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991.
Clia Ferreira Pernille Jensen Lisbeth Ottosen Alexandra Ribeiro 《Engineering Geology》2005,77(3-4):339-347
This paper aims to assess the applicability of the electrodialytic remediation technique for the removal of zinc, lead, copper and cadmium from municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator fly ash. A broad range of experimental conditions were studied including current densities, remediation times, use of assisting agents and cell design.
Several operational problems were identified during the electrodialytic experiments, among which are formation of precipitates, dryness of sample and partial dissolution of sample creating preferential pathways for the electric current. These problems may explain the low remediation efficiencies obtained.
Comparison between experiments showed that generally the use of Na-gluconate as assisting agent leads to better results than distilled water. Increasing the concentration of the assisting agent also results in higher removals. 相似文献
992.
A Conceptual Schema Language for the Management of Multiple Representations of Geographic Entities 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Anders Friis-Christensen Christian S Jensen Jan P Nytun David Skogan 《Transactions in GIS》2005,9(3):345-380
Multiple representation of geographic information occurs when a real‐world entity is represented more than once in the same or different databases. This occurs frequently in practice, and it invariably results in the occurrence of inconsistencies among the different representations of the same entity. In this paper, we propose an approach to the modeling of multiple represented entities, which is based on the relationships among the entities and their representations. Central to our approach is the Multiple Representation Schema Language that, by intuitive and declarative means, is used to specify rules that match objects representing the same entity, maintain consistency among these representations, and restore consistency if necessary. The rules configure a Multiple Representation Management System, the aim of which is to manage multiple representations over a number of autonomous federated databases. We present a graphical and a lexical binding to the schema language. The graphical binding is built on an extension to the Unified Modeling Language and the Object Constraint Language. We demonstrate that it is possible to implement the constructs of the schema language in the object‐relational model of a commercial RDBMS. 相似文献
993.
Relationships among remotely sensed soil moisture,precipitation and landslide events 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Landslides are triggered by earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, and heavy continuous rainfall. For most types of slope failure,
soil moisture plays a critical role because increased pore water pressure reduces the soil strength and increases stress.
However, in-situ soil moisture profiles are rarely measured. To establish the soil moisture and landslide relationship, a
qualitative comparison among soil moisture derived from AMSR-E, precipitation from TRMM and major landslide events was conducted.
This study shows that it is possible to estimate antecedent soil moisture conditions using AMSR-E and TRMM satellite data
in landslide prone areas. AMSR-E data show distinct annual patterns of soil moisture that reflect observed rainfall patterns
from TRMM. Results also show enhanced AMSR-E soil moisture and TRMM rainfall prior to major landslide events in landslide
prone regions of California, U.S.; Leyte, Philippines; and Dhading, Nepal. 相似文献
994.
Fast Hyperspectral Feature Reduction Using Piecewise Constant Function Approximations 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The high number of spectral bands that are obtained from hyperspectral sensors, combined with the often limited ground truth, solicits some kind of feature reduction when attempting supervised classification. This letter demonstrates that an optimal constant function representation of hyperspectral signature curves in the mean square sense is capable of representing the data sufficiently to outperform, or match, other feature reduction methods such as principal components transform, sequential forward selection, and decision boundary feature extraction for classification purposes on all of the four hyperspectral data sets that we have tested. The simple averaging of spectral bands makes the resulting features directly interpretable in a physical sense. Using an efficient dynamic programming algorithm, the proposed method can be considered fast. 相似文献
995.
Northern pipefish,Syngnathus fuscus, and dusky pipefish,Syngnathus floridae, are among the most abundant ichthyofauna components of the Chesapeake Bay, USA, eelgrass beds,Zostera marina, but population structure and many life history traits remain uncharacterized. We conducted monthly collections from May
through September 2003–2005 in Chincoteague Bay, Virginia, to investigate seasonal migration and spawning, sex ratios, size
at maturity, sexual dimorphism in length, and growth rates. BothS. fuscus andS. floridae spawned from May through September. Water temperature was significantly correlated withS. fuscus catches, whereasS. floridae abundance peaked after maximum water temperatures. Sex ratio data indicatedS. floridae populations are balanced, whileS. fuscus populations are strongly female-biased. Both species can quickly reach reproductive maturity, potentially within one season,
becauseS. fuscus andS. floridae population growth rates average 1.0 mm d−1 and minimum standard length at maturity measures 125 and 103 mm, respectively, for females and 99 and 91 mm, respectively,
for males. ForS. fuscus, females were significantly longer than conspecific males during time periods when juveniles were not rapidly maturing. Size
sexual dimorphism in this species coincides with reports of extensive paternal care and supports the hypothesis that the strength
of sexual selection differs in these species. 相似文献
996.
997.
Bromine and stable isotopic profiles of formation waters from potash mine-shafts, Saskatchewan, Canada 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G.K.S. Jensen B.J. Rostron M.J.M. Duke C. Holmden 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,89(1-3):170
Sixty-five inflow samples from access shafts were collected at three separate potash mines in order to construct three 1000 m deep hydrochemical profiles. Bromine concentrations, and δD and δ18O stable isotopic compositions, increase with depth in each case. Measured isotopic ratios have not changed in 15+ years since the mine-inflows were first sampled, implying little change in the hydraulic regimes at the mines over time. However, the bromine concentrations are typically a factor of five lower than previously reported. Newer analytical techniques have improved the accuracy, precision and resolution of the hydrochemical profiles. Results indicate that the salinity of the inflow waters originated as mixtures of evaporatively concentrated seawater, meteoric water, and brine derived from halite dissolution. Extremely concentrated brines (TDS > 525 g/L) were found at the Cory and Allan potash mines some 55 km apart, but their role in the paleohydrogeology of the basin remains uncertain. 相似文献
998.
Tim McCreanor Liane Penney Victoria Jensen Karen Witten Robin Kearns Helen Moewaka Barnes 《New Zealand geographer》2006,62(3):196-207
Abstract: This paper examines the culturally specific experiences of belonging within Oruāmo/Beachhaven, a suburb in North Shore City. In-depth interviews with 32 caregivers of young children expose the fact that the ethnic groups represented – Māori, Samoan and Pākehā– vary in their uses and understandings of, as well as feelings for, residential neighbourhood. Examination of the themes of natural environment, social relations, continuity of residence, facilities, organisations and place transformation reveal that, while representatives of all groups had views on these matters, there was a variable degree of engagement with and priority afforded to these concerns. 相似文献
999.
Bo. R. Larsen Dario Di Bella Marianne Glasius Richard Winterhalter Niels R. Jensen Jens Hjorth 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2001,38(3):231-276
Smog chamber experiments have beenconducted in which cyclic monoterpenes were oxidisedin the gas phase by OH. The evolved secondary organicaerosol (SOA) was analysed by LC-MSn and thegas-phase products were analysed by FT-IR. Theconcentrations of the identified compoundscorresponded to carbon mass balances in the range of40%–90%. The identified compounds in the particularphase corresponded to 0.5%–4.2% of the reactedcarbon. The most abundant compounds in SOA fromterpenes with an endocyclic C=C double bond wereC10-keto-aldehydes, C10-keto-carboxylicacids, C10-hydroxy-keto-carboxylic acids, andC10-hydroxy-keto-aldehydes (pinonaldehyde,pinonic acid, hydroxy-pinonic acid isomers, andhydroxy-pinonaldehyde isomers from -pinene;3-caronaldehyde, 3-caronic acid, hydroxy-3-caronicacid isomers, and hydroxy-3-caronaldehyde isomers from3-carene). The most abundant compounds in SOA fromterpenes with an exocyclic C=C double bond wereC9-ketones, C9-dicarboxylic acids, andC10-hydroxy-keto-carboxylic acids (nopinone,pinic acid, and hydroxy-pinonic acid isomers from-pinene; sabinaketone, sabinic acid andhydroxy-sabinonic acid isomers from sabinene).Decarboxylated analogues of most of the compounds werepresent in SOA in minor concentrations, such asC9-keto-carboxylic acids (norpinonic acid,nor-3-caronic acid) and C8-dicarboxylic acids(norpinic acid, nor-3-caric acid, norsabinic acid). InSOA from limonene, which contains an endocyclic aswell as an exocyclic C=C double bond, the mostabundant compounds were a C10-keto-aldehyde andits oxo-derivative (limononaldehyde and keto-limononaldehyde) together with hydroxy-derivatives of aC10-keto-carboxylic acid (isomers ofhydroxy-limononic acid). Also aC10-keto-carboxylic acid (limononic acid) waspresent together with minor concentrations of aC9-dicarboxylic acids (limonic acid), itsoxo-derivative (keto-limonic acid), and itsdecarboxylated analogue (norlimonic acid). Mechanisticpathways for the formation of these products, some ofwhich are identified here for the first time, areproposed. 相似文献
1000.
Jennifer L. Druhan James F. Hogan Christopher J. Eastoe Barry J. Hibbs William R. Hutchison 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(2):281-296
Identification of hydrogeologic controls on groundwater flowpaths, recharge, and salinization is often critical to the management of limited arid groundwater resources. One approach to identifying these mechanisms is a combined analysis of hydrogeologic and hydrochemical data to develop a comprehensive conceptual model of a groundwater basin. To demonstrate this technique, water samples were collected from 33 discrete vertical zone test holes in the Hueco Bolson aquifer, located within the Trans-Pecos Texas region and the primary water resource for El Paso, Texas, USA and Juárez, Mexico. These samples were analyzed for a suite of geochemical tracers and the data evaluated in light of basin hydrogeology. On the basis of δ2H and δ18O data, two regional recharge sources were recognized, one originating from western mountain-fronts and one from through-flow of the adjacent Tularosa aquifer. Chloride concentrations were strongly correlated with lithologic formations and both Cl/Br and 36Cl ratios suggested the primary chloride source is halite dissolution within a specific lithologic unit. In contrast, sulfur isotopes indicated that most sulfate originates from Tularosa basin Permian gypsum sources. These results yielded a more comprehensive conceptual model of the basin, which suggested that chloride salinization of wells is the result of upconing of waters from the Fort Hancock formation. 相似文献