震害现场紧急卫星通讯系统的研究和建设

本文研究了应用VSAT技术建立大震现场紧急通讯系统的设计和实施方案,规定了该系统应实现的功能。在此基础上,提出了建立我国未来陆地地震救灾移动卫星通讯计划,并对一些关键技术和为移动用户可能提供的通讯业务进行了讨论。     

Sea-Level Change Over the China Sea and Its Vicinity Derived from 25-Year T/P Series Altimeter Data

The characteristics of sea-level change in the China Sea and its vicinity are studied by combining TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P), Jason-1, Jason-2, and Jason-3 altimeter data. First, the sea-surface height is computed by using monthly data via collinear adjustment, regional selection, and crossover adjustment. The sea-level anomaly (SLA) from October 1992 to July 2017 is calculated based on the difference that is obtained by the value derived from the inverse distance weighting method to interpolate the CNES_CLS15 model value at a normal point. By analyzing the satellite data at the same time in orbit, three mean bias groups over the China Sea and its vicinity are obtained: the difference between T/P and Jason-1 is ??11.76 cm, the difference between Jason-1 and Jason-2 is 9.6 cm, and the difference between Jason-2 and Jason-3 is 2.42 cm. To establish an SLA series for 25 years in the study area, the SLAs are corrected. Mean rate of sea-level rise of the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea of 4.87 mm/a, 2.68 mm/a, 2.88 mm/a, and 4.67 mm/a, respectively, is found by analyzing the series of SLAs.     

LiDAR不同强度校正法对樟子松叶面积指数估测的影响

机载激光雷达（LiDAR）强度数据在获取过程中受多种因素影响,各因素影响的有效量化及校正对机载LiDAR强度校正及应用具有重要意义。本文以雷达方程为基础,分别采用距离、入射角及距离和入射角对LiDAR点云强度进行校正,从中提取冠层总强度和强度比值两类参数,用于估测森林叶面积指数（LAI）,以期量化各影响因素强度校正对不同类型参数估测森林LAI的影响。结果表明：强度经距离校正能够提高森林LAI的估测精度,而强度经数字高程模型衍生入射角校正非但没能提高估测精度,反而降低了估测精度。强度经距离和入射角综合校正虽能提高森林LAI的估测精度,但结果却低于距离单独校正的结果。与此同时,对冠层总强度参数而言,强度校正前后森林LAI估测结果的差异较为明显,而对强度比值参数而言,强度校正前后森林LAI估测结果差异不大。综上可知,不同因素强度校正对森林LAI估测的影响不同,且影响程度与所用参数变量类型密切相关。因此,在未来强度应用研究中,应根据变量参数类型选择合适的校正方式,以避免不恰当校正造成的成本浪费及精度降低。     

移动防汛应急Mobile GIS系统设计与实现

基于移动终端的防汛信息查询系统应用广泛,但由于实际防汛抢险业务的复杂性,满足防汛应急工作全生命周期业务的处理软件仍不完善。针对这一现状,本文提出移动防汛应急Mobile GIS系统的设计架构与实现方式。首先,确立以Android主活动、自定义View以及全局Application作为系统的基础底层框架,其中主活动负责防汛多业务逻辑之间的信息交换,由自定义View衍生出的Dialog等视图层实现信息展示,全局Application实现数据的统一调度管理。其次,在此基础框架上构建案件处理、汛情信息查询、预警信息推送三大功能层;最后对防汛多源异构数据处理分析的关键技术进行探究,提出了切实可行的实现方案并实践应用。     

Numerical simulation of the Rongcharong paleolandslide river-blocking event: implication for the longevity of the landslide dam

Landslides - Numerous paleolandslide dams are distributed along the upper reaches of the Jinsha River under the special geological setting of the Tibetan Plateau. A field investigation revealed...     

Kinematic-based failure angle analysis for discontinuity-controlled rock slope instabilities: a case study of Ren Yi Peak Cluster in Fusong County,China

Natural Hazards - Failure angle, also called maximum safe slope angle, is an important design parameter for rock slope stability analysis and slope excavation. This study aims to scientifically...     

Design of optimal sand fences around a desert solar park—a case study from Phase IV of the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park

Natural Hazards - Solar energy parks in desert areas must resist the encroachment of moving sand and burial by migrating dunes. It is therefore important to design economical, effective sand fences...     

Interpreting the Influence of Reservoir Water Level Fluctuation on the Seepage and Stability of an Ancient Landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area: A Case Study of the Outang Landslide

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - The periodic reservoir water level (RWL) fluctuation on bank slopes during water impoundment in Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) may lead to the reactivation...     

塔河六七区鹰山组-巴楚组混积特征研究

受加里东期-海西期构造运动及持续海平面升降变化影响,塔河油田六七区沉积环境复杂多变,中下奥陶统鹰山组和下石炭统巴楚组发育陆屑-碳酸盐混积岩。结合岩心、薄片及测井资料综合分析,混积岩据混积强度分为混积型碳酸盐岩、混积型碎屑岩、高度混积岩。据沉积背景及沉积特征,混积岩成因类型可分为岩溶穿插再沉积型(岩溶型)和相缘渐变型(相变型)。其中,混积型碳酸盐岩和混积型碎屑岩为岩溶成因,高度混积岩为相变成因。此外,混积岩储集空间发育,储集类型主要包括原生粒间孔、次生溶蚀孔缝和构造裂隙,岩溶型混积岩较相变型混积岩储集性能较好。混积岩孔缝中见含油显示,相关油气意义值得进一步研究。     

中国西南岩溶生态系统特征与石漠化综合治理对策

以贵州省为核心的中国西南岩溶区面临双重危机：生态恶劣,石漠化严重;人口贫困,全国1/3强的贫困县分布在该地区。石漠化综合治理需要从岩溶生态系统结构和运行规律出发,重点关注岩溶地下水的开发和可持续利用,水土保持和土壤改良,植被恢复和可适应性的经济植物选择,力求区域生态经济双赢、农民脱贫致富。