线性度方法在前兆观测数据分析处理中的应用

利用空间线性度方法，对前兆场中不同台站，不同学科的前兆观测数据从总体形态上进行综合分析，得到关于描述前兆场的新的特征量ａ（空间线性度）本文给出了空间线性度的具体计算方法，并以华北地区为例，分析处理了区内１９７０～１９９４年部分地电阻率和地下水位观测资料，所得结果表明，新的前兆特征量ａ在中强地震之前一年左右时间内有异常显示。     

山谷冰川稳定态时积累区面积比率研究

探讨山谷冰川稳定状态时积累区面积比率，即ＡＡＲ值的大小，认为冰川物质平衡高程分布，平面形态及坡面坡度沿程变化形式是影响山谷冰川稳定态ＡＡＲ值的主要因素，并 山谷冰川稳定态ＡＡＲ值与物质平衡高程分布及平面形态之间的定量关系。山谷冰川适合于应用ＡＲ值法来研究古冰川的零平衡线高程。     

从天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川变化估计近百年来该地区夏季升温

通过冰川波动历史来揭示气候变化是一种重要的方法。然而，以往有关这一方面的研究大都是一些定性的。文章试图依据冰种变化来定量的研究气候变化，并且通过近百年来天山乌鲁木齐河源１号冰川的变化，揭示出本世纪以来该河源地区夏季气温上升约０．２３￣０．２５℃，同时，对于该冰川不同长度规模时的气候敏感性也进行了讨论。     

蚀变岩中物质迁移的定量计算：以锡矿山锑矿床为例

本文提出了确定沉积岩蚀变作用过程中的不活动组分的方法，并以锡矿山锑矿床为例，定量计算了蚀变岩中各组分的带入带出量，研究表明：锡矿山锑矿硅化过程中ＴｉＯ２和Ａｌ２Ｏ３为不活动组；ＳｉＯ２，Ｋ２Ｏ，Ｎａ２Ｏ及锑，硫，坤，汞，铅和钡为带入组分；而ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯ，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，ＭｎＯ及铜，锌为带出组分，锑，钡，硫，ＳｉＯ２和ＣａＯ有较大的带进或带出量，锡矿山锑矿床矿石矿物为单一辉锑矿可能是由于矿液中缺少其它     

不同岩溶动力系统的碳稳定同位素和地球化学特征及其意义——以我国几个典型岩溶地区为例

结合水化学的野外观测及室内计算,作者对桂林岩溶试验场、四川黄龙风景区和贵州乌江渡坝区3个岩溶动力系统的碳稳定同位素特征进行了分析,进而对系统的性质、系统中CO_2的来源、碳酸盐沉积过程中的碳同位素动力分馏、水化学和钙华的成因及热水钙华的~(14)C测年等地球化学问题作了探讨。结果表明,桂林岩溶试验场属于表层岩溶作用动力系统,其中的侵蚀动力主要来源于大气降水溶解土壤中的CO_2;四川黄龙风景区属于深部岩溶动力系统,侵蚀动力来自大气降水溶解幔源的CO_2;贵州乌江渡坝区岩溶系统,虽然属于表层岩溶动力系统,但其中一部分的同位素和水化学特征已受到人类活动的重大影响。     

冀西北麻粒岩区早前寒武纪主要地质事件的年代格架

本文通过年代学资料和其它地质依据建立了冀西北及邻区麻粒岩地体早前寒武纪主要地质事件的年代格架。早期的基性火山喷发事件发生在2868—2932Ma期间,形成本区的早期地壳。在2761Ma左右发生了大规模的TTG岩浆侵位事件,在2650Ma时发生了基性岩浆侵位,使地壳加厚。在2561—2503Ma期间,花岗闪长质岩浆在本区广泛侵入,使地壳进一步加厚。2477—2461Ma期间,紫苏花岗岩以岩株形式侵入,同时发生区域麻粒岩相变质,早期地壳受到改造。大约在2300Ma时发生第二阶段的麻粒岩相变质。此后,在2144—2087Ma期间红色花岗岩侵位,形成花岗岩带。     

The Discovery of Phlogopite Exsolution Lamellae in Garnets of Eclogite Inclusions, Liaoning Province

In No. 50 kimberlite pipe of Fuxian County, Liaoning Province, an eclogite inclusion(nodule), which is extremely rare in kimberlites, was discovered and phlogopite exsolutionlamellae were found in garnets of the inclusion. Microscopic, TEM and energy spectral observa-tions and studies confirmed that these lamellae are phlogopite. They are colourless and acicularin section, generally 0.5-5μm in width and 10-100μm in length. Nevertheless, fine lamellae,0.05-0.1μm wide and 1-2μm long, are also well developed. Along [111] of the garnet, three setsof phlogopite lamellae show oriented arrangement approximately at angles of 60°-70°, indi-cating that these lamellae might be the product of exsolution from garnet as a result ofpressure-release when eclogite ascended from the relatively deep level to the relatively shallowlevel of the mantle. Tiny acicular exsolution minerals (or inclusions) are commonly found ingarnet and pyroxene in eclogite inclusions of kimberlites all over the world and it has been re-ported that the identified exsolution minerals include pyroxene and rutile. This is the first timethat phlogopite exsolution lamillae were found in eclogite inclusions in the world.     

Separate Analysis of Remote Sensing Information of Structures of Different Geological Periods and Quantitative Study of Corresponding Tectonic Stress Fields

The structural feature shown on a remote sensing image is a synthetic result ofcombination of the deformations produced during the entire geological history of an area.Therefore, the respective tectonic stress field of each of the different stages in the complexdeformation of an area can be reconstructed in three steps: (1) geological structures formed atdifferent times are distinguished in remote sensing image interpretation; (2) structuraldeformation fields at different stages are determined by analyzing relationships betweenmicrostructures (joints and fractures) and the related structures (folds and faults); and (3)tectonic stress fields at different stages are respectively recovered through a study of the featuresof structural deformation fields in different periods. Circular structures and related circlular and radial joints are correlated in space to con-cealed structural rises. The authors propose a new method for establishing a natural model ofthe concealed structural rises and calculating the tectonic stress field by using quantitative dataof the remote sensing information of circular structures and related linear structures.     

巷道围岩松动圈的地质雷达探测及应用

在简述地质雷达探测原理的基础上, 分析了巷道围岩松动圈雷达探测的可行性。结合华丰矿巷道围岩松动圈探测实例, 提出了松动圈雷达探测方法、图像分析及探测结果应用。结果表明, 采用地质雷达探测巷道围岩松动圈是可行的, 可以用于指导巷道围岩的锚杆支护设计。     

钻孔岩芯饼状断裂破坏机制

本文首先阐述岩芯饼状断裂及其特征, 进而用断裂力学的理论与方法对岩饼破坏进行了断裂扩张机制的分析, 不但合理地解释了断裂特征及断裂破坏机制, 且以二滩坝址为例, 分析了产生钻孔岩饼的微裂纹条件及应力条件, 为定量地评价坝址地应力状态, 包括其大小及方向提供了一种新的方法。上述不仅具有重要的理论意义, 而且具有重要的工程实际意义。