基于网络环境的台站地震速报系统研制与应用

介绍了在网络环境下台站地震速报系统研制的相关技术和流程,阐述了速报系统功能模块的作用和C/S编程实现方法.该系统在安徽省地震台站投入使用以来,替代了台站过去的电话速报方式,为加强台站地震速报质量管理和工作责任起到积极促进作用,收到了预期的效果.     

海岸沙席对台风的形态响应特征

采用RTK GPS测量技术与方法,在2014—2017年对福建平潭岛典型海岸沙席进行了连续16次形态高精度测量,分析了海岸沙席在台风作用下的形态变化及台风季后的形态恢复变化特征.结果表明:1)海岸沙席对台风的形态响应特征明显,基本表现为海滩及沙席前缘高度降低(最大侵蚀深度为0.92 m),沙席中部高度变化相对较小(≤0...     

边坡变形系统失稳控制因素研究

通过对顺层变形几何非线性和连续变形物理非线性边坡模型的讨论，建立了边坡为形系统失稳的条件，找出影响系统稳定性的控制变量，并就控制变量的因素进行探讨，提出了人为调整控制变量，来防止边坡系统失稳措施的设想。     

龙骨坡遗址第7水平层石制品新材料

文章记述并分析了20世纪90年代后期重庆巫山龙骨坡遗址出土于第7水平层的16件石制品,包括若干各具特色的工具类型,如原型手镐、原型薄刃斧、大型尖刃器、直刃砍砸器、凸刃砍砸器、长刃石刀、短刃石刀、刮削器、凿刃器等,反映出石器制作者明确的工作目标和为了达到目标所经历的一个又一个中间过程;说明了当时的人类对工具制作的具体需求和适当利用自然环境的事实。研究证据还体现了大约200万年前华南早期人类工具类型的多样性与特殊性,标志着中国早期人类在当时阶段所达到的技术发展水平。龙骨坡遗址很可能是东亚早期人类文化的一个发祥地。     

冲绳海槽西北侧表层沉积物中微型腹足类的分布及其研究意义

冲绳海槽西北侧大陆架向大陆坡转折处表层沉积物中微型腹足类动物群具有混合的生态特征,这与现代海洋沉积环境并不一致。腹足类动物群中除少数种类为陆坡深海分子,多数种类属内陆架区或近岸浅水分子。因此,动物群主要反映了晚更新世末次冰期低海平面的海洋环境,而少数深海种类的混入应与黑潮暖流在冲绳北端所形成的上升流有关。根据本区腹足类在其他海区的时空分布规律,本文认为在更新世末次冰期,黑潮暖流仍对本区有重要影响，并控制着腹足类的分布。本区腹足类这种混合的生态特征是晚更新世末次冰期以来各种海洋动力环境叠加影响的结果。     

小莱河麻粒岩相铁建造的矿物组合—变质过程p、T变化的探讨

小莱河太古宙麻粒岩相铁建造的矿物组合有：①斜方辉石（Fs87）＋钙铁辉石＋石英＋磁铁矿±莱河矿；②铁闪石＋铁浅闪石质角闪石＋石英＋磁铁矿＋碳酸盐±Fe－镁川石（云辉闪石）。辉石的出溶显示了它形成的不同阶段：片晶发育的OpxⅡ－CpxⅡ是最后稳定产物，计算的平衡温度是742℃，按相图获得的压力是7×108～7．8×108Pa；钙铁辉石中“001”片晶是易变辉石片晶转变的，Opx－Cpx－Pig（片晶）阶段据相图推测可能形成于近820℃，8×108Pa的条件下。原始均一相的OpxⅠ－CpxⅠ阶段矿物成分按估算的片晶含量计算，它们的形成温度接近820℃，可能的压力范围是11×108～13×108Pa。由此得到ITD型麻粒岩相p－T－t轨迹。莱河矿无氧化成因的证据，认为它是在麻粒岩相条件下生成的。云辉闪石的Si—O链重复周期是3×，其Fe／（Fe＋Mg）＝0．85，是接近富铁端元的Fe－镁川石，它与闪石一起在640到近700℃条件下交代了辉石。     

714SD多普勒雷达在强降水中的应用

本文针对近几年汕头地区出现的强降水天气，重点开展了多普勒天气雷达速度回波及其产品的应用研究，结合相应的天气背景、物理量变化对强度回波和速度场回波作一些分析，归纳总结出台风、冷锋锋面、暖切变、西南急流、脊后槽前辐合区、东风波等不同天气形势下强降水的类型及其回波特征，并尝试性地解释了一些特殊回波的风场结构和天气现象。     

Characteristics and distribution of clay minerals and their effects on reservoir quality: Huagang Formation in the Xihu Sag,East China Sea Basin

Abstract

The characteristics and distribution of clay minerals and their effects on reservoir quality in the Huagang sandstones in the Xihu Sag, East China Sea Basin were studied by using X-ray diffraction, casting thin-sections, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, fluid inclusion analysis, constant-rate mercury injection and nuclear magnetic resonance. Clay minerals consist of kaolinite, chlorite, illite and illite–smectite mixed layer (I/S); kaolinite forms from dissolved feldspars, chlorite occurs as clay coatings that are transformed from clay precursors owing to the flocculation of suspended detrital clays or the crystallisation of pore fluids, and illite forms from the illitisation of detrital smectite, authigenic kaolinite and K-feldspars. Clay distribution is controlled by sedimentary environments, burial history and lithologies. Typical reservoirs in the western sub-sag are thin and developed in braided river facies at relatively shallow burial depths with clays dominated by kaolinite. However, typical reservoirs in the central inversion tectonic zone are thicker and developed in a braided delta front facies at deeper burial depths with clays mainly consisting of chlorite, illite and I/S. High-quality reservoirs are characterised by coarse granularity, high quartz content and low clay content with widespread development of chlorite coatings that inhibit quartz cements at low temperatures. At higher temperatures, the high-quality reservoirs develop more pores providing growth space for quartz cements and result in the coexistence of chlorite coatings and quartz cements. The high-quality reservoirs are controlled by their lithological characteristics rather than chlorite coatings. Illite and I/S clays create severe damage to reservoirs by reducing the size and connectivity of pore-throats.     

崇左市气象台站装备维修保障的思考

通过对崇左市气象部门技术装备保障工作现状的分析,找出了崇左市气象部门技术装备保障工作存在的主要问题,并提出了相应的解决办法。     

Cross-season relation of the South China Sea precipitation variability between winter and summer

The present study reveals cross-season connections of rainfall variability in the South China Sea (SCS) region between winter and summer. Rainfall anomalies over northern South China Sea in boreal summer tend to be preceded by the same sign rainfall anomalies over southern South China Sea in boreal winter (denoted as in-phase relation) and succeeded by opposite sign rainfall anomalies over southern South China Sea in the following winter (denoted as out-of-phase relation). Analysis shows that the in-phase relation from winter to summer occurs more often in El Niño/La Niña decaying years and the out-of-phase relation from summer to winter appears more frequently in El Niño/La Niña developing years. In the summer during the El Niño/La Niña decaying years, cold/warm and warm/cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies develop in tropical central North Pacific and the North Indian Ocean, respectively, forming an east–west contrast pattern. The in-phase relation is associated with the influence of anomalous heating/cooling over the equatorial central Pacific during the mature phase of El Niño/La Niña events that suppresses/enhances precipitation over southern South China Sea and the impact of the above east–west SST anomaly pattern that reduces/increases precipitation over northern South China Sea during the following summer. The impact of the east–west contrast SST anomaly pattern is confirmed by numerical experiments with specified SST anomalies. In the El Niño/La Niña developing years, regional air-sea interactions induce cold/warm SST anomalies in the equatorial western North Pacific. The out-of-phase relation is associated with a Rossby wave type response to anomalous heating/cooling over the equatorial central Pacific during summer and the combined effect of warm/cold SST anomalies in the equatorial central Pacific and cold/warm SST anomalies in the western North Pacific during the mature phase of El Niño/La Niña events.