养殖黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) 鮰爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella ictaluri)的分离鉴定与生物学特性研究

从四川眉山与新津两地患红头病的养殖黄颡鱼体内分离到2株优势菌(CHNYC001与CHNYC002),以腹腔注射与浸泡的方式进行人工感染试验,证实其为养殖黄颡鱼红头病的病原菌。根据分离菌株的形态、生理生化特性,结合16SrDNA序列测定(GenBank登录号分别为FJ766524、FJ766525)与系统发育分析,将其鉴定为鮰爱德华氏菌(Edwardsie lla ictaluri)。分离菌株最适生长温度为20—30℃,最适生长pH为7.0,在含盐量2%以上的培养基上不生长,对氟苯尼考、强力霉素、洛美沙星等敏感,对乙酰螺旋霉素、磺胺甲基异噁唑和麦迪霉素等不敏感。临床病理特征分析发现,养殖黄颡鱼感染爱德华氏菌临床上分为急性与慢性两种类型,急性型主要表现为败血症的病变特征,慢性型表现为头顶出血,发红与溃疡的病变特征。     

鲆鲽鱼类品种遗传改良的研究进展

<正>动植物育种的科学理论在20世纪初期建立起来[1]。到20世纪60年代,随着遗传学和其他自然科学的不断发展,扩大了生物遗传改良的范围,除了传统的选择育种和杂交育种仍是行之有效的方法外,还发展了辐射诱变、化学诱变、单倍体、多倍体、体细胞杂交、细胞核移植、抗性、染色体工程以及基因工程育种等方法[2]。上述育种技术在许多方面得到了广泛应用,尤其在禽畜和农作物品种改良、创造新品种和产业开发应用中成果显著。但是在水产领域取得的遗传育种成就还很有限,系统选育的优良品种很少,绝大多数的养殖对象是野生品种,大约仅1%～2%的水产品得益于品种的遗传改良[1]。     

中国东南沿海和平水母科二新种

报道中国东南沿海和平水母科2新种,即八辐和平水母Eireneoctonemalis sp.nov.和黑疣真瘤水母Eutimakrampi sp.nov.。     

南大西洋沉积物中多环芳香化合物的组成特征研究

10 samples of sediments obtained from the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge were measured for the abundances and distributions of polycyclic aromatic compounds(PAHs). The total concentrations of PAHs(∑PAHs) ranged from 2.768 to 9.826 μg/g dry sediment. The ∑PAHs was higher in sample 22V-TVG10 and sample 26V-TVG05 which were close to hydrothermal fields, with the lowest value in sample 22V-TVG14 which was farthest from hydrothermal fields, suggesting a probable hydrothermal origin of ∑PAHs of samples. Approximately nine kinds of PAHs were identified, and low molecular mass tricyclic and tetracyclic aromatic compounds were predominant in the samples. The concentrations of fluoranthene which were typical as hydrothermal alteration compounds were the highest among PAHs with dry weight between 0.913–3.157 μg/g. The phenanthrene homologue was most abundant in the samples, and the ratios between parent phenanthrene and methylphenanthrene which probably reflected the degree of hydrothermal alteration ranged from 0.097 to 1.602. The sample 22V-TVG10 possessing a maximum ratio value showed the intense influence of the hydrothermal alteration on this sample, which might further imply that PAHs in sediments were mainly derived from the hydrothermal alteration.     

福建省兴化湾、九龙江河口和东山湾潮间带沉积物岩心碘研究

用碱熔法处理样品,水沥取,用分光光度法测量了采集自福建省兴化湾、九龙江河口和东山湾3个海湾潮间带沉积物岩心的碘分布。兴化湾、九龙江河口和东山湾3岩心中的碘含量分别为2.5~43.7,17.3~39.6和11.3~29.1 mg/kg。3个沉积物岩心中的碘含量稍高于福建省的土壤的碘含量,与我国海域的沉积物碘含量在同一水平,但明显低于文献报道的开阔海域沉积物的碘含量。兴化湾和东山湾沉积物中的碘与有机碳含量有较好的相关性;在九龙江河口采集的岩心中的碘与有机物碳含量的相关性较差。推测海洋源的沉积物碘与有机碳含量相关性较好,而陆源沉积物的碘与有机碳含量相关性较差。     

First six months quality assessment of HY-2A SCAT wind products using in situ measurements

The first Chinese microwave ocean environment satellite HY-2A, carrying a Ku-band scatteromenter （SCAT）, was successfully launched in August 2011. The first quality assessment of HY-2A SCAT wind products is presented through the comparison of the first 6 months operationally released SCAT products with in situ data. The in situ winds from the National Data Buoy Center （NDBC） buoys, R/V Polarstern, Aurora Australis, Roger Revelle and PY30-1 oil platform, were converted to the 10 m equivalent neutral winds. The temporal and spatial differences between the HY-2A SCAT and the in situ observations were limited to less than 5 min and 12.5 km. For HY-2A SCAT wind speed products, the comparison and analysis using the NDBC buoys yield a bias of-0.49 m/s, a root mean square error （RMSE） of 1.3 m/s and an increase negative bias with increasing wind speed observation above 3 m/s. Although less accurate of HY-2A SCAT wind direction at low winds, the RMSE of 19.19° with a bias of 0.92° is found for wind speeds higher than 3 m/s. These results are found consistent with those from R/Vs and oil platform comparisons. Moreover, the NDBC buoy comparison results also suggest that the accuracy of HY-2A SCAT winds is consistent over the first half year of 2012. The encouraging assessment results over the first 6 months show that wind products from HY-2A SCAT will be useful for scientific community.     

Study of tide prediction method influenced by nonperiodic factors based on support vector machines

Harmonic analysis, the traditional tidal forecasting method, cannot take into account the impact of noncyclical factors, and is also based on the BP neural network tidal prediction model which is easily limited by the amount of data. According to the movement of celestial bodies, and considering the insufficient tidal characteristics of historical data which are impacted by the nonperiodic weather, a tidal prediction method is designed based on support vector machine (SVM) to carry out the simulation experiment by using tidal data from Xiamen Tide Gauge, Luchaogang Tide Gauge and Weifang Tide Gauge individually. And the results show that the model satisfactorily carries out the tide prediction which is influenced by noncyclical factors. At the same time, it also proves that the proposed prediction method, which when compared with harmonic analysis method and the BP neural network method, has faster modeling speed, higher prediction precision and stronger generalization ability.     

波致液化粉质土有效应力变化的试验数据分析

海床不稳定性的现象很多都是海底液化引起的。根据之前的研究,粉土在液化之后有效应力会依然存在,关于波浪作用下海床液化之后有效应力变化的研究很少。采用波浪水槽实验,在未液化和液化2种情况下,分别施加不同波高的波浪,对底床各层位土体孔隙水压力进行采集,并对比研究。实验结果表明,液化后有效应力的相对值相对于液化前有很明显的减小,并且在深度上表现出显著的差异性,这种差异性随着波高的增大而减小。当相同深度处同一种波高作用一定时间时,有效应力会出现极大值,然后有效应力会减小。     

西湖凹陷Y构造花港组气藏特征及成藏主控因素

以常规和非常规油气成藏理论为指导,结合储层、流体等测试分析结果,开展西湖凹陷Y构造花港组气藏特征及成藏主控因素研究。结果表明：① 花港组垂向上符合中下部致密砂岩气、上部常规天然气藏的分布序列;② 常规气藏气水关系正常,受断盖配置对沿断裂运移油气的封闭作用和断层侧向封堵能力影响,油气主要在区域盖层之下的断背斜顶部富集;③ 致密气藏具叠覆跨越源储组合关系,含气饱和度低,无明显气水界面,属先致密后成藏类型,不同部位含气性受构造幅度和储层物性共同控制。本次研究丰富和完善了西湖凹陷常规-非常规天然气序列成藏规律,并为致密砂岩气的勘探提供理论指导。     

Molecular characterization and expression of the SiUCP2 gene in sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius

Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a proton transporter located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and inhibits the formation of adenosine triphosphate and reacti...