团结沟金矿矿床成因、构造控矿规律与找矿方向浅析

团结构金矿是一个产于花岗斑岩中的大型岩金矿,由于所发现的金矿体绝大部分赋存在花岗斑岩中,因此长期以来,针对该区的找矿评价工作,均主要围绕花岗斑岩展开。本文通过对该矿区及其外围地区的矿石和岩石的稀土配分模式、硫同位素、包体测温等方面的系统分析与比较,发现该金矿床虽然在空间上与花岗斑岩关系密切,但在成因上却不相关。因此,本文对该矿床的控矿构造规律重新进行了系统分析和归纳总结,提出了火山次火山机构的内环带构造是区内金矿体最主要的控矿构造的新认识,进而指出了团结沟金矿田今后的找矿方向。     

Evolution of Geological Environment and Its Mineralization-Controlling on Gandise Massif, Tibet, China

The Gandise massif in Tibet, China, is one of the most important copper-multimetal metallogenic belt of Tibet region( Hou, et al,2001 ; Qu, et al, 2001 ;     

瑞利波法检验客运专线湿陷性黄土地基处理效果

黄土地基具有明显的湿陷性,试验采用3种方法(柱锤冲扩桩、挤密桩、强夯)进行处理.测试得到地基在3种方案处理前后的瞬态瑞利波频散曲线,比较处理前后的瑞利波波速分布图,反演分析地基剪切波速度,得到黄土地基处理后的波速变化特性.结果表明,经3种方案处理后的黄土地基弹性波波速均得到了提高,波速增大幅度从大到小分别为柱锤冲扩桩、挤密桩和强夯,与静力触探法对比结果较为一致,表明瞬态瑞利波测试方法能大面积无损测试地基处理效果.     

华北中部岩石圈电性结构——应县—商河剖面大地电磁测深研究

20 0 1年, 沿着山西应县到山东商河, 重新布置大地电磁测深剖面进行研究.采用现代先进的大地电磁数据处理技术和快速松弛二维反演方法获得该剖面二维电性结构模型, 从而充分展示了华北地区岩石圈电性结构的特点.从电性特征上讲, 华北岩石圈以太行山前断裂为界划分为东、西两区, 东区为低阻区, 西区为高阻区.在东区, 上地壳电性结构基本与华北裂谷系的隆、坳构造格局相对应, 岩石圈的电导最高达3× 104 S, 远远大于强烈活动的安第斯山岩浆弧区和西藏高原岩石圈的电导.这里, 在构造连接部位的地壳中有不连续的高导体存在, 电导率大约0.1~ 0.8S/m.在西区, 太行山和恒山的岩石圈为高阻块体, 表现出稳定大陆区岩石圈导电性结构的特点.但恒山高阻块体之下发现一组向西缓倾的高导层, 其电导率为0.0 4~0.2 5S/m, 顶面在2 0km深处, 底面深度大约40km.      

Regional frequency analysis of extreme precipitation and its spatio-temporal characteristics in the Huai River Basin, China

With the increasing exposure of populations and economy to natural hazards, the spatio-temporal characteristics of extreme rainfall remain a key subject of study. Based on annual maximum rainfall (AM) and peaks over threshold rainfall series at 30 meteorological stations during 1960–2011 in the Huai River Basin (HRB), spatio-temporal characteristics of extreme rainfall are analyzed through regional frequency analysis method using L-moments. The accuracy and uncertainty analysis of quantile estimations are also carried out, and the regional and at-site frequency analyses are compared. Results indicate the following: (1) During 1960–2011, AM precipitation at 20 stations in the HRB shows an increasing trend, while at the other 10 stations, it shows a decreasing trend. And both the increased and decreased trends are not significant. (2) The HRB can be categorized into three homogeneous regions via cluster analysis. For both at-site and regional frequency analyses, the root mean square error values increase with the increase in return periods. The estimations are reliable enough for the return periods of less than 100 years. The quantile estimates of large return period from regional frequency analysis are more accurate and have smaller uncertainty than those from at-site frequency analysis. (3) Extreme precipitation in the HRB concentrates in the upstream of the Huai River and YiShuSi water system in the east of the HRB. Generally, the area with extreme precipitation, especially the upper reaches of the Huai River and Yimeng Mountain areas, also has large standard variations of extreme precipitation, which will increase the risk of natural hazards.     

A Euler number-based topological computation model for land parcel database updating

Intersection relations are important topological considerations in database update processes. The differentiation and identification of non-empty intersection relations between new updates and existing objects is one of the first steps in the automatic incremental update process for a land parcel database. The basic non-empty intersection relations are meet, overlap, cover, equal and inside, but these basic relationships cannot reflect the complex and detailed non-empty relations between a new update and the existing objects. It is therefore necessary to refine the basic non-empty topological relations to support and trigger the relevant update operations. Such relations have been refined by several researchers using topological invariants (e.g., dimension, type and sequence) to represent the intersection components. However, the intersection components often include only points and lines, and the refined types of 2-dimensional intersection components that occur between land parcels have not been defined. This study examines the refinement of non-empty relations among 2-dimensional land parcels and proposes a computation model. In this model, an entire spatial object is directly used as the operand, and two set operations (i.e., intersection (∩) and difference (\)) are applied to form the basic topological computation model. The Euler number is introduced to refine the relations with a single 2-dimensional intersection (i.e., cover, inside and overlap) and to distinguish the refined types of 2-dimensional intersection components for the relations with multiple intersections. In this study, the cover and overlap relations with single intersections between regions are refined into seven cases, and nine basic types of 2-dimensional intersection components are distinguished. A composite computation model is formed with both Euler number values and dimensional differences. In this model, the topological relations with single intersections are differentiated by the value of the dimension and the Euler number of the resulting set of the whole-object intersection and differences, whereas the relations with multiple intersections are discriminated by the value of the resulting set at a coarse level and are further differentiated by the type and sequence of the whole-object intersection component in a hierarchical manner. Based on the refined topological relations, an improved method for automatic and incremental updating of the land parcel database is presented. The effectiveness of the models and algorithms was verified by the incremental update of a land cover database. The results of this study represent a new avenue for automatic spatial data handling in incremental update processes.     

基于全天空极光图像方向能量表征方法的极光事件分类

针对基于全天空极光图像的极光事件自动分类问题,提出一种基于方向能量二元编码重组表征的自动分类方法。首先,通过对多个方向上能量分解来描述极光事件中的局部纹理和各个方向上的运动信息,并且结合分块策略获得极光事件的全局形态信息;然后,借鉴一种二元编码重组的方式对多个方向能量进行融合,从而使得极光事件的表征具有同时表征局部纹理、全局形态和运动信息的能力。该表征方法完全不依赖于极光事件的长度,可用于表征不同持续时间的极光事件,并且不需要复杂的训练过程。利用最近邻和支撑向量机分类器分别对从中国北极黄河站拍摄到的极光图像中挑选的特定极光事件进行自动分类,结果表明,与其他两种典型的动态纹理描述方法相比,本文所提出的表征方法结合最近邻分类器,得到了最好的分类效果,能有效用于极光事件的分析,为海量数据中的极光事件自动分类提供了一种新方法。     

基于210Pb测年法的楚科奇海陆架北缘有机碳沉积通量研究

有机碳沉积作用在一定时间尺度上形成海洋碳汇作用的最终净效应,北冰洋陆架的有机碳沉积作用在全球碳循环中有着尤为重要的地位。为了测定楚科奇海陆架的有机碳沉积通量,本文应用210Pb测年法对中国第3次北极考察R17站位的沉积物样品的年龄及沉积速率进行了分析测定,并结合表层沉积物中有机碳的含量计算得到了楚科奇海陆架北缘的有机碳沉积通量。结果显示,该站位的沉积速率为0.6 mm/a,表观沉积质量通量为0.72 kg/m2/a,有机碳沉积通量为517 mmol C/m2/a。经估算,真光层输出的有机碳中约有29 %被长期封存在沉积物中,远高于中低纬度的正常值（~10 %）,说明楚科奇海陆架区具有高效的碳汇作用。     

矿山投料井施工难点与对策

结合福建省武平某银多金属矿施工填充站TZK1、TZK2投料井工程,详细介绍了矿山投料井施工的难点与对策：通过对钻探设备的优化组合,结合钟摆钻具原理,辅以护壁堵漏,研制分离式注浆专用阀,顺利下入套管及注浆固井,圆满完成了该投料井工程的施工任务。     

夏季崂山湾浮游动物群落结构及空间分布特征

根据2014年8月浅水Ⅱ型浮游生物网在崂山湾海域调查获取的样品,结合同步环境调查资料,研究了崂山湾浮游动物种类组成、群落结构及空间分布。共鉴定浮游动物40种(类),其中浮游幼虫16类,占种类数的40.0%,桡足类14种,占种类数的35.0%,水螅水母类4种,枝角类、毛颚类各2种,原生动物和被囊类各1种。夜光虫丰度在各站位均很高,去除夜光虫丰度后,浮游动物优势种为小拟哲水蚤、异体住囊虫、强额孔雀水蚤和洪氏纺锤水蚤。根据浮游动物群落结构相似性,利用聚类分析可将19个调查站位的浮游动物群落划分到四个群组中。群组Ⅰ所在站位平均水深最浅,指示种最多,其中夜光虫、半球美螅水母、小拟哲水蚤和背针胸刺水蚤为其特有指示种,短尾类溞状幼虫的平均丰度在该群组最高;群组Ⅳ所在站位平均水深最深,靠近外海,指示种最少,圆唇角水蚤为其指示种,桡足类无节幼虫的平均丰度在该群组最高,群组Ⅳ与群组Ⅰ的浮游动物群落结构差异最大,无共有指示种;群组Ⅱ和群组Ⅲ为过渡群组,其部分指示种与其他群组共享。水深和表层叶绿素a浓度对浮游动物群落的变化具有较大影响。