The use of automated coal petrography in determining maceral group composition and the reflectance of vitrinite

Using photometric and image analysis methods, a reasonable technique and procedure have been developed for the determination of maceral group composition and the reflectance of vitrinite. This procedure is introduced by an optimum method for seeking the interval values of each maceral group, i.e., from the “fingerprint” reflectance histogram, it seeks reasonable interval values and distribution values for vitrinite and other maceral groups. After checking and correction, these values can be put into a program and computerized. This method had advantages such as increased speed of analysis and reproducibility of the results.     

桩基承载力自平衡试验方法在昆明地区的应用研究

概述了自平衡法的基本原理,对云南某化工有限公司5×105t/a合成氨煤气化装置中的三根试桩采用自平衡新方法进行了桩基承载力测试,对测试数据进行了整理和分析。应用结果表明,测试取得较好的工程效果。     

杨山晚古生代沉积盆地成因类型及其与桐柏-大别造山带关系的探讨

杨山晚古生代沉积盆地位于桐柏-大别山北麓,它具有明显的前陆盆地沉积特点,由早期(D₂?—C₁)的复理石建造到晚期(C₁—P?)的磨拉石建造;古生物地理分析表明其与华北、扬子陆块都有密不可分的联系,其间不可能有古洋盆的存在,因而它应当是桐柏一大别造山带碰撞造山过程中形成的前陆盆地。杨山晚古生代前陆盆地的形成说明,扬子陆块和华北陆块的陆-陆碰撞起始于晚泥盆世之前(S₃—D₂),而桐柏-大别造山带中生代的构造事件则可能代表一次大规模陆内逆冲-推覆作用。     

胶东半岛温泉的地热特征

胶东半岛位于欧亚板块与太平洋板块边缘内侧,是地壳长期稳定缓慢隆起地段,区内地质构造发育,大部分温泉出露在背斜核部,ＮＥ、ＮＮＥ向与ＮＷ、ＮＮＷ向断裂交泯外,地热系统属中低温深循环对流型,略为偏高的大地热流是其主要热源,地表水是地下热水的补给水源,地下水通过发育在花岗岩和变质岩中的断层或断裂破碎带,下渗和深循环对流,在径流过程中不断吸取围岩热量成热水,沿断裂上升过程中,与地下浅部裂隙水混合而成为化学     

大洋钻探与西太平洋构造

菲律宾海的深海钻探证了弧间扩张和残留弧形模式。小笠原－马里亚纳弧前区的钻探表明，俯冲带初生时伴着海底扩张，形成了异常宽阔的火山活动带。有许多出上蛇绿岩形成于俯冲带初生时的海底扩张环境。日本海的钻探揭示了日本边缘盆地的打开和关闭，新近形成的日本海东缘板边界对华北地区的构造有重要制约作用，中国东海和南海占有独特的构造位置，布置大洋钻探意义重大。文章还强调了中国地质学家从全球地质学的观点研究问题（而不仅     

Gold concentration from well water by the hydroelectrical extraction method

An experimental survey of the gold concentrated from well water by a hydroelectrical extraction (HEE) method has been carried out in the famous Au metallogenic province in the eastern part of Shandong Province in northeastern China. This method is based on the existence of ionic Au in groundwater around ore bodies. Under the action of an external electric field, ionic Au migrates toward the cathode where the metal is absorbed by a special absorbent attached to the cathode. Promising areas for further exploration can be evaluated from the amount of Au in the absorbent.Distinct Au anomalies were discovered by the experimental survey. The results from the follow-up study of some of these anomalies have shown that most of them are related to the known placer Au deposits and to the primary Au occurrences. However, two new Au prospects and several new Au sources have been found which offer new targets for Au hunting in the area.The hydroelectrical extraction method is an effective technique of looking for Au in areas covered with transported overburden. Since the Au in well water can be concentrated on the cathode with the absorbent, the sensitivity requirement for Au analysis could be reduced. The method also provides a useful tool for the exploration of blind placer Au.     

西藏高原大地电磁深探测———亚东—巴木错沿线地区壳幔电性结构

摘 要　 展示了超宽频带大地电磁深探测所获得的西藏亚东—巴木错沿线地区电性结构图像; 阐述了西藏中、南部特殊的壳幔电性特征。     

平南幔源包体中橄榄石的显微构造研究及其意义

平南玄武岩中的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的平衡温度为930~980℃, 平衡深度为59~74km, 包体中橄榄石的扭折带滑移系多为(010) [100], 但也有(001) [100]的滑移系类型; 斜方辉石的滑移系为(100) [001], 它们均为高温低应变速率下的滑移系, 说明该区的上地幔主要是在高温低应变速率条件下经历了塑性变形作用.橄榄石位错组态多样, 有自由位错、位错壁、位错弓弯、缠结、{110}滑移带, 反映了上地幔的塑性变形特征.根据位错壁的大小估算, 上地幔差异流动应力为24.5~42.1MPa, 流动速率为2.93×10-17~8.36×10-16s-1, 有效粘度为1.72×1023~2.80×1024 Pa·s, 特征与中国东部新生代上地幔较为一致, 反映同处于拉张环境.      

湘中锡矿山式锑矿锑与砷、金的共生分异现象

通过湘中锡矿山式锡矿矿化蚀变特征及矿化蚀变岩石微量元素统计分析，阐述了成矿作用中锑与金、砷共生分异的现象，并以因子分析为手段，提取成矿作用中最主要的两个特征因子，综合地质分析，指出锑矿成矿过程中主要包含有两种地质作用：硅化与锑矿化。硅化和锑矿化分别同砷、金富集和锑矿质沉淀析出相联系，从而造成锑与金、砷共生分异。硅化作用主要在成矿早期，温度较高（200－300℃），砷、金主要在这一阶段析出。锑矿化则集中发生在成矿作用晚期，温度较低（100－200℃），辉锑矿以裂隙充填方式沉淀成矿。对锑与金、砷共生分异的认识较好地解释了矿化带上成矿特征指示元素在元素聚类分析中不相关的矛盾。     

咸阳地热田水溶氦气资源评价与开发利用前景分析

近年来,在咸阳地热田资源开发利用过程中,发现地热水中普遍伴生有较高浓度的氦气(0.16％～3.00％).多年监测结果表明,伴生的氦气资源分布范围广,含量高且稳定,表现出了较大的资源潜力.通过对咸阳地热田水溶氦气资源量的定量计算,得到咸阳市区水溶氦气资源量为10.92×108 m3,可采量为0.22×108 m3.认为咸阳市开发利用水溶氦气资源的优势显著,在咸阳率先开展水溶氦气提取试验及建立年产万方级水溶氦气先导性试验区,可为在渭河盆地建立我国氦气工业基地及热、矿、水综合开发利用起到示范作用.