The infrared dielectric properties of maghemite, γ-Fe2O3, from reflectance measurement on pressed powders

The infrared complex permittivity functions of three varieties of maghemite, γ-Fe₂O₃, having different degrees of vacancy ordering, have been determined from their IR reflectance spectra, measured at near to normal incidence on pressed powder pellets. The optical constants therefrom obtained have been verified by using them in the simulation of the corresponding absorption spectra for KBr-diluted pellets, and these are in excellent agreement with the experimental spectra. All calculations are based on a procedure for the estimation of the effective dielectric function of a mixture, which incorporates percolation features, recently developed by the authors.     

平顶山金矿床黄铁矿化学成分特征及其找矿意义

本文依据21件黄铁矿样品的电子探针成分分析数据,讨论了Au,Ag,Fe,Co,Ni,S,As,Sb,Cu,Te,Sn,Se等13个元素在黄铁矿中的含量和S/Fe,As/Sb比值在时间和空间上的变化规律。对矿体上的黄铁矿单晶体进行的能谱扫描电镜成分分析,Fe,S,As等成分在黄铁矿内部呈环带状分布,由晶体中心向边缘,它们的含量呈脉动式变化,反映成矿热液活动频繁。     

丁二酸桥联双核铜Cu(C_3N_2H_4)_2(C_4H_5O_4)_2晶体的超分子结构及形貌特征

用XRD,SEM和TEM研究新型配合物Cu(C3N2H4)2(C4H5O4)2的超分子结构和微观形貌,并对新型晶体的平衡外形进行模拟计算,结果表明:该配合物分子具有丁二酸桥联的双核铜结构,中心铜离子处在2个咪唑和4个丁二酸以单齿配位组成的八面体中心,在ab平面,分子中有十四元大环,环内Cu(1)-Cu(2)原子间距为0.8031nm,C(2)-C(2′)为0.4183nm;在ac平面,沿着[010]方向分子内呈现凹的六边形纳米级孔洞;沿[100]方向分子依靠弱的氢键作用,层状堆积成三维超分子结构。此外,随着丁二酸的碳链沿[001]方向无限延伸,形成以铜离子为交叉中心的带状拓扑构型。SEM观察到晶体表面形成有明显的凹坑,区域呈现层状阶梯,说明晶体在(100)面遵照台阶-扭折模型呈层状生长结晶。TEM微区形貌像显示晶体存在条纹和缺陷结构,整体保持柱状构型,这与模拟的晶体平衡外形呈柱状一致。模拟结果表明晶体最易外显晶面为(100)面,外显比例达41.247%,这与晶体超分子层沿[100]方向通过氢键作用堆积,键作用力较弱密切相关。     

Occurrence of wagnerite in Mg–Al granulites of Sonapahar,Meghalaya

We report for the first time the occurrence of rare phosphate wagnerite as a stable phase from the Mg–Al granulites of Sonapahar. The wagnerite bearing assemblages consist of the spinel, phlogopite, brucite and corundum. The wagnerite appears in the Mg–Al granulites due to the break-down of spinel and fluorapatite. The mineral chemistry of the phases has been discussed from the EPMA data, which reveals that the fluorine content of the wagnerite is relatively low due to the exchange of F to coexisting phases. The major oxide analysis of the rocks show the low content of Ca, which is the requisite for the occurrences of wagnerite.     

The effects of soil sand contents on characteristics of humic acids along soil profiles

It is generally accepted that the compositions and properties of soil organic matter (SOM) are influenced by many factors. In order to reveal the effects of soil texture on characteristics and dynamics of SOM and its sub-fraction, humic acid (HA), along two soil profiles, a yellow soil profile and a purplish soil profile, under the same climate and vegetation conditions were determined. Results indicate that the decomposition and humification degrees of SOM and HA of the purplish soils are higher than those of the corresponding yellow soils indicated by A/O–A ratios of HAs, TOCs and HA yields of bulk soil samples, nevertheless, the development degree of the purplish soil is lower than that of the yellow soil. The variations of E₄/E₆ ratios of HAs along the soil profiles indicate the overall molecular sizes of HAs decreased downward along the soil profiles. A/O–A ratios of HAs decreased downward along both the soil profiles indicate that humification processes decrease downward along both the soil profiles. Leaching of SOM shows significant effects on the distribution and characteristics of HAs in the yellow soil profile but the purplish soil profile, which is consistent with the higher hydrophobicity of HAs in purplish soils, shows that the distribution characteristics of SOM along the soil profiles are a complex result of the combination of soil texture and characteristics of SOM itself. The remarkably different sand contents are concluded tentatively as one of reasons to the different distributions and dynamics of HAs along the soil profiles, however, to profoundly understand the evolution and transport of SOM along soil profiles needs more researches.     

渤海湾盆地A油田新近系明下段沉积特征及演化模式

渤海湾盆地A油田新近系明下段Ⅱ—Ⅴ油组是其主力含油层位。通过观察分析岩心资料的沉积构造特征、岩矿特征和粒度特征、测井形态、地球物理属性等特征,综合判定其主要发育曲流河和浅水三角洲两种沉积相类型,油田范围内曲流河主要发育河道、决口扇、天然堤和泛滥平原4种沉积微相,浅水三角洲主要发育水下分支河道、水下天然堤、河口坝和分流间湾4种沉积微相。通过分析沉积相特征,结合高分辨率层序地层学观点,对A油田明下Ⅱ—Ⅴ油组的垂向演化特征进行了探讨,结果表明:处于长周期上升半旋回的Ⅴ油组曲流河呈条带状分布;处于长周期下降半旋回初期的Ⅳ油组浅水三角洲平面呈坨状,内部砂体连通性差;处于长周期下降半旋回中期的Ⅲ油组浅水三角洲平面呈朵叶状,砂体以侧向叠置为主;处于长周期下降半旋回晚期的Ⅱ油组浅水三角洲平面呈鸟足状,砂体以垂向叠置为主。最终提出该油田沉积演化模式。     

下庄铀矿田成矿热液的水源研究

在分析下庄铀矿田成矿地质背景的基础上，根据包体水氢、氧同位素组成和水－岩相互作用原理对该矿田成矿热液的水源进行了详细探讨。其结果表明，下庄铀成矿热液的氢、氧同位素组成δ１８Ｏ＝＋６．９０‰～－９．８０‰（ＳＭＯＷ）、δＤ＝－３０‰～－８５‰（ＳＭＯＷ）位于已发生氧漂移的大气降水同位素组成范围。水－岩同位素交换后，岩石的δ１８Ｏ值明显降低，显示出与岩石相互作用的古地下水具有相当低的δ１８Ｏ值。不同水－岩比值条件下同位素交换结果证明下庄成矿古水热系统具有比较充足的水源，大气降水与岩石交换后热液的δ１８Ｏ计算（－８．２６‰～＋１．５３‰）与成矿期热液的δ１８Ｏ值（－６．５４‰～＋１．４３‰）相吻合。证据表明下庄铀矿田成矿热液的水源主要来自大气降水。     

Largest Toothed Pterosaur Skull from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning,China, with Comments on the Family Boreopteridae

A new pterosaur Moganopterus zhuiana gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on a complete skull with lower jaws and anterior cervical vertebrae. It is characterized by much elongated upper and lower jaws with at least 62 total, long, curved teeth with sharp tips, a well developed parietal crest extending posterodorsally, forming an angle of 15 degrees with the ventral margin of the skull, the ratio of length to width of cervical vertebrae greater than 5:1. The skull length is 750 mm, and it is the largest toothed pterosaur found so far in the world. Based on this new pterosaur, the Boreopteridae can be divided into two subgroups: Boreopterinae sub-fam. nov. and Moganopterinae sub-fam. nov., which is also confirmed by the phylogenetic analysis.     

The Influence of Chlorine on the Determination of Combined Water: An Investigation of a Correction Procedure

Differential thermal analysis, pH determination and ion chromatography were used to investigate the interference of chlorine in the determination of combined water (H₂O⁺) by the Penfield tube gravimetric method. The magnitude of the chlorine interference was quantified and a correction method was proposed to obtain accurate results for H₂O⁺. The method was applied to the determination of H₂O⁺ in deep sea sediments containing chlorine and certified reference materials of oceanic polymetallic nodules.     

中国西天山拉尔敦达坂构造解析

拉尔敦达坂一带发育的大型复合式韧性剪切带，经解析分为水平拆离、挤压和岩浆侵入隆升、左行走滑韧性剪切三个不同阶段，变形时限分别限定在早古生代晚期至晚古生代早期、晚泥盆世和二叠-三叠纪。剪切带向东至伊连哈比尔山被“天山主干断裂”截断，向西经北本札尔特河谷的阿登布拉克沟在国境附近的阿拉爱格尔山口附近与邻国“尼古拉耶夫线”相接。该剪切带属南侧塔里木与伊犁-伊塞克两陆块碰撞缝合构造同碰撞期的次级构造带。