2009年夏季极区电离层加热实验观测研究

2009年夏季,中国在挪威特罗姆瑟(Tromsφ)利用非相干散射雷达进行电离层加热实验。实验中发现了处在150km附近的小范围温度增强事件和150—400km之间的大范围温度增强事件。前者的相对增幅明显,后者的绝对增量更大。对这两类加热事件来说,温度增量百分比均随加热功率的增加线性增长,但对比两类加热事件来看,增长速度随加热频率增大而减小。加热效应存在显著的二维分布特征,加热最强方向处在场向附近。加热效应受加热天线波束指向与地磁场的夹角影响明显,随夹角增大温度增强效应减弱。     

冬季北极涛动和北极海冰变化对东亚气候变化的影响

本文简要回顾了冬季北极涛动 (北大西洋涛动 )和北极海冰面积变化对东亚气候变化的影响、研究中存在的问题以及目前亟待解决的科学问题。     

黄河海港动力地貌条件的初步探讨

在黄河海港选址及未来预测中,作者通过海岸动力、悬沙分布、粒度特征、地形对比研究法等分析,获得了黄河口迁离黄河海港附近8年后的海底蚀淤厚度、侵蚀与淤积速率、净余侵蚀总重量、泥沙活动带的活动规律与海岸剖面塑造及其演变的关系,从而为黄河海港的设置与工程布局提供了科学依据。     

Estimated mass and stiffness matrices of shear building from modal test data

A method that estimates mass and stiffness matrices of shear building from modal test data is presented in this paper. The method depends on only measurable points that are less in number than the total structural degrees of freedom, and on the first two orders of structural mode measured. So it is applicable to most of the general test. Based on this method modal data of unmeasurable points are estimated, then global mass and stiffness matrices of structure are obtained by using the first two orders of modal data. Taking advantage of iteration the optimum global mass and stiffness matrices are gained. Finally, an example is studied in this paper. Its result shows that this method is reliable. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Methane hydrate formation comparisons in media with and without a water source supply

Water is a necessary element during gas hydrate formations. Therefore, by analyzing water depletion changes in media, the reaction characteristics of methane hydrate in media can be studied. In this study, two water sources supplying some liquid water which may be consumed by the methane hydrate formation reactions were designed and assembled. Using them, the full formation processes of methane hydrate was studied. Experimental results show the following： If heat released from nucleation reaction of methane hydrate is diffused rapidly, the nucleation ratios will be enhanced discernibly. While the hydrate is formed, a force is generated that sucks fresh water from the source into the vicinity of the hydrate, slowing down the cementation process and causing some hydrate grain dissociation. As a result of cementation differences, the hydrate reaction processes with different water sources present linear or quadratic equation characteristics. After a few repeated dissociation and formation processes of some hydrate grains caused by the fresh water, the gas amounts contained in hydrate will be significantly enhanced.     

STUDIES ON TERRACES AND RIVER SYSTEM CHANGES OF THE UPPER YELLOW RIVER

Ｉ.ＴｈｅＴｅｒｒａｃｅｓｏｆｔｈｅＵｐｐｅｒＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒＴｈｅｔｅｒｒａｃｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｕｐｐｅｒＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒａｒｅｍｏｓｔｌｙｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｅｄａｌｏｎｇｔｈｅｗｉｄｅｒｃｏｕｒｓｅｓｉｎｓｅｖｅｒａｌＭｅｓｏｚｏｉｃＣｅｎｏｚｏｉｃｂａｓｉｎｓ(Ｆｉｇｕｒｅ1).1.ＴｅｒｒａｃｅｓｂｅｔｗｅｅｎＮｇｏｒｉｎｇＬａｋｅａｎｄＧｙａｒｉｎｇＬａｋｅＴｈｅｓｕｒｆａｃｅｌａｙｅｒｓｏｆｔｈｅｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｉｎｔｈｅｗｉｄｅａｎｄｓｈａｌｌｏｗｂａｓｉｎｓｗｈｅｒｅｔｈｅＹｅｌｌ…     

不同无机晶须/PVC复合材料力学性能的研究

采用溶液共混法制备出硼酸镁晶须(MBOw)、硼酸钙晶须(Ca BOw)、硼酸铜铝晶须(Cu Al BOw)、碱式硫酸镁晶须(MOSw)、碳酸钙晶须(Ca CO3w)及硫酸钙晶须(Ca SO4w)增强的PVC复合材料,研究不同晶须对PVC力学性能的影响。采用扫描电镜分析PVC复合材料的拉伸断面及晶须分散情况。结果表明,除MOS外其它晶须对PVC的拉伸强度和弹性模量有不同程度的提高,MBOw对PVC复合材料的增强效果最显著,当MBOw含量为20%时,所得复合材料力学性能最佳,拉伸强度和弹性模量与纯PVC比较分别提高了38.08%和71.43%。     

Lake Area Changes and the main causes in the hinterland of Badain Jaran Desert during 1973–2010, China

Lake area information in the Badain Jaran Desert in 1973, 1990, 2000, and 2010 was obtained by visual interpretation and water index analysis of remote sensing images, based on the spatial and temporal characteristics of lake area changes during 37 years. Results indicated that the number of lakes declined from 94 to 82 and the total surface area was reduced by 3.69 km² during 1973–2010. The desert lake area reduced by different degrees in different periods, but this occurred most rapidly during 1973–1990. According to the statistics of lake area changes, lake area decreases mainly occurred in the lakes with areas less than 0.2 km², while the areas of lakes greater than 0.9 km² only fluctuated. The changes of lake areas were probably due to changes in the quantity of underground water supplies rather than the effects of local climate change or human factors.     

许昌新区建设的理念及可持续发展规划

随着城市化的进程,城市可持续发展已经成为人们关注的热点问题。以可持续发展为系统目标,统筹考虑区域经济、社会、环境、资源等要素,通过构建城市新区经济—社会—生态系统,规划许昌新区。遵循以人为本、生态和谐、城乡统筹和可持续发展的理念,提出了公平和谐、产—城融合、田园生态、城乡统筹、林水一体、延续文脉的许昌新区可持续发展规划,推动许昌新区建设。     

从硫酸锂粗矿中分离富集锂的实验研究

针对从西藏查波措盐湖卤水中获得的硫酸锂粗矿,开展从该矿物中分离提取锂的研究。根据该矿物的组成,设计了去除与锂离子共存的镁、硫酸根等主要离子的工艺路线,通过除镁、硫酸根、钙等过程和蒸发浓缩、结晶分离等步骤,得到了杂质离子含量较低的富锂溶液。实验对除镁步骤的加水量、加料方式、反应时间、Ca O加入量等反应关键控制因素进行了考察,确定了较优的分离条件。