全文获取类型
收费全文 | 46070篇 |
免费 | 899篇 |
国内免费 | 395篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1378篇 |
大气科学 | 3418篇 |
地球物理 | 9626篇 |
地质学 | 15263篇 |
海洋学 | 4025篇 |
天文学 | 10887篇 |
综合类 | 131篇 |
自然地理 | 2636篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 379篇 |
2020年 | 417篇 |
2019年 | 502篇 |
2018年 | 1059篇 |
2017年 | 972篇 |
2016年 | 1292篇 |
2015年 | 778篇 |
2014年 | 1227篇 |
2013年 | 2213篇 |
2012年 | 1360篇 |
2011年 | 1829篇 |
2010年 | 1625篇 |
2009年 | 2258篇 |
2008年 | 1975篇 |
2007年 | 1977篇 |
2006年 | 1883篇 |
2005年 | 1436篇 |
2004年 | 1442篇 |
2003年 | 1313篇 |
2002年 | 1352篇 |
2001年 | 1150篇 |
2000年 | 1098篇 |
1999年 | 967篇 |
1998年 | 959篇 |
1997年 | 940篇 |
1996年 | 765篇 |
1995年 | 740篇 |
1994年 | 699篇 |
1993年 | 601篇 |
1992年 | 534篇 |
1991年 | 530篇 |
1990年 | 534篇 |
1989年 | 543篇 |
1988年 | 490篇 |
1987年 | 562篇 |
1986年 | 512篇 |
1985年 | 599篇 |
1984年 | 740篇 |
1983年 | 635篇 |
1982年 | 620篇 |
1981年 | 559篇 |
1980年 | 505篇 |
1979年 | 483篇 |
1978年 | 500篇 |
1977年 | 420篇 |
1976年 | 387篇 |
1975年 | 396篇 |
1974年 | 360篇 |
1973年 | 410篇 |
1972年 | 277篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 484 毫秒
141.
142.
James F. Kasting 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1996,241(1):3-24
The goal of this conference is to consider whether it is possible within the next few decades to detect Earth-like planets around other stars using telescopes or interferometers on the ground or in space. Implicit in the term “Earth-like” is the idea that such planets might be habitable by Earth-like organisms, or that they might actually be inhabited. Here, I shall address two questions from the standpoint of planetary atmosphere evolution. First, what are the chances that habitable planets exist around other stars? And, second, if inhabited planets exist, what would be the best way to detect them? 相似文献
143.
Theoretical line ratios involving 2s
2
S - 3p
2
P, 2p
2
P - 3s
2
S, and 2p
2
S - 3d
2
D transitions inCiv between 312 and 420 Å are presented. A comparison of these with solar active region observational data obtained during a rocket flight by the Solar EUV Rocket Telescope and Spectrograph (SERTS) reveals good agreement between theory and experiment, with discrepancies that average only 22%. This provides experimental support for the accuracy of the atomic data adopted in the line ratio calculations, and also resolves discrepancies found previously when the theoretical results were compared with solar data from the S082A instrument on boardSkylab. The potential usefulness of theCIV line ratios as electron temperature diagnostics for the solar transition region is briefly discussed. 相似文献
144.
D.W. Crawford D.A. Purdie A.P.M. Lockwood P. Weissman 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1997,45(6):799-812
In the Southampton Water estuary (southern England, U.K.), red-tides caused by the planktonic, phototrophic ciliateMesodinium rubrum(=Myrionecta rubra) occur during most summers and sometimes in autumn. These events were investigated in detail between 1985 and 1987 and were characterized by levels of chlorophylla(chl a) of over 100 μg l−1, cell numbers ofM. rubrumof over 1×103 ml−1, oxygen saturations of around 150%, and depleted numbers of macrozooplankton. Initiation of red-water did not appear to be triggered by irradiance or nutrients, but coincided with an increase in temperature and water column stability. This enhanced stability was promoted by increased surface to bottom gradients of both temperature and salinity, and by reduced mixing during neap tides. Development of red-water was accompanied by removal of most of the dissolved NH+4from the water column, whereas some NO−3persisted, presumably maintained by freshwater input. NO−3and NH+4gradually returned to pre-bloom concentrations as the red-water declined in late summer. Maximal biomass ofM. rubrumappeared to be limited by irradiance, and self-shading probably imposed an upper limit of around 300 mg chl a m−2within the water column. At the observed levels of chl a, irradiance values within the population maximum between 1 and 3 m depth were only just of the order (≈15 μmol photons m−2 s−1) required to balance estimated respiratory demands. Oxygen concentration became undersaturated during the late bloom phase, with minimal values of 20–30% saturation recorded in deeper waters; however, despite this and reduced numbers of macrozooplankton, direct deleterious effects on other organisms were not observed. 相似文献
145.
A. Bhatnagar R. M. Jain J. T. Burkepile I. M. Chertok A. Magun H. Urbarz P. Zlobec 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1996,243(1):209-213
The powerful cosmic ray flare of Sept. 29, 1989 occurred behind the limb and was observed over a wide spectral range. The analysis of optical, radio, and other relevant data suggest two phases of energy release. After an impulsive phase a prolonged post eruption energy release occurred in an extended region of the corona following the eruption of a large coronal mass ejection (CME). This phase is responsible for numerous coronal and interplanetary phenomena including the ground-level increase of cosmic rays. 相似文献
146.
P. Cox 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1997,255(1-2):489-497
This review summarizes spectroscopic and imaging results obtained on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) on well-known
planetary nebulae: the young nebula NGC 7027, and two fully evolved nearby nebulae, the Dumbbell and the Helix.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
147.
T.D. Thoroughgood V.S. Dhillon S.P. Littlefair T.R. Marsh D.A. Smith 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,327(4):1323-1333
We present spectroscopy of the eclipsing recurrent nova U Sco. The radial velocity semi-amplitude of the primary star was found to be from the motion of the wings of the He ii λ 4686-Å emission line. By detecting weak absorption features from the secondary star, we find its radial velocity semi-amplitude to be . From these parameters, we obtain a mass of for the white dwarf primary star and a mass of for the secondary star. The radius of the secondary is calculated to be , confirming that it is evolved. The inclination of the system is calculated to be , consistent with the deep eclipse seen in the light-curves. The helium emission lines are double-peaked, with the blueshifted regions of the disc being eclipsed prior to the redshifted regions, clearly indicating the presence of an accretion disc. The high mass of the white dwarf is consistent with the thermonuclear runaway model of recurrent nova outbursts, and confirms that U Sco is the best Type Ia supernova progenitor currently known. We predict that U Sco is likely to explode within ∼700 000 yr. 相似文献
148.
The first World Atlas of the artificial night sky brightness 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
P. Cinzano F. Falchi C.D. Elvidge 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,328(3):689-707
We present the first World Atlas of the zenith artificial night sky brightness at sea level. Based on radiance-calibrated high-resolution DMSP satellite data and on accurate modelling of light propagation in the atmosphere, it provides a nearly global picture of how mankind is proceeding to envelop itself in a luminous fog. Comparing the Atlas with the United States Department of Energy (DOE) population density data base, we determined the fraction of population who are living under a sky of given brightness. About two-thirds of the World population and 99 per cent of the population in the United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii) and European Union live in areas where the night sky is above the threshold set for polluted status. Assuming average eye functionality, about one-fifth of the World population, more than two-thirds of the United States population and more than one half of the European Union population have already lost naked eye visibility of the Milky Way. Finally, about one-tenth of the World population, more than 40 per cent of the United States population and one sixth of the European Union population no longer view the heavens with the eye adapted to night vision, because of the sky brightness. 相似文献
149.
We present the astrophysical conditions necessary for the ejection of shielded microorganisms from a solar system and the biological conditions involving ultraviolet and ionizing radiations to which they are subjected in space. The radiation dose for both UV and ionizing radiation from the host star, the destination star and interstellar space is calculated for three different micro-organisms. The time of transport and the survival of the micro-organisms are strongly dependent on the composition and thickness of any mantle encasing the micro-organism and on the mass/luminosity ratio of the two stars. The maximum size of grains that can be ejected from the vicinity of one solar mass main sequence and red giant stars ranges from 0.65-0.35µm and 2.1-1.2µm respectively, for a reasonable range of densities. We conclude that unshielded known micro-organisms are immediately killed by ultraviolet radiation, and that an ice mantle does not provide sufficient shielding for either type of star. However, micro-organisms shielded by a carbonaceous thin-film mantle can be ejected from the vicinity of a one solar-mass red-giant star, and such micro-organisms have a high probability of surviving damage from the ultraviolet and ionizing radiations to which they are exposed. 相似文献
150.
Anastassios E. Petropoulos James M. Longuski 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1994,60(4):431-454
An exact analysis of the coverage obtained by spacecraft using cross-track scanning and nadir-centered conical imaging, under imposed viewing obliqueness and resolution requirements, is presented. In addition to exact expressions for the area acquired and the area acquisition rate, envelope theory is introduced to obtain the boundary of the imaged area. These expressions are relatively compact, allowing rapid machine computation. The effects of the sun phase angle, and of imaging system limitations are also examined. The Galileo mission encounter with Callisto is used as a numerical example, from which certain general conclusions are drawn regarding optimal imaging trajectories. 相似文献