Drainage basin object-based method for regional-scale landform classification: a case study of loess area in China

Landform classification is one of the most important procedures in recognizing and dividing earth surface landforms. However, topographical homogeneity and differences in regional-scale landforms are often ignored by traditional pixel- and object-based landform classification methods based on digital elevation models (DEMs). In this work, a drainage basin object-based method for classifying regional-scale landforms is proposed. Drainage basins with least critical areas are first delineated from DEMs. Then, terrain derivatives of mean elevation, mean slope, drainage density, drainage depth, and terrain texture are employed to characterize the morphology of the drainage basins. Finally, a decision tree based on the topographical characteristics of the drainage basins is constructed and employed to determine the landform classification law. The experiment is validated in the landform classification of regional-scale loess areas in China. Results show that clear boundaries exist in different landforms at the regional scale. Landform type in a specific region shows significant topographical homogeneity under its specific regional geomorphological process. Classification accuracies are 87.3 and 86.3% for the field investigation and model validation, respectively. Spatial patterns of classified landforms and their proximity to sediment sources and other factors can be regarded as indicators of the evolutionary process of loess landform formation.     

Comparison of monthly rainfall generated from dynamical and statistical downscaling methods: a case study of the Heihe River Basin in China

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Monthly rainfall in the Heihe River Basin (HRB) was simulated by the dynamical downscaling model (DDM) and statistical downscaling model (SDM). The...     

基于Internet的GPS数据自动处理系统的研究

利用Internet技术、数据库技术和Bernese 5.0研究出一套基于Internet的GPS数据自动处理系统,即Auto-Bernese。论述该系统的开发目标、配置环境、系统结构,并在最后给出一处理实例。     

基于LTE Cat-1的无线静力水准仪系统设计

为解决工程中建筑结构不均匀沉降的监测问题,以连通器作为基本理论,使用嵌入式实时操作系统（FreeRTOS）,设计一种基于LTE Cat-1的无线静力水准仪系统。系统分为数据采集终端、数据基站和客户端3个部分,其中数据采集终端主要由压强传感器、ZigBee终端及Cortex-M3微控制器等组成,利用ZigBee终端建立多个数据采集节点;数据基站由ZigBee协调器、Cortex-M3微控制器、Wi-Fi模块及LTE Cat-1等组成,ZigBee协调器收集多个终端的数据,用户可通过PC端或移动端连接设备Wi-Fi对数据进行现场查看,LTE Cat-1模块将数据上传至服务器;客户端主要是针对质检中心或从事市政工程行业的人员设计的,方便查看现场监测结果。现场测试结果表明,该系统能够完成沉降数据的采集与稳定上传,测量精度达到mm级。     

大陆岩石圈强度研究

岩石圈强度或有效弹性厚度(Te)控制着岩石圈对长期负载的响应及其演化过程和空间构型,包含丰富的地球动力学信息,对解译地壳、岩石圈乃至地幔介质的力学性质和动力学过程及机理具有重要的科学意义。本文拟回顾从均衡概念的提出至今关于岩石圈强度研究的发展历程,重点从历史角度梳理岩石圈强度研究的沿革脉络、各种方法发展的逻辑关联,并对岩石圈强度与壳幔耦合、岩石圈有效弹性厚度与地震孕震层厚度的关系以及岩石圈有效弹性厚度各向异性等问题进行初步探讨。     

2021年四川泸县MS6.0地震震源性质及震前区域应力场特征

为了解2021-09-16四川泸县M_S6.0地震的发震机理,加强对四川盆地内地震活动性的认识,基于四川及周边地区地震台网的宽频带地震资料,利用CAP方法反演获得泸县地震的震源机制解和矩心深度;同时,基于震前四川盆地内155个震源机制解,利用MSATSI程序反演得到泸县地震震前四川盆地内的构造应力场。结果显示,泸县地震矩心深度为3 km,矩震级为M_W5.3,滑动性质为纯逆冲。震中附近震前构造应力最大主压应力和中间主压应力都近乎水平,最大主压应力在震中附近走向101°,此构造应力状态下,优势滑动断层为纯逆冲性质,与泸县地震震源机制一致。根据震源位置和性质、震前构造应力场及震中附近的断层性质推测,泸县地震发震断层不是华蓥山断裂,而是其分支和余脉之间极浅的盖层滑脱型断层。     

英国约克郡地区的喀斯特景观、土地利用与科研专用区

英国约克郡地区的冰川喀斯特以台地－谷地两大单元、地表─地下两大结构为特征。景观价值的多样性和地产权的多属性决定了土地的多功能、开发的多目的和利用的多层次。现代各种自然保护用地、养羊养牛业为主的畜牧用地和开采石灰石为主的采矿用地等在约克郡国家公园内虽有机地融为一体,但对喀斯特科研专用区（ＫＳＳＳＩ）构成威胁。最大的潜在威胁是采矿,其次是农业和各种教育、探险和旅游活动。因此,在确定喀斯特科研保护价值的基础上,应根据国家公园管理政策的特殊性,通过土地购买、设施配置、区界调整、接近控制和管理分区等措施对ＫＳＳＳＩ进行有效的保护与管理。      

The Linkage between Midwinter Suppression of the North Pacific Storm Track and Atmospheric Circulation Features in the Northern Hemisphere

The midwinter suppression(MWS) of the North Pacific storm track(NPST) has been an active research topic for decades. Based on the daily-mean NCEP/NCAR reanalysis from 1948 to 2018, this study investigates the MWS-related atmospheric circulation characteristics in the Northern Hemisphere by regression analysis with respect to a new MWS index, which may shed more light on this difficult issue. The occurrence frequency of the MWS of the upper-tropospheric NPST is more than 0.8 after the mid-1980 s. The MWS is accompanied by significantly positive sea-level pressure anomalies in Eurasia and negative anomalies over the North Pacific, which correspond to a strengthened East Asian winter monsoon. The intensified East Asian trough and atmospheric blocking in the North Pacific as well as the significantly negative low-level air temperature anomalies, lying upstream of the MNPST, are expected to be distinctly associated with the MWS. However, the relationship between the MWS and low-level atmospheric baroclinicity is somewhat puzzling.From the diagnostics of the eddy energy budget, it is identified that the inefficiency of the barotropic energy conversion related to the barotropic governor mechanism does not favor the occurrence of the MWS. In contrast, weakened baroclinic energy conversion, buoyancy conversion, and generation of eddy available potential energy by diabatic heating are conducive to the occurrence of the MWS. In addition, Ural blocking in the upstream region of the MNPST may be another candidate mechanism associated with the MWS.     

绿水洞煤矿煤层(成)气赋存与地质条件的关系

依据绿水洞矿井地质构造和煤层构造变形特征,对该矿煤层(成)气赋存运移规律进行了系统的分析,就该矿生产中煤层(成)气涌出及可能产生的动力现象进行了地质评价,认为在矿井深部仍存在沿岩层裂隙和溶洞发生煤层(成)气涌出的可能,田湾向斜东翼为全井田煤层(成)气突出危险程度最高的区域。      

基于线路设计模型的一体化中线测设方法研究

本文针对线路（包括铁路和公路）的中线测设计算量大、野外作业条件的不可预知性和劳动强度大等特点,介绍了一种基于线路设计模型的一体化中线测设的教学模型及方法,以此为基础开发了实用的中线放样程序并运用于我国第一条磁悬浮线───交大青城磁浮列车试验示范城的中经测设中,实践证明一体化的思想及方法具有高效、灵活和可靠性等特点。