cellular recognition and regulation. And they are also valuable in medicine and pharmacy. Tubeworm is the representative species around the hydrothermal vent in the deep sea. They have developed unique mechanisms to adapt to the harsh environment. In this study, a 1 092 bp c DNA, designed as rpgal, was first cloned and characterized from the tubeworm Ridgeia piscesae. Sequence analysis showed that RPGAL had low homology with the known galectin. And it had two homologous carbohydrate-recognition domains, which is the characteristic of the tandem-repeat type galectins. The RPGAL was successfully recombinant expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Analysis of biological activity revealed that RPGAL was metal ion independent and it could agglutinate all the vertebrate erythrocytes tested. It was stable at 10–50°C and p H 5–10. And the hemagglutinating activity of RPGAL was strongly inhibited by D-Lactose and lipopolysaccharide. Although RPGAL had no effect on the microorganisms tested, it showed anti-tumor activity towards He La cells and HT1080 cells, which was accomplished by apoptosis. The study demonstrated that RPGAL was a novel galectin and provided a potential candidate for therapy of anti-tumor.     

海洋功能区划生态环境目标实施效果评估研究——以山东省为例

文章设计了海洋功能区划生态环境目标实施效果评估步骤和评估方法,以山东省海洋功能区划为例,系统分析了山东海洋功能区划的生态环境目标集、目标完成情况以及山东省海洋生态环境变化,并对两者之间的关系进行对应分析,得出评估结论:(1)区划生态环境目标与海洋生态环境质量评价指标相关度高;(2)部分区划生态环境目标和海洋生态环境评价指标设置不足;(3)区划生态环境目标完成对海洋生态环境改善起到积极作用。并提出:(1)进一步加强改善作用明显的生态环境目标,增设缺失和不足的生态环境目标;(2)因地制宜,加快功能区划实施;(3)严格控制陆地排海污染源,加强海上安全作业;(4)加快海洋生态环境修复;(5)加强生态环境监测,实现数据共享等建议。     

MART算法在大气水汽层析中的应用研究

以香港连续运行参考站数据为解算实例,对MART算法进行修正,并将其应用于水汽层析方程的解算,并研究了垂直分辨率对层析结果的影响。将层析解算的结果与京士柏探空站资料反演的水汽密度进行对比分析。实验结果表明,采用修正的MART算法能够用于水汽层析的解算,层析结果与探空站资料反演的结果符合得较好,采用垂直分辨为425m更能反映出大气水汽实际分布特性。     

董家口尾水排海环境影响数值预测及排放口比选研究

采用二维平面潮流数值模拟的方法对董家口港区尾水排放口位置进行比选研究,预测4个拟选排污口分别在尾水正常排放和事故排放两种工况下各水质污染因子的环境影响范围,并结合水深、动力条件等因素最终选定最优排污口.结果表明:研究海区海流以潮流为主,潮流性质为半日潮流,潮流运动形式以往复流为主,旋转为辅,海域涨落急流向为SW—NE向,整体上西防波堤—LNG码头连线南侧海域的水动力条件较好.经数值模拟预测研究,位于西防波堤南侧的P4排污口所在海域水动力条件活跃,水深条件适宜,有利于物质扩散,且事故条件下对日照海域和日照西施舌种质资源保护区影响小,为较优尾水排放点.同时P4排污口所在海域执行三类水质标准,污水数值模拟结果显示该排污口各污染因子超三类水质标准的面积均小于0.742 km2,NS向扩散距离均小于0.34km,扩散趋势与潮流方向一致,有利于其污染物稀释扩散.本次模拟预测客观地反映了污染物排海后的浓度变化和运动规律,为尾水排海污染物进行总量控制及海洋环境开发管理规划提供了科学依据和技术保障.     

粤东横田花岗斑岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

横田花岗斑岩位于粤东田东钨锡多金属矿床的中部。以横田花岗斑岩为研究对象,开展了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学、锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成特征研究。花岗斑岩多呈岩株产出,灰白色,斑状结构,块状构造,主要由斑晶(10%)和基质(90%)组成,斑晶由斜长石、钾长石、石英、黑云母组成,杂乱分布,粒度为0.6~6mm,基质由长石、石英、黑云母组成,长石粒度为0.02~0.25mm。获得花岗斑岩锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为142±1Ma,说明岩体形成于早白垩世。主量、微量元素特征显示,花岗斑岩属于高钾钙碱性强过铝质,富集Rb、U、Nd、Hf等元素,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等,与高分异的S型花岗岩相似。花岗斑岩的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值均小于0,在t-ε_(Hf)(t)和t-(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)_i图上,所有样品点均落在球粒陨石演化线之下和华南中元古代基底演化线之上,二阶段模式年龄变化范围为1.28~1.47Ga,表明成岩物质主要来源于中元古代古老地壳变质泥岩部分熔融。     

三峡库区范家坪滑坡地表形变InSAR监测与综合分析

位于湖北省秭归县的范家坪滑坡是长江三峡库区干流上的大型岩质滑坡之一。阐述了高分辨率合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术(InSAR)监测滑坡地表形变的工作方法与技术体系,采用22景3m空间分辨率的TerraSAR-X数据,辅以人工反射体布设和GPS测量,对范家坪滑坡变形进行监测,发现滑坡处在缓慢匀速变形状态,其谭家河滑坡体的形变比木鱼包滑坡体更为强烈,形变最大处的雷达视线向形变速率达到300mm/a。通过综合分析滑坡区2012年大气降雨和长江水位资料,发现年度内范家坪滑坡变形受水位变化和大气降雨影响微弱。     

墨西哥中——新生代成矿系列和成矿带划分及其大地构造意义

墨西哥是矿产资源大国,其中产量最高的包括银、铜、铁、铅锌等。这些矿产的生成主要源于多种多样的矿床类型和各式各样的矿化类型,其中浅成低温热液型、斑岩型、矽卡岩型、IOCG(铁氧化物铜金)型是最突出的矿床类型。这些矿床的形成与北科迪勒拉山系的形成有关,体现了联合大陆长期积聚或解体的某些阶段,尤其是中新生代成矿带的空间展布特征与其形成的大地构造环境密切相关。划分的9个构造-岩浆-成矿带,分别形成3个俯冲成矿系列,即从沿海到内陆依次发育的IOCG型铁铜金成矿带→斑岩型铜钼金成矿带→浅成低温热液型银金多金属成矿带,分别代表太平洋古板块、法拉隆板块和科科斯板块向北美板块从俯冲、挤压到碰撞后伸展的板块构造岩浆成矿环境。这类俯冲边界型成矿系统的主体部分是西马德里造山带岩浆弧中的斑岩型铜钼矿成矿系统和盆岭省中的火山岩控制的浅成低温热液型银金矿成矿系统。     

Research on the fault controlling mechanism of geothermal water in Zhangzhou Basin

Fault has an important influence on the storage and movement of geothermal water. The Zhangzhou Basin is wholly located in a granodiorite rock mass. Due to the low permeability of granodiorite, faulted structure has an evident control action on the hydrothermal activity of geothermal fields. Hot springs in Zhangzhou Basin crack along Pingtan-Dongshan Fault to the northeastern direction and emerge along Fu’an-Nanjing Fault. Through measurement of the temperature of several hot springs in the Basin, we found the temperature along the northwestern direction of Zhangzhou-Tianbao Fault is high and the temperature gap between the two sides of Yangxi-Yuanshan Fault is huge; the estimation of geothermal reservoir temperature of geothermal water through quartz geothermometer indicates that the geothermal reservoir temperature of the northern area of Nanjing-Xiamen Fault is obviously higher than that of southern area. Such result indicates that Fault obviously obstructs underground heat source. Under the condition that the average geothermal gradient of the Zhangzhou Basin is set, the circulation depth of the geothermal water of the Zhangzhou Basin measured by geothermal reservoir temperature is 3 550-5 200 m and the circulation depth of the geothermal water of the north of Nanjing-Xiamen Fault is deeper than that of the South.