庙西凹陷严重生物降解原油序列中三环萜烷的异常分布成因初探

对渤海湾盆地一系列生物降解原油的色谱-质谱分析结果表明,庙西凹陷PL15-8D与PL9-4井四个严重生物降解原油三环萜烷系列分布较为异常,主要表现为以C₂₃为主峰的后峰型、C₂₀与C₂₃为主峰的微弱双峰型以及以C₂₀与C₂₄为主峰的双峰型分布模式。强烈的生物降解作用导致C₁₉~C₂₃三环萜烷优先于C₂₄₊三环萜烷被不同程度地侵蚀,是形成这一异常分布的根本原因。三环萜烷系列相对丰度与绝对浓度的变化规律表明,不同碳数三环萜烷的生物降解作用同时发生,但其降解速率有明显差别,即抗生物降解能力不同。三环萜烷系列化合物（除C₂₀三环萜烷以外）的抗生物降解能力具有随碳数增加而增强的趋势,而C₂₀三环萜烷抗降解能力似乎强于C₂₁~C₂₃三环萜烷。原油中未检测到脱甲基三环萜烷,表明三环萜烷的降解并非通过微生物的脱甲基化作用,推测其降解途径是微生物氧化三环萜烷C环支链末端的甲基,形成对应的羧酸化合物。四个原油样品甾烷、藿烷与三环萜烷被微生物严重侵蚀,不能用于油源对比研究,而三芳甾烷未受生物降解影响,可作为研究区严重生物降解原油油源对比的有效指标。     

Evolution of the Late Triassic Paleo-uplift in the Southwestern Upper Yangtze Region and its Tectonic SignificanceEI北大核心CSCD

Based on field geological survey and stratigraphic analysis, a Late Triassic Paleo-uplift is identified in the southwestern upper Yangtze region. The tectonic features, evolution history and tectonic significance of this paleo-uplift are discussed in detail in this paper. The results suggest that the hiatus of the Upper Triassic in the southwestern upper Yangtze region was resulted from the paleo-uplift that roughly parallel to the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The formation of the paleo-uplift is related to the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu and Ganzi-Litang Oceans and their subsequent collisional orogenesis along the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The forebulges of the Youjiang and Chuxiong Foreland Basins were formed by the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu Ocean, comprising the paleo-uplift at the end of the Early Triassic. Then the forebulge of the Xichang Foreland Basin was developed by the closure of the Ganzi-Litang Ocean in the Norian, and became a new part of the paleo-uplift. Owing to the termination of the Youjiang Foreland Basin at the end of the Rhaetian, the paleo-uplift was composed only of the forebulges of the Chuxiong and Xichang Foreland Basins. The discovery of the paleo-uplift will help us to better understand the prototype of the Sichuan Basin and the tectonic evolution of the southwestern upper Yangtze region during the Late Triassic. © 2017, Science Press. All right reserved.     

基于任务驱动的战场环境分析数据映射模型设计与实现

针对传统战场环境分析模型缺乏将军事特征同用户认知与任务需求相结合的服务问题,构建了一种基于任务驱动的战场环境分析模型数据自动映射与匹配方法。通过分析作战任务的特点,建立任务形式化描述规范,构造了基于xml的基本战斗任务的需求描述模板,以战场环境分析模型为基础获取作战任务对环境数据需求的要素,建立了基于规则的战场环境分析数据映射模型,完成从任务需求到环境数据自动匹配的过程。最后通过基于该模型的战场环境分析系统数据服务平台应用,任务模板与战场环境分析数据自动映射方法得到了有效的解析,并通过工作流模式构建了可视化的数据推送,可为战场环境分析按需服务提供理论参考与方法借鉴。     

钠多普勒激光雷达回波光子数仿真及大气参数反演

钠多普勒激光雷达利用中层顶区域的钠原子作为示踪物,探测中层顶区域大气风场和温度剖面.本文主要分析钠多普勒激光雷达的探测原理和大气参数反演算法.利用MSISE和HWM93等大气模型给出背景大气温度、密度及风场,并给定钠原子数密度剖面,从激光雷达方程出发,模拟计算了激光雷达的瑞利散射和钠共振荧光散射回波光子数.利用模拟的回波光子数剖面数据,反演得到大气温度、视线风速和钠原子数密度剖面,反演结果与模拟计算用的背景参数符合很好,验证了这一反演方法的正确性.分析了激光频率偏移和激光线宽变化对反演精度的影响.     

构造应力场三维数值模拟的有限单元法

目前构造应力场的研究主要是基于平面的二维分析,随着油气成藏过程三维模拟的发展,应力场的三维数值模拟显得越来越重要.从三维空间角度出发,分析了应力场的有限元模拟与求解的整个过程.基于不规则六面体单元的角点网格数据模型,对有限元求解法进行了分析与研究并提出计算方法.基于不规则角点网格数据模型的三维构造应力场有限元计算方法是本文的创新点.最后用上述方法对东营凹陷的牛庄-王家岗区域三维应力场进行了实际模拟计算,计算结果相比于其他数据模型更符合实际情况.      

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Micromorphological features of diagnostic horizons in several soils in southwest China: Implication for soil taxonomic classification

The comparative studies on micromorphological features in diagnostic horizons of Stagnic Anthrosols, Ustic Ferrosols and Ustic Vertosols in southwestern China were conducted to underpin the rationale for Chinese Soil Taxonomy. The following findings were explored: (1) Stagnic Anthrosols had the specific micromorphological features, e.g., the humic formation in anthrostagnic epipedon, the platy structures in plow subhorizon, the secondary formation of ferromanganese and the weakly optical-orientation clay do...     

湖南省CO_2排放因素的灰色关联分析

在冰川融化、全球气候变暖的情况下,以CO2为主的温室气体的排放越来越引起人们的关注。2009年12月在丹麦首都哥本哈根召开的联合国气候变化大会更是要求各国落实CO2减排目标,采取应对气候变化的行动。在建设"两型社会"背景下,采用灰色关联分析方法研究湖南省CO2排放的影响因子,通过关联度比较,得出能源消费、居民消费和GDP是影响湖南省CO2排放的最主要因素,提出了改善能源结构、引导消费方向、调节投资方向等对策建议。     

边坡锚固工程中广义Burgers模型的应用研究

流变是岩土材料的基本力学特性,流变效应是影响边坡变形及稳定性的重要因素。边坡锚固工程中,坡体介质应力调整和锚固力松弛直接影响加固坡体工程的稳定性,对工程安全性起着制约作用。考虑到坡体蠕变影响与锚固应力松弛的相互作用,结合工程实践,采用弹簧和Burgers并联模型进行锚索加固坡体的耦合蠕变分析,探讨其理论模型,获得了蠕变耦合模型的黏弹性流变参数。流变模型与试验结果的比较,显示了所建模型的正确性与合理性。