西天山海西中期花岗岩的地质特征及其构造环境

海西中期花岗岩是西天山加里东褶皱带内规模最大的一次岩浆活动。本文从岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学和地球化学等方面对该期花岗岩的成因类型、岩浆起源和形成的构造环境进行了探讨，认为海西中期花岗岩以Ｉ型为主，Ｓ型次之，在空间上成对分布，花岗岩浆起源于地壳；海西中期花岗岩形成于活动大陆边缘岛孤环境．     

地理空间关系描述与集成推理

地理要素的空间关系在GIS空间数据建模、空间分析、地图自动综合等方面起着重要的作用,研究如何快速判断要素间空间关系是否发生变化,从而有效维护空间关系具有重要的科学意义.本文对目前现有的有关地理空间关系描述及其集成推理的研究成果进行了综合分析与分类,分析了它们的适应性与特点,并就本研究方向存在的问题和今后需要解决的问题提出了一些看法和思路.     

松辽盆地长岭断陷中基性火山岩的时代与其成因

锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,松辽盆地长岭断陷松南180井中基性火山岩形成于101～116 Ma的早白垩世晚期,属于营城组,非火石岭组火山岩。岩相学观察主要由安山岩和橄榄玄武岩组成,化学成分显示为玄武岩、粗面玄武岩和玄武质粗面安山岩,属碱性系列,镁质量分数较低,镁值较小（Mg^#=0.27~0.53）。稀土元素总量较高（w（∑REE）=（164.98~257.27）×10^-6）,轻重稀土分馏明显（（La/Yb）_N=6.60~10.96）,铕异常微弱（δEu=0.85~1.02）。富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素, Rb,K 相对亏损,相容元素（Cr、Co、Ni）质量分数低,高场强元素Nb、Ta弱富集,整体表现出与 OIB(洋岛玄武岩)一致的稀土图谱和微量元素特征。岩浆源区为软流圈地幔,经历了深部地幔流体的交代富集作用,岩浆未遭受地壳物质的混染。     

Diurnal Variations of Hydrochemistry in a Travertine-depositing Stream at Baishuitai, Yunnan, SW China

Diurnal variations of hydrochemistry were monitored at a spring and two pools in a travertine-depositing stream at Baishuitai, Yunnan, SW China. Water temperature, pH and specific conductivity were measured in intervals of 5 and 30 min for periods of 1 to 2 days. From these data the concentrations of Ca²⁺, HCO₃⁻, calcite saturation index, and CO₂ partial pressure were derived. The measurements in the spring of the stream did not show any diurnal variations in the chemical composition of the water. Diurnal variations, however, were observed in the water of the two travertine pools downstream. In one of them, a rise in temperature (thus more CO₂ degassing) during day time and consumption of CO₂ due to photosynthesis of submerged aquatic plants accelerated deposition of calcite, whereas in the other pool, where aquatic plants flourished and grew out of the water (so photosynthesis was taking place in the atmosphere), the authors suggest that temperature-dependent root respiration underwater took place, which dominated until noon. Consequently, due to the release of CO₂ by the root respiration into water, which dominated CO₂ production by degassing induced by temperature increase, the increased dissolution of calcite was observed. This is the first time anywhere at least in China that the effect of root respiration on diurnal hydrochemical variations has been observed. The finding has implications for sampling strategy within travertine-depositing streams and other similar environments with stagnant water bodies such as estuaries, lakes, reservoirs, pools and wetlands, where aquatic plants may flourish and grow out of water.     

Target setting and allocation of carbon emissions abatement based on DEA and closest target: an application to 20 APEC economies

Regarded as an effective method for treating the global warming problem, carbon emissions abatement (CEA) allocation has become a hot research topic and has drawn great attention recently. However, the traditional CEA allocation methods generally set efficient targets for the decision-making units (DMUs) using the farthest targets, which neglects the DMUs’ unwillingness to maximize (minimize) some of their inputs (outputs). In addition, the total CEA level is usually subjectively determined without any consideration of the current carbon emission situations of the DMUs. To surmount these deficiencies, we incorporate data envelopment analysis and its closest target technique into the CEA allocation problem. Firstly, a two-stage approach is proposed for setting the optimal total CEA level for the DMUs. Then, another two-stage approach is given for allocating the identified optimal total CEA among the DMUs. Our approach provides more flexibility when setting new input and output targets for the DMUs in CEA allocation. Finally, the proposed approaches are applied for CEA target setting and allocation for 20 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation economies.

     

地气法－找深部金矿的新方法

介绍一种八十年代发展起来的找深部金矿的新方法一地气法。文中讨论了地气法的找矿机理，认为是地壳中上升气流将成矿元素微粒携带至地表而造成多元素异常。对工作方法着重讨论了地气采样与测试的系统，以及比较了积累式取样的效果。最后列出山东招远地区大尹格庄金矿８０号勘探线的地气测量多元素异常图。     

基于POI数据的长沙市生活性服务业空间格局研究

生活性服务业是服务经济的重要组成部分,其合理布局对发展城市经济、满足居民消费需求具有重要作用。基于长沙市六区POI数据,运用核密度分析、熵指数、频数密度分析及空间聚类等方法研究长沙市生活性服务业的空间格局特征,发现长沙市生活性服务业的分布具有以下特点：1）主要受交通及城市规划指向性影响,沿交通主干道集聚分布,整体布局呈“一核四轴多极”且空间分布与人口集中度联系紧密,东西差异明显,东部多而密集、西部少而分散;2）不同类型的生活性服务业分布特征各异,在空间形态上主要表现为“单核心”、“双核心”和“多核心”等;3）其功能多样性布局呈现以五一广场为核心的“中心-外围”结构特征,功能多样且混合程度高的区域位于城市中心,城市边缘区生活性服务业集聚性较弱且多为单一功能或者双功能混合区。     

The Origin and Acceleration of ~3He and Heavy Ions in the 2000 July 14 Event

1INTRODUCTIONEnrichment of3He and heavy ions(i.e.,Ne,Mg,Si and Fe),characteristic of impulsive?ares,have beenstudied for more than three decades.It is found that they are generally associated with nonthermal energeticelectron-rich events(Reames et al.1988;Reames1999and references therein;Ho et al.2001;Wang et al.2006)and are related to the peculiar ratio of charge to mass(Mazur et al.1996;Reames1999).Althoughthe abundance of3He ions is not correlated with the abundance of heavy ions,s…     

基于MapXtrme2004的WebGIS系统的研究与开发

本文通过介绍.NET框架用于Web开发的主要技术ASP.NET和ADO.NET的技术优点以及MapInfo公司针对.NET环境开发的新组件Mapxtreme2004,通过分析Mapxtreme2004的结构组成总结了Mapxtreme2004用于WebGIS开发的主要方法类的用途,并着重研究了在.Net框架下利用Mapxtreme2004进行WebGIS开发的可行性及主要功能特点。     

湍流度随高度的变化及其对城市宏观地形的依赖

分别构建广州主建成区垂直比例尺为1﹕2 000、1﹕1 000和1﹕500的3个建筑物模型,利用大型边界层风洞,在西北和东南两风向下,基于中性流模拟分析了复杂城市地形下湍流度随高度的变化及其对宏观地形的依赖。结果表明：风廓线指数α与不同高度的湍流度之间的关系密切,利用现有模型,根据4类粗糙度边界层和不同垂直比例尺,可确定相应的湍流度随高度变化模型的主要系数,预测精度高。城市地形下最大湍流度面发育在0~0.2 h之间狭窄的范围内。用湍流度形态指数β来表征湍流度随高度的变化,无论城市屋脊还是平坦地形,随着风程区的延伸,廓线的指数α升高,湍流度形态指数β降低。表明同一高度湍流度值具有由迎风区、丘顶区向背风区增高,沿风程逐渐增大的规律,对地形部位和风程的依赖性强,与来流翻越简单地形时的特征一致。