经纬度坐标与QTM编码的三向互化算法及其精度评价标准

在总结现有的经纬度和QTM编码转换算法的基础上，提出了基于辅助地心坐标系的经纬度坐标与QTM编码的三向互化算法，算法以三向地理格网坐标系为出发点，从三个方向递归逼近QTM地址码。同时，提出了QTM编码精度的评价标准转化误码率。实验证明，三向互化算法在保证速度和绝对精度的情况下，等积转换误码率为0。     

基于二十面体剖分格网的球面实体表达与Voronoi图生成

在分析当前球面空间数据结构的基础上，讨论了利用Snyder等积投影在二十面体上建立球面空间基础剖分方式的思路，然后在初始投影面上采用六边形格网进行层次细分，获得多分辨率的全球铺盖。提出了基于六边形格网的三叶节点管理与瓦片编码的基本思路，确立了球面不同实体的六边形格网表达模式。在此基础上，提出了基于球面六边形铺盖的Voronoi图生成算法，实验验证了算法的正确性与效率。     

中国大陆科学钻探靶区深部温度预测

依据中国大陆科学钻探(CCSD)两口先导孔中地热测量和岩石样品热物性参数,对5000m深钻的可能钻遇温度进行了预测.先导孔中地温梯度介于1-26℃/km;岩石热导率变化为2.64-8.81W/(m@K),平均(3.4±1.26)W/(m@K);实测热流值为76-80mW/m2;30块岩石样品放射性生热率变化为(0.0-2.17)μW/m3,450m深度以上层平均(0.76±0.5)μW/m3,以下层段平均(0.48±0.2)μW/m3,生热率随深度递减,但变化趋势难以明确判定.分别对热流和热导率取上、下限,采用不同的生热率随深度的分布函数,区分考虑或不考虑热导率的温度相关性,分别计算出5000m深度内可能的温度分布剖面.计算结果表明,超深井于5000m垂直深度上的温度将达到110-140℃,2000m深度的探井钻遇温度将介于54-64℃.此外,考虑热导率的温度效应后预测的温度一般高于未考虑热导率温度效应5-8℃.     

关于福建及邻近地区地壳深部场源磁异常的研究

本文利用大量实际资料和多项式方法,以全国地磁正常场为背景场,提取反映福建及邻近地区的地壳深部场源磁异常信息;并对它们的空间变化特征,以及与地震带的分布,区域重力场和深部地质构造等的关系进行了对比分析,取得了有用的结果.     

ESSAI DE DETERMINATION AUTOMATIQUE DES VITESSES SISMIQUES PAR MESURES ENTRE PUITS*

Large memory computers create new possibilities for seismic interpretation in well-drilled areas, and more generally in problems involving deep sources. Records obtained by well-to-surface, surface-to-well and/or well-to-well propagation contain a large amount of information, owing to the great number of seismic rays travelling throughout the subsurface. This paper considers two successive steps: — direct case: computation of the first arrival times of seismic rays propagating through a two-dimensional subsurface with given vertical and horizontal velocity variations; — inverse case: computation of a two-dimensional velocity distribution, knowing the travel times of seismic rays through the subsurface. A computer program has been elaborated to solve both direct and inverse problems. There are no difficulties with the direct case; a certain number of uncertainties remain with the inverse case.     

Significance of MORB-derived Amphibolites from the Aracena Metamorphic Belt, Southwest Spain

The Aracena metamorphic belt, in the southwest Iberian Massif,is characterized by the presence of MORB-derived amphibolitesand continental rocks deformed and metamorphosed during theHercynian orogeny. Geochemical relationships of these amphibolitesindicate the existence of a multiple fractionation process froma set of parental magmas, implying the existence of a multi-chambersystem beneath the ridge where the basalt protolith was extruded.Neodymium isotopic ratios are typical of MORB, and oxygen isotopesindicate that these amphibolites have been derived from theuppermost part of the oceanic crust. Thermal evolution, revealedfrom the study of chemical variations in the amphibole chemistry,is interpreted as resulting from subduction in a low-pressureregime in which the thermal structure of the continental hanging-wallplayed an important role. This continental wall was previouslyheated by subduction of a slab window resulting from migrationof a triple junction along the continental edge during plateconvergence. Three petrologic arguments support this tectonicmodel. These are: (1) the low-pressure inverted metamorphicgradient of amphibolites of the oceanic domain; (2) the high-temperature-low-pressure metamorphism of the continental hanging wall; (3)the early intrusion of boninites into the continental domain. ^*Corresponding author.     

关于地震水平叠加时间剖面二维归位分层作图方法的探讨

针对我国东北地区地质构造特征,在煤田地震勘探资料解释工作中,解释后的水平叠加时间剖面,需要进行时深转换;在时深转换作图过程中,依据不同地质模型,采用各自地质模型的综合速度曲线,对水平叠加剖面采用分层作图,使地质层位空间二维归位后,误差小、位置准,从而可提高地震勘探资料解释精度。     

地球剖分格网研究进展综述

通过梳理近十多年来地球剖分格网的相关研究文献,从剖分建模(四边形剖分、等积剖分和立体剖分)、编码计算(层次编码运算、填充曲线编码运算和整数坐标编码运算)、质量评价(评价准则、评价因子和层次传播趋势)及典型应用(政府机构应用、商业系统应用和行业领域应用)等4个方面,对该领域研究进展进行了系统的分类分析,较为详细地给出了不同格网模型的结构特点、适用模式及其存在的不足。最后总结出地球剖分格网在理论基础完备性、格网计算高效性及格网质量可靠性等方面研究的前沿问题。     

LINKING SEDIMENT EXPOSURE WITH EFFECTS: MODELING TECHNIQUES, ORGANIC AVAILABILITY AND UPTAKE

1 INTRODUCTION Sediments are the ultimate sink for many hydrophobic contaminants and represent biologically important environmental habitats. Exposure of the sediment-associated contaminants is not only influenced by the fate and transport of sediment but also is influenced by a variety of physical, chemical, and biological processes that involve no net movement of sediments. These processes include pore water transport processes such as advection and diffusion, and sediment mixing process…     

遥感技术在城市地质调查中的应用

国家越发达、地区越发达地质工作程度越高，而中国现实却是，中西部山区地质工作程度较高，东部城市或平原地区的地质工作程度则相对较低，这极不适应快速进步的经济、社会需求。在即将开展的城市地质调查暨立体地质填图的规划中，遥感作为一种伴随城市地质调查而发展起来的先进技术，必将在城市广义地学和国土资源调查中大显身手。本文重点介绍遥感技术在第四纪地质、地貌单元划分、地质灾害预警与监测、城市化动态过程追溯以及城市生态环境等诸多领域服务于城市地质调查和经济、社会需求等方面可以发挥的技术优势。