NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF INTERANNUAL AND INTERDECADAL VARIABILITY OF SURFACE WIND OVER THE TROPICAL PACIFIC

A global atmospheric general circulation model (L9R15 AGCMs) forced by COADS SST was integrated from 1945 to 1993. Interannual and interdecadal variability of the simulated surface wind over the tropical Pacific was analyzed and shown to agree vey well with observation. Simulation of surface wind over the central-western equatorial Pacific was more successful than that over the eastern Pacific. Zonal propagating feature of interannual variability of the tropical Pacific wind anomalies and its decadal difference were also simulated successfully. The close agreement between simulation and observation on the existence of obvious interdecadal variability of tropical Pacific surface wind attested to the high simulation capability of AGCM.     

A CASE STUDY ON CONCENTRATION AND DECENTRALIZATION：BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMIC MECHANISM OF SPATIAL EVOLUTION IN METROPOLITAN AREA，NANJING，CHINA

In rapid socio-economic development,the process of concentration and dispersal of various elements tends to be more dramatic,tremendously influencing the shaping and transformation of the space in metropolitan area.Survey of spatial concentration and decentralization has thus become a basic method in examining metropolitan spatial evolution.In this research,three elements were selected as the essential indicators of the process:demographic density distribu-tion,employment density distribution and business office location.Performance of these elements in Nanjing City was exam-ined historically.As Nanjing City could be regarded as a representative of metropolitan areas in China,its situation large-ly suggestes the general characteristics in similar areas of China.Hence based on the investigation of Nanjing City,four general implications were highlighted.First ,metropolitan areas in China are in a violent process and shift of spatial concentra-tion and decentralization.Second,from now to at least the near future,concentration will continue to be the central fea-ture.Third,the landscape of metropolitan areas basically exhibits a dual structure character.The gap in environmental and ecological qualities among different districts will continue for a long time.Fourth,Central Business District (CBD) is playing an important role in helping to convert the traditionally single-centered city structure into a polycentric one.     

Biogenic silicate accumulation in sediments, Jiaozhou Bay

1 INTRODUCTION Silicate, or silicic acid (H4SiO4), is a very im- portant nutrient in the ocean. Unlike other major nu- trients such as phosphate and nitrate or ammonium, which are needed by almost all marine plankton, silicate is an essential chemical req…     

武汉市供电局110联动报修计算机管理系统

介绍了武汉市供电局110联动报修计算机管理系统的设计和实现方法。系统利用ATM网络和PSTN网络,在SQLServer数据库环境中实现配电故障的信息处理。     

春季一次暴雪过程的多普勒雷达动力学诊断

利用太原C波段多普勒天气雷达基数据资料和自动雨量站资料,对2006年4月11日发生在山西省的一次区域性暴雪过程进行了分析。应用改进的EVAD技术,定量计算垂直高度层的平均散度和平均垂直速度,并分析平均散度和平均垂直速度随时间和高度的变化以及与降雪的对应关系。结果表明：2．5km以下始终维持一个较强的上升气流,是强降雪维持的基本动力条件;整层出现辐合上升运动,且强上升速度中心的高度随时间的演变逐渐下降,同时中高层出现强辐散下沉气流与之配合时,未来2小时将出现强降雪;降雪的强度与雷达探测范围内各高度层的辐舍、辐散有着密切的关系,且辐合、辐散的增强与减弱时间早于降雪强度的增大和减小时间,这对预报降雪的生消、雪强的增大与减小提供了一定的理论依据。     

山东水资源分析及趋势预测

通过分析近３９年山东省水资源的历史倾向性、阶段性、周期性,研究了水资源总量及径流量和地下水位的变化特征。结果表明,山东水资源量的年际变化大且呈快速下降态势,其中,地表径流量的下降尤为明显;水资源的变化存在一定的阶段性和周期性。通过分析降水与水资源的关系,发现两者的变化规律一致,但降水对水资源,特别是对地下水分量的影响有一定的持续性。建立均生函数预测模型,对未来水资源总量进行预测显示,１９９８￣２０     

南水北调中线工程建设与河南水资源可持续利用

文章通过对河南省水资源开发利用现状，存在的主要问题，水资源供需平衡以及南水北调工程对河南省水资源利用的影响论述，提出了在拟定南水北调工程供水方案中，应通过强化节水，加强水资源保护，严格控制地下水开采，将水资源作为商品等措施，促进河南省水资源的可持续开发利用。     

中巴经济走廊地质灾害敏感性分析

中巴经济走廊是"一带一路"建设的旗舰项目,对中巴经济走廊地质灾害进行敏感性分析与区划,可为中巴经济走廊地质灾害的防治提供参考。基于此,文章选取高程、坡度、地形起伏度、地震密度、多年平均降雨量、距断裂带的距离、地层岩性、距河流的距离和距公路的距离等9个指标,采用加权信息量模型和证据权法,综合分析中巴经济走廊地质灾害敏感性。并运用ROC曲线验证对比两种模型分析的敏感性结果,选取精度较高的模型分析的地质灾害敏感性进行研究区区划,最后对区划结果进行相关验证。研究结果表明：1）中巴经济走廊容易诱发地质灾害的条件为：高程在2660~3470 m之间,坡度为29°~35°,地形起伏度在45~70 m之间,地震密度在2~4个/102 km2之间,多年平均降雨量在430~530 mm之间,距断裂带距离小于5 km,地层岩性为软岩和极软岩,距河流距离小于2 km,距公路距离小于2 km。2）基于加权信息量模型和证据权法分析的中巴经济走廊地质灾害敏感性精度分别为0.821和0.795,表明本研究选取的地质灾害敏感性分析模型具有较高的准确性,但是运用加权信息量模型分析的敏感性更符合实际情况。因此,运用加权信息量模型分析的结果进行研究区地质灾害敏感性区划。3）研究区地质灾害不敏感区、低敏感区、中等敏感区、高度敏感区和极高敏感区所占面积比分别为26.3%、23.1%、21.6%、18.8%和10.2%,以中、低敏感性为主;且敏感性呈现出南低北高的空间分布特征。4）运用实地调研的地质灾害点对本文区划的中巴经济走廊地质灾害敏感性结果验证,表明区划的结果具有一定的科学、可信性,可以为中巴经济走廊重大工程建设、交通线路选线、城市规划、资源开发等方面提供科学依据。     

不稳定边界层下地形重力内波

水槽实验及线性理论研究表明,当低层大气处于近中性或不稳定时,如果地形引起的动力扰动足够强,地形扰动可在上部稳定层结中激发出重力内波,波动反过来影响低层流场,引起动量输送。低层大气处于近中性或不稳定时,地形波同样对大气运动可产生波阻,这应引起模式工作者的重视。最后讨论了大气粘性对中性或不稳定层结下地形波的影响。