基于TerrSolid对机载雷达DEM重提取方法研究

DEM的提取是激光雷达数据采集的重要用途之一,但由于目前算法的局限性,无法高精度地自动分类,如何在算法分类的基础上重新进行人工分类,以一定的原则和标准进行重提取从而得到更高精度的DEM,仍然是专业领域的一大难题。本文对某.LAS数据重提取,极大提高了其DEM的精度,为今后相关单位和个人使用TerrSolid软件对机载雷达DEM重提取提供一些经验。     

空基GPS遥感地球大气参数方法研究

探讨了空基无线电掩星技术应用于遥感地球大气参数方法，并将该方法编制成资料处理软件。对实测资料进行处理和分析后，给出了地球大气参数反演结果。发现指数函数外推法引入数据处理后大大改进了大气温度的归算结果，而对气压归算的影响却很小。比对结果显示我们的遥感结果同国外有关结果基本相符。     

基于小波多分辨率分析方法的海冰遥感影像数据融合

采用小波多分辨率分析方法，对辽东湾2000－01－18的海冰遥感数据（NOAA／ARHRR和Radarsat/ScanSAR)进行了融合分析，并从几方面对结果作了深入的分析和对比。文中首次采用了小波分析中的多层次分解和重构技术用于数据融合分析。     

COMBINED GPS/GLONASS PRECISE POSITIONING FOR LONG-DISTANCE BASELINES

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｄＧＰＳ/ＧＬＯＮＡＳＳｏｆｆｅｒｓｍａｎｙａｄ ｖａｎｔａｇｅｓｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｗｉｔｈＧＰＳ＿ｏｎｌｙｕｓｅｆｏｒｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ ｉｎｇａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙｉｎａｒｅａｓｗｈｅｒｅｔｈｅｎｕｍ ｂｅｒｏｆｖｉｓｉｂｌｅｓａｔｅｌｌｉｔｅｓｉｓｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ .ＴｈｅｉｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅＧＬＯＮＡＳＳｓｉｇｎａｌｓｃａｎｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｔｈｅａｃｃｕｒａｃｙｏｆｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｔｈｅａｖａｉｌａｂ…     

SEMIAUTOMATIC BUILDING EXTRACTION FROM STEREO IMAGE PAIR BASED ON LINES GROUPING AND LEAST SQUARES MATCHING

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ,ｍａｎｙｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌｄｉｇｉｔａｌｐｈｏｔｏｇｒａｍ ｍｅｔｒｉｃｗｏｒｋｓｔａｔｉｏｎｓ (ＤＰＷ )ｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄａｎｄａｐｐｌｉｅｄｉｎｔｏｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ .Ｍｏｓｔｏｆｔｈｅｍｃａｎａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃａｌｌｙ ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｅｄｉｇｉｔａｌｔｅｒｒａｉｎｍｏｄｅｌ(ＤＴＭ)ａｎｄｄｉｇｉｔａｌｏｒｔｈｏ＿ｉｍａｇｅ (ＤＯＭ ) ,ｂｕｔｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｎｏｔａｎｙｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｗｈｉｃｈｃａｎａｕｔｏｍａ…     

中巴地球资源卫星在辽东区域环境监测中的应用评价研究

对中巴资源一号卫星 CCD传感器接收的辽宁省营口幅数据 ,从几何精度、空间分辨率、数据噪声等方面 ,进行了图像数据质量评价 ,认为从总体上讲 ,达到了设计要求 ,具有广阔的应用前景 ,同时指出 ,CCD传感器在稳定性和同一性方面尚需改进     

Size and spatial distribution of loess slides on the Chinese Loess Plateau

ABSTRACT

The size and spatial distribution of loess slides are important for estimating the yield of eroded materials and determining the landslide risk. While previous studies have investigated landslide size distributions, the spatial distribution pattern of landslides at different spatial scales is poorly understood. The results indicate that the loess slide distribution exhibits a power-law scaling across a range of the size distribution. The mean landslide size and size distribution in the different geomorphic types are different. The double Pareto and inverse gamma functions can coincide well with the empirical probability distribution of the loess slide areas and can quantitatively reveal the rollover location, maximum probability, and scaling exponents. The frequency of loess slides increases with mean monthly precipitation. Moreover, point distance analysis showed that > 80% of landslides are located < 3 km from other loess slides. We found that the loess slides at the two study sites (Zhidan and Luochuan County) in northern Shaanxi Province, China show a significant clustered distribution. Furthermore, analysis results of the correlated fractal dimension show that the landslides exhibit a dispersed distribution at smaller spatial scales and a clustered distribution at larger spatial scales.     

Methods Comparison for Microsatellite Marker Development： Different Isolation Methods, Different Yield Efficiency

Microsatellite markers have become one kind of the most important molecular tools used in various researches. A large number of microsatellite markers are required for the whole genome survey in the fields of molecular ecology, quantitative genetics and genomics. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to select several versatile, low-cost, efficient and time- and labor-saving methods to develop a large panel of microsatellite markers. In this study, we used Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) as the target species to compare the efficiency of the five methods derived from three strategies for microsatellite marker development. The results showed that the strategy of constructing small insert genomic DNA library resulted in poor efficiency, while the microsatellite-enriched strategy highly improved the isolation efficiency. Although the mining public database strategy is time- and cost-saving, it is difficult to obtain a large number of microsatellite markers, mainly due to the limited sequence data of non-model species deposited in public databases. Based on the results in this study, we recommend two methods, microsatellite-enriched library construction method and FIASCO-colony hybridization method, for large-scale microsatellite marker development. Both methods were derived from the mi-crosatellite-enriched strategy. The experimental results obtained from Zhikong scallop also provide the reference for microsatellite marker development in other species with large genomes.     

柴达木盆地东北缘中中新世以来古气候变化

全球变冷、青藏高原隆升以及特提斯洋海退被认为是控制亚洲大陆新生代气候变化的三大因素,然而由于长时间尺度古气候记录的匮乏,对于三者影响的认识并不清晰。柴达木盆地是青藏高原北部最大的一个封闭盆地,发育巨厚且连续的新生代地层,详细记录了周缘山体构造隆升过程和区域气候演化历史。本文通过柴达木盆地东北缘怀头他拉剖面的中中新世-早更新世沉积物气候代用指标碳酸盐、硫酸根和氯离子含量分析,显示该研究区中中新世以来气候变化经历了15.3~13.0Ma相对湿润、13.0~6.6Ma半干旱-半湿润和6.6~1.8Ma干旱的3个演化阶段。结合生物特征和前人研究成果,认为柴达木盆地干旱化历史可能从中中新世13Ma左右开始逐步发展,而真正意义上的干旱化始于6.6Ma以来。全球变冷是控制柴达木盆地干旱气候形成和发展的主导因素,同时青藏高原晚期持续阶段性的强烈隆升起到了催化剂的作用。     

三角剪切断层传播褶皱在祁连山北缘断裂中的应用:以黑河口断层为例

逆冲断层运动学过程研究可为造山作用和盆地演化提供重要的信息。位于青藏高原东北缘的祁连山北缘逆冲断裂（NFT）是一条主要的边界断裂,控制着祁连山晚新生代以来的隆升变形,但对于该断裂系统的运动学过程缺乏研究。甘肃张掖西南莺落峡附近,黑河口断层（祁连山北缘断裂的一部分）穿过红沙沟并导致其阶地面错断和褶皱变形。为了研究该区域褶皱变形特征和断层运动学过程,我们首先在红沙沟区域进行了详细的野外考察并对变形的地层和阶地面进行了测量,然后通过数值模拟方法来验证褶皱模型。红沙沟保存有9级河流阶地,利用差分GPS对阶地面的高程进行了测量,同时在野外测量了部分地层的产状。多处断层剖面表明该区域变形属于基底卷入的构造类型,另外变形的阶地面在近断层处表现出明显的褶皱形态。结合阶地面变形特征以及地层的变形,三角剪切断层传播褶皱模型被初步用于该区域构造变形的解释。模型模拟得到自T5、T6和T7形成以来断层滑动量分别是 44±7m、59±10m和 164±28m;结合T6年代得到自约9万年以来该断层的平均滑动速率为 0.68±0.19mm/a,垂直分量为 0.58±0.13mm/a。根据地层与阶地变形特征,并结合模型模拟结果,我们认为祁连山山前基底断层卷入的构造中,在断层出露地表之前,断层顶端存在一个分散式的三角形变形区,区域的应力状态控制着下伏地层和上覆地貌面的褶皱变形。