基于层区带刻度区地质特点的资源评价方法适用性分析

针对新型的层区带刻度区进行资源评价方法的适应性研究是长庆四次资评一项重要内容。采用油藏规模序列法、油藏过程模型法、容积法和饱和探井法4种资源评价方法,对具不同成藏特点的刻度区进行了深入的方法适用性分析和参数研究。研究结果表明,过程类资源评价方法对低渗透、特低渗透连续性岩性油藏,在以储量提交单元作为统计单元进行油藏发现序列与规模序列模拟时,计算参数的合理性与计算结果认知度很难达到统一。而勘探程度类资源评价方法,在深入的地质分析基础上,选择合理适宜的关键参数,是可以求得较为可信的地质资源量。当然,评价者对评价对象的认识程度和对评价方法的掌握程度也影响着资源评价的结果。     

The Mesozoic Basin-Mountain Coupling Process of the Southern East China Sea Shelf Basin and its Adjacent Land Area

正Objective Basin-mountain coupling is a key issue for basin formation and evolution.The analysis of basin-mountain coupling process,as well as quantitative or semiquantitative restoration of prototype basin and the evolution of continental margin,can be used to interpret     

Using Geomechanical Method to Predict Tectonic Fractures in Low-Permeability Sandstone Reservoirs

Understanding and interpreting the timing, location, orientation, and intensity of natural fractures within a geological structure are commonly important to both exploration and production planning activities of low-porosity and low-permeability carbonate reservoirs. In this study, we explore the application of comprehensive geomechanical methods to quantitatively characterize the fracture parameters based on Strain Energy Density Theory, such as linear fracture density and volume fracture density. This study approach is based on the idea that energy generated by tectonic stress on brittle sandstone,which can be distinguished fracture surface energy, friction energy dissipation and residual strain energy and natural fractures can be interpreted or inferred from geomechanical-model-derived strains. For this analysis, we model an extension and compression compound fault block developed in a mechanically stratified sandstone and shale sequence because mechanics experimental data and drilling data exist that can be directly compared with model results.However, the results show that the approach and our study conclusion are independent of the specified structural geometry, which can correlate fracture parameters in different stages with different tectonic activities, and finally build and visualize fracture networks in sandstone. The presence or absence of filling minerals in fractures is shown to strongly control the destruction and transformation of low-permeability sandstone, and this control possesses crucial implications for interpreting fracture aperture and reservoir flow simulation.     

仿生高效切削齿试验研究

在仿生高效耐磨理论的指导下,以鼹鼠爪趾为仿生原型,引入了其经长期进化而具有的高效、耐磨的特性。选用CVD多晶金刚石为切削齿的切削单元,采用真空热压烧结工艺制备仿生高效切削齿,并将其与常规PDC齿、仿生PDC齿的耐磨性和切削效率进行对比试验,结果显示：仿生高效切削齿的耐磨性较常规PDC齿提高23%;切削效率较常规PDC齿提高1.49倍,较仿生PDC齿提高48%。初步证明了仿生高效切削齿工艺的可行性,为下一步高效切削钻头的研究奠定了坚实的基础。     

Antialgal and antilarval activities of bioactive compounds extracted from the marine dinoflagellate <Emphasis Type="Italic">Amphidinium carterae</Emphasis>

With the global ban on the application of organotin-based marine coatings by the International Maritime Organization, the development of environmentally friendly, low-toxic and nontoxic antifouling compounds for marine industries has become an urgent need. Marine microorganisms have been considered as a potential source of natural antifoulants. In this study, the antifouling potential of marine dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae, the toxic and red-tide microalgae, was investigated. We performed a series of operations to extract the bioactive substances from Amphidinium carterae and tested their antialgal and antilarval activities. The crude extract of Amphidinium carterae showed significant antialgal activity and the EC₅₀ value against Skeletonema costatum was 55.4 μg mL^?1. After purification, the isolated bioactive substances (the organic extract C) exhibited much higher antialgal and antilarval activities with EC₅₀ of 12.9 μg mL^?1 against Skeletonema costatum and LC₅₀ of 15.1 μg mL^?1 against Amphibalanus amphitrite larvae. Subsequently, IR, Q-TOFMS, and GC-MS were utilized for the structural elucidation of the bioactive compounds, and a series of unsaturated and saturated 16- to 22-carbon fatty acids were detected. The data suggested the bioactive compounds isolated from Amphidinium carterae exhibited a significant inhibiting effect against the diatom Skeletonema costatum and Amphibalanus amphitrite larvae, and could be substitutes for persistent, toxic antifouling compounds.     

黄铁矿ReOs法测年在胶东金矿中的应用初探

该次工作为黄铁矿Re-Os法测年在胶东金矿中的首次应用。在大尹格庄金矿中获得了由3件黄铁矿样品组成的(144.8±1.8)Ma等时线年龄,暗示着大尹格庄金矿区可能存在一期晚侏罗世的Au成矿事件。通过对大尹格庄、夏甸、土堆金矿黄铁矿Re-Os同位素年代学的研究,表明黄铁矿的Re-Os同位素特征在胶东金矿中具有一定的复杂性。该文总结了影响黄铁矿Re-Os同位素测年结果的因素,认为在利用该方法进行金矿床定年时,应当将不同期次黄铁矿分别送样,适当拉大采样间距,并尽可能降低实验测试误差,以期获得更精确可靠的年龄。     

Monitoring and analysis of changes in a wetland landscape in Xingzi county

Wetlands play an important role in water conservation, environmental protection, and biodiversity conservation. Remote sensing is an economical and efficient technique for wetland monitoring which can limit disturbance in sensitive areas and support wetland conservation. In this paper, we used three phases of Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (TM/ETM+) remote sensing images from October 1989, October 1999, and October 2009 to study wetlands in Xingzi County. The images were segmented using the object-oriented remote sensing image interpretation software eCognition Developer 8.64, then segmented images were classified by slope, digital elevation model (DEM) data, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Specific Leaf Area Vegetation Index (SLAVI), and Land and Water Masks (LWM) index to produce land type classification maps. Land use change information was obtained by analyzing the superposition of two classification maps of the wetland area from different years. The results showed that landscape patches in Xingzi County displayed fragmentation in their spatial distribution over time. Based on an index of changes in landscape patches, the fastest growing landscape type is grassland, while the fastest decreasing type is irrigated land. Dominant driving factors of changes in Xingzi County’s wetland landscape are population growth and policy changes.