中国沿岸相对海面变化的本征分析和预测

利用经验正交函数的方法，将平均海面分解为正交时，空函数积的代数和。采用起主导作用的正交函数进行组合，得到修正的海平面变化值，它消除了某些随机的影响。去掉平均海面主要时间本征函数中的主要周期部分，求得剩余部分的变化率，乘以空间本征函数可得各站平均海面的变化速率，对未来的时间本征函数作出预报，便可得到未来的平均海面预报值。     

生态足迹模型在我国土地可持续利用评价中的应用及启示

近年来,我国土地资源的不合理利用给生态环境带来了诸多负面影响,这使开展土地可持续利用评价研究成为当务之急,而科学发展观和新一轮土地利用总体规划修编工作的开展,为土地可持续利用评价研究提出了新的要求。生态足迹模型是目前可持续发展评价领域的研究热点,为土地可持续利用评价提供了重要途径。该文分析生态足迹模型在我国土地可持续利用评价中的研究现状,指出研究中主要存在评价精度较低、研究内容不全、应用方法单一等不足,并从研究尺度、研究精度、研究内容、研究方法和对土地利用相关政策启示等角度,提出需进一步改进的方向和建议。     

白令海夏季水文结构年际变化特征研究

基于2008、2010、2012和2014年我国北极科学考察期间在白令海获取的水文观测数据,结合历史共享资料,通过对白令海水团、上层海洋热含量、净热通量变化、风场及海平面气压分布情况等的分析,探讨了白令海水文结构的年际变化特征及其原因。研究发现,白令海夏季的水团包括白令海上层水团(BUW)、中层水团(BIW)、深层水团(BDW)和白令海陆架水团(BSW)。白令海温盐分布差异最大、年际变化最剧烈的情况主要集中在上层水团。对比4年水团分布情况,最明显的变化是2012年7月调查区上层海水温度偏低,2014年7月上层海水温度偏高。这种异常变化在热含量方面表现为:2012年7月调查区各个测站上的热含量异常低,而2014年7月测站上的热含量都高于平均水平。着重研究了2014年7月海温偏高的原因,认为是由于陆架和海盆区分别有两种不同的形成机制造成:陆架区累积净热通量偏高,海水吸收热量升温;海盆区在异常强大而持久的海面气压(SLP)高压系统下,海面负的风应力旋度得到加强,从而引起持续的暖平流输送及强烈的Ekman抽吸作用,最终导致了上层海水偏暖。     

气温、气压对脑梗塞患者血液流变的影响

为了观察气候因素对脑梗塞的影响,分析了遵化地区一年四季气温、气压与脑梗塞血流变的关系,并进行相关分析,推导出回归方程。结果表明：气温、气压与脑梗塞患者全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞电泳时间明显相关。随着气温、气压的变化,全血高切粘度、低切粘度、红细胞电泳呈现明显波动性,为不同季节脑梗塞的治疗提供了科学依据。     

甘蒙北山地区乌兰努如东山尾扭折翻转式推覆构造特征

乌兰努如东山尾推覆构造位于北山地区众多推覆构造带的最北缘弧形推覆构造带转折部位。由于推覆带前缘受推覆体原地系统的不均匀阻力作用，致使蓟县系白云质大理岩在向北推覆过程中，东西两段向北倾的岩层发生扭折，使东段（东山）岩层发生向南翻转，以倒转产状推覆到下石炭统火山一沉积岩系之上，形成极为特殊的扭折翻转式推覆构造。     

Discussion on Induan-Olenekian Boundary in Chaohu, Anhui Province, China

This paper proposes a scheme for the definition of the Lower Triassic Induan-Olenekian boundary (IOB) based on investigation of sections in Chaohu, Anhui Province, China as well as data accumulated from other studies elsewhere. The conodont Neospathodus waageni is suggested as the index fossil of the boundary. According to the FAD of N. waageni, the IOB is at the base of bed 25-2 of the West Pingdingshan Section in Chaohu, 42.19 m above the Permian-Triassic boundary, and it is slightly higher than the base of the Flemingites-Euflemingites Ammonoid Zone at the section.     

Static and Dynamic Flexural Strength Anisotropy of Barre Granite

Granite exhibits anisotropy due to pre-existing microcracks under tectonic loadings; and the mechanical property anisotropy such as flexural/tensile strength is vital to many rock engineering applications. In this paper, Barre Granite is studied to understand the flexural strength anisotropy under a wide range of loading rates using newly proposed semi-circular bend tests. Static tests are conducted with a MTS hydraulic servo-control testing machine and dynamic tests with a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. Six samples groups are fabricated with respect to the three principle directions of Barre granite. Pulse shaping technique is used in all dynamic SHPB tests to facilitate dynamic stress equilibrium. Finite element method is utilized to build up equations calculating the flexural tensile strength. For samples in the same orientation group, a loading rate dependence of the flexural tensile strength is observed. The measured flexural tensile strength is higher than the tensile strength measured using Brazilian disc method at given loading rate and this scenario has been rationalized using a non-local failure theory. The flexural tensile strength anisotropy features obvious dependence on the loading rates, the higher the loading rate, the less the anisotropy and this phenomenon may be explained considering the interaction of the preferentially oriented microcracks.     

Proposed GSSP for the base of Cambrian Stage 9, coinciding with the first appearance of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Agnostotes orientalis</Emphasis>, at Duibian,Zhejiang, China

Exposed in natural outcrops near the Duibian Village, Jiangshan County, Zhejiang Province, China, the Duibian B section is proposed as the boundary stratotype for the base of an unnamed stage termed provisionally Cambrian Stage 9. The proposed position of the GSSP is 108.12 m above the base of the Huayansi Formation, at a horizon coinciding with the first appearance of the cosmopolitan agnostoid trilobite Agnostotes orientalis. This horizon coincides also with the first appearance of the cosmopolitan polymerid trilobite Irvingella angustilimbata. The section fulfills all the requirements for a GSSP, and the horizon can be constrained not only by the primary stratigraphic marker (A. orientalis) but also with secondary biostratigraphic, chemostratigraphic, and sequence-stratigraphic correlation tools. The first appearance of A. orientalis is one of the most readily recognizable levels in Cambrian, and can be correlated with precision to all paleocontinents. Supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-122), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos. 2006FY120300, 2006CB806400), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40072003, 40023002, 40332018, 40672023, 40602002), and the U.S. National Science Foundation (Grant No. EAR-0106883)     

科尔沁沙地沙丘固定过程中植物生物量及土壤特性

为了解沙丘固定不同阶段植物群落的生物量特点及土壤理化特性的变化规律,研究比较了科尔沁沙地流动沙丘、半固定沙丘、固定沙丘、沙质草地4种生境的地上、地下生物量,并分4层土壤深度分析了土壤理化特性的演变特征及相关关系.结果表明:(1)植物地上生物量与地下生物量显著正相关,0~10 cm土层地下生物量最大,随着沙丘的固定,地下10～20、20～40、40～60 cm深度土层的生物量显著增加,植物地上生物量依次增大,分别为2.20、98.10、131.41、190.38 g·m^-2,地下地上生物量比依次为10.44、1.67、0.81、1.18;(2)随着沙丘的固定,表层土壤容重由1.62 g·cm³下降到1.33 g·cm³,各土层的粉沙和极细沙的占比依次增加,中沙比例依次减小,土壤碳氮含量、碳氮比、pH值、电导率均逐渐增加;(3)地上、地下生物量均与表层土壤碳氮含量、pH值、电导率显著正相关,土壤碳、氮含量均与pH值、电导率、土壤水分含量显著正相关,与土壤容重显著负相关(p<0.05).综上所述,沙丘恢复过程中植物生物量的增加与表层土壤颗粒细化、营养物质增多、水分增加密切相关,土壤-植被系统构成了有机的综合体.