Lead isotope geochemical characteristics of Pb-Zn-Cu deposits on the southwestern margin of Tarim, and their significance

The polymetallic(Pb,Zn,Cu,etc) ore belt on the southwestern margin of Tarim is one of the major regions with the greatest prospecting potential in Xinjiang.Reported in this paper are the lead isotope data for 66 sulfide samples(including 50 galena samples,15 chalcopyrite samples and 1 pyrite sample) collected from such representative deposits as Tamu,Tiekelike,Kalangu,Abalieke,etc.in this ore belt.The Pb isotopic ratios of 206 Pb/204 Pb,207 Pb/204 Pb and 208 Pb/204 Pb in the galena samples range from 17.931 to 18.176,15.609 to 15.818 and 38.197 to 38.944,with the average values of 18.017,15.684 and 38.462,respectively.Those in the chalcopyrite samples range from 17.926 to 18.144,15.598 to 15.628 and 38.171 to 38.583,with the average values of 18.020,15.606 and 38.262,respectively.The pyrite sample has the Pb isotopic ratios of 206 Pb/204 Pb,207 Pb/204 Pb and 208 Pb/204 Pb to be 17.980,15.604 and 38.145,respectively.In combination with the previous Pb isotope data for sulfides,it is found that there is only a slight variation in the Pb isotopic composition of galena,chalcopyrite,sphalerite and pyrite in the ore belt.However,there is some difference in Pb isotopic characteristics between galena and chalcopyrite,especially the Pb isotopic composition of galena shows an obvious linear correlation with some other relevant parameters(e.g.β and γ).The comprehensive analysis suggested that lead in galena(maybe including sphalerite and pyrite) was derived principally from wall rocks and underlying basement,and that in chalcopyrite only originated from the basement.The single-stage model ages of these sulfides couldn’t indicate the time limit of metallogenesis(Pb,Zn,Cu,etc.),and the positive linear correlations for the Pb isotopic composition of galena are of no single-stage and two-stage Pb-Pb isochron significance.Furthermore,there are significant differences in Pb isotopic composition characteristics between the genetic type of deposits in this polymetallic ore belt and the Mississippi Valley type(MVT).In addition,the authors also pointed out that there is a phenomenon of differentiation(not paragenesis) for lead and copper elements during the process of metallogenesis in this ore belt.     

新疆罗布泊盐湖氢氧锶硫同位素地球化学及钾矿成矿物质来源

罗布泊罗北凹地第四系上部盐层中蕴藏丰富的卤水,卤水中则富含钾（ＫＣｌ平均品位为１．４０％）。文章通过对罗布泊卤水氢、氧、锶及硫同位素等分析及与塔里木盆地（河流）、柴达木盆地等地区对比研究,确定了罗布泊富钾卤水源于地表水,可能主要是塔里木盆地南北缘河流水;卤水中的硫钾等物质组分主要来源于南天山、塔里木盆地西北、西南部中新生代石膏钙芒硝石盐矿床或地层及其古代地层卤水。由于第四纪期间塔里木盆地西部抬升。     

峡东埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组稳定碳同位素记录及其年代地层意义

基于峡东秭归青林口、泗溪和宜昌晓峰河埃迪卡拉系下部陡山沱组剖面岩石、层序和精细的碳同位素地层研究,在埃迪卡拉系下部陡山沱组底部、下部、中部、上部和顶部分别识别出5次以灰岩出现或黑色页岩增厚为标志的海侵事件,划分出5个可以进行区域对比的三级层序,自下而上分别命名为BDSS,LDSS,MDSS,UDSS和TDSS。以层序界面为对比标志,峡东埃迪卡拉纪不同古地理部位碳同位素组成变化的对比显示峡东埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组中内部发育5次可以进行区域乃至全球对比的碳同位素负异常,分别是分布在BDSS下部的SN1,LDSS上部的SN2,MDSS上部和顶部的SN3和SN4,以及分布在UDSS上部的SN5。其中SN1和SN4碳同位素负偏离最为明显,最小δ13C分别达到-4‰~-5‰和-9‰~-10‰,分别与Marinoan冰期上覆盖帽白云岩以及Gaskier冰碛沉积上、下地层中的碳同位素组成特点接近。SN4是埃迪卡拉系最晚冰期的产物。与SN1是埃迪卡拉系底界划分对比的标志相对比,SN4的出现应该是埃迪卡拉系内部再划分中另一个不可忽视的界线标志。     

基于PS-InSAR的输电塔结构及沿线地质监测技术

我国电力建设发展迅速,电力输送设施建设通常会跨越恶劣地质条件区域,这些区域易发生地质灾害,从而引起输电铁塔基础结构产生形变,严重威胁高压输电线路的运行安全.本文使用合成孔径雷达影像,应用永久散射体差分干涉测量(PS-InSAR)技术对高压输电塔结构及其沿线地表进行形变监测.使用相干系数阈值法来确定研究区域的永久散射体点...     

Effects of inhibitors on ferricyanide uptake and assimilation by plants

Effects of inhibitors on uptake and assimilation of ferricyanide by different plants were investigated. Detached roots of plants were kept in a closed-dark hydroponic system with ferricyanide solution amended with various inhibitors. Dissociation of ferricyanide to free cyanide and iron in solution was negligible. The application of inhibitors affected both botanical assimilation and uptake of ferricyanide. Of the inhibitors tested, silver nitrate showed a significantly inhibitory effect on ferricyanide uptake by rice, soybean and maize (P < 0.01), while a negligible effect was found in willows spiked with the same inhibitor (P > 0.05). However, lanthanum chloride showed the most severe effect on botanical assimilation of ferricyanide by maize and rice (P < 0.01), whereas silver nitrate and tetraethylammonium chloride were the most sensitive inhibitors to soybean and willows, respectively (P < 0.01). Botanical assimilation of ferricyanide was observed positively in responses to temperatures, in which maize was more susceptible than other selected plants. In conclusion, application of inhibitors has a substantial influence on the uptake and assimilation of ferricyanide by plants, and the inhibitory efficiency is highly dependent on the species of inhibitors applied.     

内蒙古大青山地区英安岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

在内蒙古大青山地区逆冲推覆构造所截切的英安岩中获得锆石~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb表面年龄加权平均值为1870±19Ma,认为英安岩为华北克拉通古元古代末—新元古代一次裂解事件的产物.同时,据安山岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和度(102)较好的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U表面年龄436±4Ma及英安岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和度(104)较好的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U表面年龄153±2Ma和160±2Ma,表明大青山地区逆冲推覆构造存在构造复活或构造追踪现象。这一认识为大青山地区逆冲推覆构造的研究积累了新的资料,提供了新的研究思路。     

连续GPS观测中的相关噪声分析

分析了中国地壳运动观测网络GPS基准站位置时间序列中相关噪声的特性.利用最大似然估计反演了幂指数噪声的谱指数;考察了多种噪声模型,发现除闪烁噪声之外,约50%台站的东分量中的相关噪声可用"随机漫步噪声+一阶高斯-马尔可夫噪声"模型来描述,与其它分析机构产出的全球解并不一致,显示出处理策略的不同能够造成相关噪声的差异.白噪声和闪烁噪声的大小存在明显的地理分异,东南沿海台站的噪声要大于西北内陆台站.考虑相关噪声时,各站的速率估计方差要增大一个数量级以上,水平分量多在1mm/a以内,而垂向分量则较大.     

低低跟踪重力卫星高精度微波测距系统数据预处理与分析

本文研究低低跟踪重力卫星任务核心微波测距系统的数据预处理与分析方法, 实现关键载波频率不稳定性噪声的高效抑制, 以及相关干扰、偏差的消除和矫正.依据理论分析成果, 研发了相关处理与分析程序.本研究所完成的双频双向单程测距数据产品与GRACE Follow-On官方产品的残差远小于载荷设计精度指标, 满足重力场反演的精度需求.针对最终数据产品中电子学噪声、系统噪声等噪声, 讨论评估与分析方法.本文通过引入电离层自由电子含量的空间非均匀性的频域分析方法, 利用星间微波测距数据, 实现针对自由电子含量的不同空间尺度变化行为及其全球分布特征的分析能力, 从新视角为电离层的深入研究提供数据支撑.本研究可为我国低低跟踪重力卫星任务微波测距系统的数据预处理与分析提供相关技术积累和参考.

     

等离子体层嘶声对槽区电子的弹跳共振散射效应

等离子体波动与带电粒子的共振相互作用一直是磁层物理学的研究热点.作为一种常见的宽频、右旋极化等离子体波动, 等离子体层嘶声在地球磁层电子的损失过程中起到了重要作用.其中, 嘶声波对电子的回旋共振散射被认为是辐射带槽区形成的主要机制, 而人们对嘶声波与电子的弹跳共振机制的理解却相对匮乏.本文旨在细致研究嘶声波与槽区电子的弹跳共振相互作用, 明确其对槽区电子动态演化过程的影响.研究发现, 嘶声波与电子的弹跳共振可以造成槽区电子在高投掷角(80°~90°)处明显的投掷角扩散.相比于低能(＜~100 keV)电子, 嘶声波引起的高能(＞~100 keV)电子的弹跳共振效应明显更强.槽区电子的弹跳共振投掷角扩散系数对于L-shell、地磁活动条件和共振阶数都有着很强的依赖性.随着L-shell的增大和地磁活动的增强, 嘶声波对电子的弹跳共振散射效应显著增强.对于低能电子, 共振阶数对总散射系数的贡献随阶数的升高而增大; 而对于低L-shell处的高能电子, 共振阶数对总散射系数的贡献随阶数的升高而呈现先增大后减小的趋势.嘶声波与槽区电子的弹跳共振相互作用可以有效地将高投掷角电子散射到较低的投掷角上, 进而在回旋共振机制的协助下将它们散射到损失锥中.因此, 未来在地球槽区电子动力学建模过程中有必要考虑等离子体层嘶声对电子的弹跳共振散射效应.

     

大别造山带红安地块康家湾构造混杂岩锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

扬子克拉通北缘中元古代—新元古代地质构造演化一直是地学界研究的热点。本文报道了大别造山带红安地块康家湾混杂岩中榴闪岩岩块和含石榴子石白云钠长片岩基质中锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成。结果表明,康家湾混杂岩中榴闪岩岩块的原岩形成时间为1064±10 Ma,且经历了183±3 Ma的流体作用过程;中元古代锆石Hf同位素组成(ε_Hf(t)=4.7～12.3)接近当时的亏损地幔值,指示榴闪岩原岩(玄武质岩石)可能来自亏损的地幔源区部分熔融作用;混杂基质中碎屑锆石年龄谱可大致分为2576 Ma、2065～1698 Ma、1071～560 Ma和254～156 Ma四组,暗示其物源可能主要来自于近源的秦岭-大别造山带前寒武纪基底;基质中最年轻的岩浆锆石年龄为～240 Ma,表明康家湾混杂岩的最终就位时间可能在晚三叠世到早侏罗世之间。综合秦岭-大别造山带新元古代构造演化过程,本研究认为大别造山带红安地块与扬子克拉通庙湾蛇绿岩、神农架弧等共同构成了一套中元古代末期—新元古代早期岛弧增生造山体系,从而支持扬子克拉通可能由一系列微陆块逐渐拼合而成。