吉林延边小西南岔铜(金)矿床早白垩世中—酸性岩浆岩年代学、地球化学及其成因探讨

小西南岔铜(金)矿床位于吉林省延边地区东部,通过对小西南岔铜(金)矿床早白垩世中—酸性岩浆岩进行野外地质、岩相学、年代学和地球化学等方面的研究,进一步探讨延边乃至东北地区中生代大地构造演化。年代学研究结果表明：其同位素年龄分别为(101.69±0.61) Ma(石英闪长岩)、(101.14±0.58) Ma(英云闪长岩)、(100.82±0.62) Ma(花岗闪长岩)和(100.20±1.10) Ma(闪长玢岩),岩浆作用发生在早白垩世末期(102～100 Ma),是同一构造演化过程的产物。岩石地球化学研究表明,闪长玢岩具有典型埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征,其w(SiO₂)=61.419%～62.153%,w(Al₂O₃)=16.872%～17.329%,w(MgO)=2.339%～2.643%,w(Na₂O)=5.749%～6.623%,w(K₂O)=1.483%～1.786%,w(Sr)=(691～888)×10^-6,w(Yb)=(0.71～0.83)×...     

2009年初开封市冬小麦大面积干枯死亡原因分析

2009年1-2月,开封市冬小麦出现大面积的枯黄,甚至死亡现象,对2009年全市夏粮总产量和全年粮食总产量的稳定构成了严重的威胁.对麦田实地调查及对麦播以来开封市气候特征分析结果表明,造成2009年初开封市冬小麦出现大面积枯黄死亡的原因主要有以下几个方面:一是小麦播种以后开封市长期干旱少雨,麦田旱情严重,直接影响到冬小麦正常生长;二是2008年12月下旬开封市出现大范围强降温天气,最低气温锐降至-10 ℃以下,全市冬小麦不同程度受冻;三是农户冬季麦田管理措施不到位,普遍未浇越冬水;四是小麦品种选择不当,部分品种抗逆性较差;五是地下害虫危害较为严重;另外还与本地的小麦耕种方式有一定联系.要减少不利因素对冬小麦生长的影响,就要加强对气候变化的认识,及时采取必要的农业技术措施,提高防灾减灾能力,及时关注天气变化,科学合理适时冬灌,加强田间管理,严防冻害发生;加强病虫害的预测预报;科学做好秸秆还田工作.     

The characteristics of Quaternary activity of faults in the sea area near the Yangtze River mouth

Introduction As far as the frequency and magnitude are concerned, the earthquakes in the sea area to the east of Shanghai are far more strong than in land area with the largest one in the sea area near the Yangtze River mouth being MS=436, while in land, only MS=434 occurred on Sept. 1, 1624. As a moderately strong earthquake active area, the sea area near the Yangtze River mouth, may cause a potential risk to Shanghai. In 1971 and 1996, earthquakes with MS=5~6 occurred in this area. Geo…     

导航卫星的单星定轨

本文对导航卫星的单星定轨进行了初步探讨，针对单星定轨时卫星钟钟差和接收机钟钟差难以处理的特点，提出了定轨的同时解算测站距离偏差和采用平均距离变化率进行定轨两种方案，采用GPS的实测数据试验计算表明，两种计算方案均能初步完成单星定轨任务。     

The atmospheric circulation patterns influencing the frequency of spring sand-dust storms in the Tarim Basin

Using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the sand-storm frequency data fi＇om 37 weather stations in the Tarim Basin for the period 1961-2009, the relationship between the frequency of spring sandstorms in the Tafim Basin and the associated atmospheric circu- lation pattems is analyzed in this study. We found significantly negative correlations between sandstorm frequency and the 500-hPa geopotential height over the Paris Basin and midwestem Mongolia, while there were positive correlations over the Ural River region. The rising of the 500-hPa geopotential height in midwestem Mongolia and its falling over the Ural region corre- spond to a weakening of the large-scale wave patterns in the Eurasian region, which directly causes the frequency of the sand-dust storms in the Tarim Basin to decline. Also, the abrupt decline in the spring sandstorm frequency in the Tarim Basin observed in the last half-century is associated with profound changes in the atmospheric circulation in these key regions. At the interannual scale, the strengthened cyclonic atmospheric circulation patterns in the western part of Mongolia and the anticyclonic patterns over the East European plains at 500-hPa geopotential height, are responsible for frequent sandstorm occurrences in the Tarim Basin.     

Dynamical evolution properties of debris flows controlled by different mesh-sized flexible net barriers

Because the flexible net barrier is a gradually developed open-type debris-flow counter-measure, there are still uncertainties in its design criterion. By using several small-scale experimental flume model tests, the dynamical evolution properties of debris flows controlled by large and small mesh-sized (equal to D₉₀ and D₅₀, respectively) flexible net barriers are studied, including the debris flow behaviors, segregation, and permeability of sediments, as well as the energy absorption rates and potential overtopping occurring when debris flows impact the small mesh-sized one. Experimental results reveal that (a) two sediment deposition patterns are observed depending on variations in debris flow textures and mesh sizes; (b) the aggregation against flexible net barriers is dominated by flow dynamics; (c) the segregation and permeable functions of the barrier are determined by the mesh size, concentration, and flow dynamics; and (d) the smaller mesh-sized flexible net barrier tends to be more efficient in restraining more turbulent debris flows and can absorb greater rate of kinematic energy, and finally, the great kinematic energy dissipation that occurs when secondary debris flows interact with the post-deposits in front of the small mesh-sized flexible net barrier is believed to cause the failure of overtopping phenomenon. The mesh size is concluded to be the decisive parameter that should be associated with debris flow textures to design the control functions of flexible net barriers.     

Inbreeding depression on growth and survival of full-sib family of Manila clam (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ruditapes philippinarum</Emphasis>)

In present study, the inbreeding depression (ID) of growth and survival of Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) was investigated at larval and juvenile stages. Nine inbred families (A ₂, B ₂, C ₂, D ₂, E ₂, F ₂, G ₂, H ₂ and I ₂) were established by mating within nine full-sib families with expected inbreeding coefficient of 0.25. Inbred families showed significant differences in shell length and hatching rate of D-larvae (straight-hinged larvae). The larvae of the nine inbred families grew slower than those of control group (CG), and their ID value ranged from 0.81% ± 6.09% to 16.10% ± 1.49%. The ID value of larval survival rate varied between 27.47% ± 9.36% and 70.50% ± 13.66%. The ID was also detected for juvenile growth in A ₂, B ₂, C ₂, and D ₂, which ranged from 4.60 ± 2.21 to 17.71 ± 7.73. The A ₂ family maintained the highest juvenile survival rate, whereas the other inbred families exhibited ID values varying between 62.79% ± 4.54% and 96.14% ± 0.87%. The linear relationship of estimated ID between growth and survival was negatively correlated (R = ?0.434, P < 0.05). The results of this study suggested that the ID of growth was common at the larval stage but was less prevalent at juvenile stage. In contrast, the ID of survival increased from larval to juvenile stage. A better understanding of the effect of inbreeding may aid to selective breeding of Manila clam.     

江苏数字地震台网地震速报软件

介绍江苏数字地震台网地震速报软件功能及在江苏数字地震台网地震速报工作中的应用,该软件实现了实时数据的收集,对地震三要素快速准确地处理,提高了工作效率,在地震监测工作中发挥了重要作用。     

Mechanism for the rapid motion of the Qianjiangping landslide during reactivation by the first impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam reservoir, China

The first impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam reservoir in China started from a water surface elevation of 95 m on June 1, 2003 and reached 135 m on June 15, 2003. Shortly after the water level reached 135 m, many slopes began to deform and some landslides occurred. The Qianjiangping landslide is the largest one; it occurred on the early morning of July 14, 2003 and caused great loss of lives and property. Field investigation revealed that, although failure occurred after the reservoir reached 135 m, the stability of the slope was already reduced by preexisting sheared bedding planes. To study the mechanism of the rapid motion of this reactivated landslide, two soil samples were taken from a yellow clay layer and a black silt layer in the sliding zone, respectively, and a series of ring shear tests were conducted on the samples. One series of ring shear tests simulates the creep deformation behavior, while the other series simulates different shear rates. Conclusions drawn from analysis of the ring shear tests indicate that the mechanism of the rapid motion of the reactivated landslide was caused by the rate effect of the black silt layer during the motion phase after the creep failure. The yellow clay layer did not play any important role in the rapid motion in the 2003 event.     

二连盆地脑木根凹陷沉积型铀矿成矿特征

二连盆地乌兰察布坳陷是我国重要的沉积型铀矿成矿区,脑木根凹陷为二连盆地乌兰察布坳陷南缘的一个次级凹陷,其中的下白垩统赛汉组沉积了一套三角洲-湖泊相含煤碎屑岩建造,具备铀成矿基本条件。通过对煤田钻孔资料"二次开发",配合钻探验证,在下白垩统赛汉组中圈定了连续稳定的放射性异常区。发现了潜水氧化型和同沉积泥岩型铀矿成矿类型,研究区铀矿化主要受古气候、成矿期砂体沉积特征、铀源、后生氧化作用等多重因素的控制。建立了研究区潜水氧化叠合同沉积泥岩型铀矿成矿模式。