基于高分辨率高度计沿轨数据吕宋海峡亚中尺度过程季节波动分析

亚中尺度过程是指海洋流场罗斯贝数接近于1,空间尺度量级1km、时间尺度量级1d的动力学过程.根据高分辨率的Jason-2卫星高度计沿轨数据,采用改进的方差归一化方法,结合一维功率谱斜率分析,对南海吕宋海峡海域亚中尺度过程进行季节性统计,结果表明:吕宋海峡亚中尺度过程季节高发月份特性与相应的海平面异常波动特性较为一致性,较大的月份主要出现在秋冬季节,夏季波动相对较弱.结合当前研究和实例观测,冬季黑潮入侵和两侧"波动高能区"涡流波动是亚中尺度高发的诱因.     

Source and yearly distribution of PAHs in the snow from the Hailuogou glacier of Mountain Gongga,China

Snow samples were collected over a 3-year period from 2012 to 2014 at the Hailuogou glacier of Mountain Gongga (Mt. Gongga) and analyzed for 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). The results show that total average levels of the 16 PAHs ranged from 452 to 290 ng·L^?1 with a possible declining trend from 2012 to 2014. Distances between the sampling sites and the emission sources were estimated at typically less than 500 km. The results suggest that the major source of PAHs was from coal combustion, while contributions from automobile exhaust played an important role in more recent years. This finding was in agreement with the characteristics of presence of local industry, residence, and recent development of tourism of the surrounding areas.     

Petrology and PGE Abundances of High‐Cr and High‐Al Podiform Chromitites and Peridotites from the Bulqiza Ultramafic Massif,Eastern Mirdita Ophiolite,Albania

The Bulqiza ultramafic massif, which is part of the eastern Mirdita ophiolite of northern Albania, is world renowned for its high-Cr chromitite deposits. High-Cr chromitites hosted in the mantle section are the crystallized products of boninitic melts in a supra-subduction zone (SSZ). However, economically important high-Al chromitites are also present in massive dunite of the mantle-crust transition zone (MTZ). Chromian-spinel in the high-Al chromitites and dunites of the MTZ have much lower Cr# values (100Cr/(Cr+Al)) (47.7–55.1 and 46.5–51.7, respectively) than those in the high-Cr chromitites (78.2–80.4), harzburgites (72.6–77.9) and mantle dunites (79.4–84.3). The chemical differences in these two types of chromitites are reflected in the behaviors of their platinum-group elements (PGE). The high-Cr chromitites are rich in IPGE relative to PPGE with 0.10–0.45 PPGE/IPGE ratios, whereas the high-Al chromitites have relatively higher PPGE/IPGE ratios between 1.20 and 7.80. The calculated melts in equilibrium with the high-Cr chromitites are boninitic-like, and those associated with the high-Al chromitites are MORB-like but with hydrous, oxidized and TiO2-poor features. We propose that the coexistence of both types of chromitites in the Bulqiza ultramafic massif may indicates a change in magma composition from MORB-like to boninitic-like in a proto-forearc setting during subduction initiation.     

A New Ootype of Dinosaur Egg (Faveoloolithidae: Duovallumoolithus shangdanensis oogen. et oosp. nov.) from the Late Cretaceous in the Shangdan Basin,Shaanxi Province,China

A new ootype collected from the Upper Cretaceous Lijiacun Formation in the Shangdan Basin, Shaanxi Province is described in this paper. Based on general external shape, size, eggshell thickness and honeycomb‐like eggshell microstructure, eggs are referable to the oofamily Faveoloolithidae. Compared with other members of Faveoloolithidae, specimens described in this paper show special characteristics: adjacent pores are usually separated by two eggshell units between which often develop interspaces; columnar eggshell units are relatively closely arranged in radial view. According to these characteristics, we erect a new oogenus and a new oospecies: Duovallumoolithus shangdanensis oogen. et oosp. nov. The new discovery expands the diversity of Faveoloolithidae.     

李家峡水电站坝址环境水化学特征与演变

坝址环境水质及其时空变化隐含了丰富的信息,可以揭示水、岩、帷幕间的相互作用情况以及渗流条件的改变。以李家峡水电站为例,对坝址不同部位渗流水进行采样检测的基础上,综合运用水化学图示、统计分析等方法,研究了坝址环境水质空间分布特征,并与之前的检测结果对比分析水质变化趋势。研究显示,廊道内渗水总体上呈现出“高矿化”的特征,且坝基部位较两岸坝肩尤甚,表明两岸部位帷幕前后水力联系相对活跃;从时间演变看,左岸及坝基廊道部位的水质与此前检测分布较为一致,表明对应部位防渗性能变化稳定;右岸水样两次检测情况变化较大,表明右岸廊道部分部位渗流条件变化较大。     

温石棉通过活性氧激活线粒体通路诱导A549细胞凋亡的机制研究

探讨活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)在温石棉激活线粒体通路诱导A549凋亡中的作用。采用不同浓度温石棉粉尘染毒人肺上皮细胞(A549)后,MTT法检测细胞存活率,流式细胞术检测ROS抑制剂N-乙酰半胱氨酸(N-acetyl-L-cysteine,NAC)预处理前后的细胞凋亡率、胞内ROS水平及线粒体膜电位,Western Blot法检测各组细胞半胱天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(caspase-3)、p53蛋白表达水平。实验结果显示,温石棉可降低A549细胞存活率,呈现时间-剂量效应关系;NAC可显著减少胞内ROS水平、阻止线粒体膜电位下降,并下调caspase-3、p53蛋白的表达水平,抑制部分细胞凋亡的发生。表明ROS可通过诱导p53蛋白过表达,激活线粒体凋亡通路,诱导A549细胞发生凋亡。     

PM2.5降尘对A549细胞线粒体氧化损伤的影响

将不同浓度PM_(2.5)降尘作用于A549细胞后,利用MTT法检测其存活率,W-G染色观察细胞形态,荧光探针法检测细胞ROS和MMP相对水平,以探讨PM_(2.5)降尘对A549细胞线粒体氧化损伤的影响及作用机制。结果显示,经12. 5μg/m L的PM_(2.5)降尘作用A549细胞3 h后,细胞存活率为(81. 77±6. 15)%,并随作用浓度及时间增加呈递减趋势。PM_(2.5)染毒后可观察到细胞形态不规则,胞膜溶解破坏,细胞微核出现。PM_(2.5)降尘作用于细胞24 h后,胞内ROS相对含量随暴露浓度增加呈递增趋势,细胞MMP相对水平随染毒浓度增加而降低,且胞内ROS和MMP两者间存在显著相关关系(R2=0. 878)。提示PM_(2.5)降尘处理A549细胞后可通过刺激ROS的产生,诱导细胞MMP下降,造成细胞线粒体氧化损伤。     

Ion chemistry of groundwater and the possible controls within Lhasa River Basin,SW Tibetan Plateau

In order to study the major ion chemistry and controls of groundwater, 65 groundwater samples were collected and their major ions measured from wells within Lhasa River Basin. Groundwater has the characteristics of slightly alkaline and moderate total dissolved solid (TDS). TDS concentration ranged from 122.0 to 489.9 mg/L with a median value of 271.2 mg/L. Almost all the groundwater samples suited for drinking and irrigation. The major cations of groundwater are Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, accounting for 59.6 and 31.3% of the cations, respectively. Meanwhile, HCO₃^? and SO₄^2? constituted about 56.7 and 36.9% of the anions, respectively, in Lhasa River Basin. The hydrochemical type of groundwater is HCO₃-SO₄-Ca-Mg. The chemical composition of groundwater samples located in the middle of Gibbs model, which indicates that the major chemical process of groundwater is controlled by rock weathering. Carbonate weathering was the dominant hydro-geochemical process controlling the concentration of major ions in groundwater within Lhasa River Basin, but silicate weathering also plays an important role.     

徐淮地区早白垩世丰山和蔡山高镁埃达克质岩:拆沉下地壳熔融的熔体与地幔橄榄岩的反应

徐淮地区丰山花岗闪长斑岩和蔡山石英闪长玢岩的岩石地球化学、Sr-Nd-Hf同位素和石榴石的矿物化学研究对探讨华北克拉通东南缘早白垩世高镁埃达克质岩的岩石成因和构造演化具有重要意义。结果表明,丰山花岗闪长斑岩和蔡山石英闪长玢岩具高SiO_2(60.98%～67.88%)、富Al_2O_3(14.37%～15.04%)以及高的Na_2O/K_2O比值(1.58～2.24)和Mg~#值(57～66)的特征;富集LILE(Rb、Ba、Sr)和LREE,亏损HFSE(Nb、Ta、Ti)和HREE,具有Pb正异常和弱的Eu异常;结合高的Sr含量(579×10~(-6)～778×10~(-6))以及Sr/Y(33～69)和(La/Yb)_N比值(8.63～13.7),低的Y(10.5×10~(-6)～17.8×10~(-6))和Yb含量(0.74×10~(-6)～1.17×10~(-6)),暗示它们属于高镁埃达克质岩。丰山和蔡山埃达克质岩石的初始~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值介于0.7079～0.7086之间,ε_(Nd)(t)值变化于-10.77～-7.18之间,t_(DM2)=1504～1793Ma;岩浆锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值为-14.2～-5.3,t_(DM2)=2101～2898Ma。徐淮地区早白垩世利国、班井、夹沟高镁埃达克质岩石中岩浆锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值分别介于-13.4～-7.0、-13.4～-7.9和-15.9～-4.5之间,它们的t_(DM2)分别变化于2248～2825Ma、2331～2824Ma和2030～3048Ma之间。徐淮地区丰山和蔡山高镁埃达克质岩的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成和丰山花岗闪长斑岩中铁铝榴石残留晶的存在,结合它们高的Pb同位素组成和继承锆石U-Pb年代学暗示,丰山和蔡山高镁埃达克质岩浆主要起源于俯冲断离的扬子克拉通石榴辉石岩相下地壳物质熔融的熔体与地幔橄榄岩的反应,同时有拆沉的华北克拉通基底物质的参与,形成于华北克拉通东部岩石圈减薄的伸展构造背景。