察尔汗盐湖线形沙丘沙物质来源及输移路径

采用地球化学元素方法,探讨了察尔汗盐湖北岸线形沙丘的沙物质来源,并对区域物质输移路径进行了讨论。结果表明：戈壁、雅丹廊道流沙和线形沙丘的常量元素均以SiO₂、Al₂O₃和CaO为主,微量元素均以Cl、Ba、Sr和Co含量较高;线形沙丘与戈壁表层沉积物的常量与微量元素的UCC标准化值分布模式均较一致,且与距盐湖较近的雅丹廊道流沙也存在一定程度的相似性;沉积物的化学风化程度较弱,均处于早期的脱Na、Ca阶段,且在A-CN-K三角图中均位于大陆风化趋势线的反向延长线上,可能代表河流溶质的风化趋势。因此,戈壁表层沉积物和雅丹廊道流沙在线形沙丘形成过程中均可提供沙物质来源,且前者提供的沙物质应该更多。柴达木盆地可能为其下风向黄土的物质源区之一,但是提供的粉尘颗粒有限。     

长江口外海上风速的近似推算摸式

在分析长江口外海陆风速差的日变化、季节变化特征的基础上,考虑了海陆不同下垫面的粗糙度和温度层结对风速变化的影响,建立了一个利用沿海陆地站测风推算近岸海上风速的模式。计算结果表明,推算值与实测值有着相当好的吻合,具有一定的实用价值。     

A Comparison Study of Synkinematic Illite Isolation,Quantitative X-ray Powder Diffraction,and K-Ar Dating for Direct Fault Gouge Analyses

K-Ar dating of synkinematic illite is increasingly recognized as a central method to constrain the timing of shallow crustal faulting. Methods of efficient sample preparation and quantitative identification of illite polytypes are critical to acquiring K-Ar isotope data for authigenic clays. In this respect, we compared the commonly used clay size separation method through centrifugation with vacuum filtration technology, showing that the former is prone to extract fractions with finer particle ...     

草莓状黄铁矿的形成机制探讨及其对古氧化-还原环境的反演

【研究目的】草莓状黄铁矿广泛存在于现代沉积物和沉积岩中,其成因机制总体上分为有机成因和无机成因两种,尽管两种机制均有理论与实验的支撑,但尚未建立一种具有普遍意义的形成机制。【研究方法】本文对目前草莓状黄铁矿的形成机理、氧化还原环境的应用及后期环境变化的影响进行了系统的综合研究。【研究结果】不同氧化-还原环境下形成的草莓状黄铁矿在粒径、形态以及硫同位素之间均存在较大的差异,可做为反演古氧化-还原环境的指标。草莓状黄铁矿的微晶尽管与粒径具有一定的正相关性,但是两者在形态演化序列、生长模式、聚集因素等方面与古氧化-还原环境的关系尚不清楚。仅凭草莓状黄铁矿粒径与铬还原法测定的硫同位素反演古氧化-还原环境存在一定的局限性,需要其他指标综合判定,尚需进一步开展草莓状黄铁矿原位硫同位素值与粒径对古氧化-还原环境反演的研究。后期氧化可使草莓状黄铁矿表面化学成分发生变化,但粒径分布依然具有古氧化-还原环境的指示意义。【结论】草莓状黄铁矿的实验模拟、理论体系和多学科交叉的研究中仍存在一些问题,尚需进一步研究。     

The First Quantitative Slip-Rate Estimated Along the Ashikule Fault at the Western Segment of the Altyn Tagh Fault System

<正>As one of the longest strike-slip fault in Asia,the Altyn Tagh Fault(ATF)defines the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau and plays a significant role inaccommodating the deformation resulting from the IndiaAsia convergence.Slip-rate and seismic behavior of the fault are critical to understand the present-day kinematics     

南极磷虾渔业近况与趋势分析

南极周边海域蕴藏着丰富的南极磷虾资源,其开发潜力受到世界各国的关注。为此,本研究基于南极海洋生物资源养护委员会(CCAMLR)统计数据分析了近几年南极磷虾渔业国家发展状况,并研究了南极磷虾渔业捕捞结构的变化特点。结果发现:(1)受捕捞技术及装备的限制,南极磷虾传统渔业国家——波兰、日本及乌克兰等正逐渐淡出开发行列;(2)随着挪威、中国及智利等新兴国家的加入,南极磷虾入渔船舶和渔业产量呈上升趋势;(3)南极磷虾全年均有生产,其中3—9月份渔获产量占总产量的70%—90%;(4)受综合环境因素和新的渔业管理措施影响,CCAMLR 48.1、48.2和48.3小区渔获产量年间波动变大,渔场选择难度增大;(5)传统的大规模科学调查模式已不适应该资源变化与渔业管理的要求,科学性渔业调查将成为今后南极磷虾资源调查与评估的重要补充。     

Stormwater runoff pollution in a rural township in the hilly area of the central Sichuan Basin, China

Stormwater runoff in rural townships has a high potential for water quality impairment but little information is available on strormwater runoff pollution from rural townships.To investigate the characteristics of runoff pollution in a rural township,a catchment(2.32 ha) in Linshan Township,Sichuan,China was selected to examine runoff and quality parameters including precipitation,flow rate,and total nitrogen(TN),dissolved nitrogen(DN),total phosphorus(TP),dissolved phosphorus(DP),particulate phosphorus(PP),chemical oxygen demand(COD) and suspended solid(SS) in 12 rainfall events occurring between June 2006 and July 2007.Results show that the annual pollutant loads were 47.17 kg ha-1 for TN,6.64 kg ha-1 for TP,1186 kg ha-1 for COD,and 4297 kg ha-1 for SS.DN and PP were the main forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in stormwater runoff.TP,COD and SS showed medium mass first flushes,in which nearly 40% of the total pollutant masses were transported by the first 30% of total flow volume.The peak of pollutant concentration appeared before the peak of runoff due to the first flush of accumulative pollutants in impervious areas and drainage ditches.The EMC values of TN,TP,DN and PP were negatively correlated to the maximum rainfall intensity,precipitation,total flow volume,and runoff duration(P<0.05,n=12),while EMC of COD and SS were not related to any rainfall characteristics.The FF30(FF,First Flush) for TN,TP,COD and SS were positively correlated to the maximum rainfall intensity(P<0.05,n=12),and TP was also positively correlated to the average rainfall intensity(P<0.05,n=12),indicating that the magnitude of first flush increased with the rainfall intensity in the Linshan Township.     

Mercury speciation,bioavailability and risk assessment on soil–rice systems from a watershed impacted by abandoned Hg mine-waste tailings

Acta Geochimica - Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant and can be accumulated in the food chain, posing exposure risks to humans. In this study, rice plants and corresponding rhizosphere soil samples...     

1057年地震之研究

本文依据1057年历史地震文献资料,在分析这次地震的发生时间和破坏情况的基础上,对这次地震的震中参数提出了新的认识:1057年在河北—北京一带发生了二次地震,第一次地震发生在1057年3月26日,震级为534级;第二次地震发生在1057年5月24日,震级为612级;二次地震的震中位于现固安—霸县一带,其地理坐标为北纬39.25,东经116.3。