创意产业的兴起及其理论研究探析

创意产业是知识经济时代的产物,以知识经济为基础的创意产业结合灵感、创意带来发展潜能与就业,成为一些国家特别是具有丰厚历史文化资产的国家未来发展及转型的契机。创意产业已成为城市发展理论界关注和研究的焦点。该文对创意产业的理论研究和相关文献进行了梳理和简评,结合我国发展创意产业的背景,提出需要进一步研究的问题和对策。     

柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤加减治疗失眠肝郁化火证40例临床观察

目的：观察柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤加减联合艾司唑仑治疗失眠肝郁化火证的临床疗效。方法：将80例失眠肝郁化火证患者随机分为2组各40例。对照组给予艾司唑仑口服治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上结合柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤加减治疗,疗程均为20d,观察比较2组综合疗效及PSQI评分与中医证候评分。结果：总有效率治疗组为92.5%,对照组为67.5%,组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;2组PSQI评分、中医证候评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤加减联合艾司唑仑治疗失眠肝郁化火证具有较好的临床疗效。     

五味安神颗粒干法制粒工艺优化研究

目的：提高五味安神颗粒的产品质量,优化制备工艺。方法：通过单因素试验优化颗粒的制备工艺,以辊压制粒后的干颗粒粒径分布为考核指标,对影响干压制粒的轧辊压力、轧辊转速和物料的传送速度进行考察。结果：优化后的干法制粒工艺中间体颗粒得率达到64%,工艺参数为螺旋转速120rpm,轧辊转速26rpm,轧辊间隙0.8mm,整粒转速150rpm,工作压力120bar,整粒孔径1.5mm。结论：干法制粒工艺制备的中间体颗粒符合质量要求。     

斯堪的纳维亚半岛及周边地区城镇发展适宜性评价

城镇发展适宜性研究有助于了解城镇发展的优势条件,为确定城镇建设规划的扩展方向提供依据。在北极与亚北极开展研究对中国开展在城镇化、重大基础设施、廊道建设方面的国际合作有重大意义。本文使用多源数据,在采样的基础上利用逐步法的思想进行变量筛选,共筛选出5个显著指标,用logistic方法拟合出最终的模型进行城镇发展适宜性评价,最终得到研究区城镇发展适宜性分级图。研究结果表明：筛选后的显著指标对研究区城镇分布的影响作用大小排序为,温度（正向）、交通网密度（正向）、海拔高度（反向）、人口密度（正向）、距港口距离（反向）;温度、交通网密度、海拔高度、人口密度、距最近港口距离增加1个单位,城镇发展的几率分别比原来增加了38.4%、16.7%、9%、0.4%、0.1%;研究区的Ⅰ（不适宜）、Ⅱ（中度适宜）、Ⅲ（高度适宜）的城镇发展适宜性均值分别为0.03、0.16、0.68（分别约占研究区总面积的76.82%、21.82%、1.37%）;城镇发展适宜性总体呈现出随纬度升高而降低、随经度升高而增加的趋势,适宜城镇发展的气候地理条件是温带大陆性湿润气候带和温带海洋性气候带以及平原与低地地区;研究区的城镇发展适宜性俄罗斯西北部为0.08、瑞典为0.07、芬兰为0.06、挪威为0.03。俄罗斯西北部城镇发展适宜性整体上呈现出北低南高,南部呈现两边高中间低的空间布局;瑞典呈现出西北低东南高,沿海大于内陆的空间布局;芬兰呈现出北（高原）低南（沿海）高,中部次高的空间布局;挪威呈现出南部沿海高,西部沿海次高,其他区域低的空间布局。     

山东蓬莱地区侯格庄金矿床流体包裹体特征

侯格庄金矿床位于胶东栖(霞)-蓬(莱)金成矿带大柳行金矿田东南部。该文采用包裹体显微测温方法对金矿石中石英矿物内残留的流体包裹体进行研究,总结了金矿石石英矿物中的流体包裹体特征,并对该矿床成矿流体来源、矿床成因进行了研究。研究表明,该矿床石英矿物中流体包裹体以纯液包裹体为主,次为H_2O-CO_2气液两相包裹体及H_2O-CO_2三相包裹体,未见含子矿物包裹体。均一温度在109~396℃,盐度在2.9~22.44wt%NaCl,密度在0.64~1.06g/cm~3之间,估算成矿压力为128~340MPa,成矿深度约4.4~11.6km。该矿床至少经历了2个矿化期次,成矿流体为中低温、低盐度、低密度流体,流体来源于天水与岩浆水的混合产物,属中低温、中浅成热液矿床。     

From China’s Heavy Precipitation in 2020 to a “Glocal” Hydrometeorological Solution for Flood Risk Prediction

The prolonged mei-yu/baiu system with anomalous precipitation in the year 2020 has swollen many rivers and lakes,caused flash flooding,urban flooding and landslides,and consistently wreaked havoc across large swathes of China,particularly in the Yangtze River basin.Significant precipitation and flooding anomalies have already been seen in magnitude and extension so far this year,which have been exerting much higher pressure on emergency responses in flood control and mitigation than in other years,even though a rainy season with multiple ongoing serious flood events in different provinces is not that uncommon in China.Instead of delving into the causes of the uniqueness of this year’s extreme precipitation-flooding situation,which certainly warrants in-depth exploration,in this article we provide a short view toward a more general hydrometeorological solution to this annual nationwide problem.A“glocal”(global to local)hydrometeorological solution for floods(GHS-F)is considered to be critical for better preparedness,mitigation,and management of different types of significant precipitation-caused flooding,which happen extensively almost every year in many countries such as China,India and the United States.Such a GHS-F model is necessary from both scientific and operational perspectives,with the strength in providing spatially consistent flood definitions and spatially distributed flood risk classification considering the heterogeneity in vulnerability and resilience across the entire domain.Priorities in the development of such a GHS-F are suggested,emphasizing the user’s requirements and needs according to practical experiences with various flood response agencies.     

广盐性鱼类渗透压适应性与生理可塑性机制研究

拥有强大的渗透压调节能力对广盐性鱼类的生存至关重要。目前,关于鱼类渗透压调节机制已有不少研究,但均存在较大的局限性。本文从广盐性鱼类渗透压信号转导机制、渗透胁迫的细胞调控机制、渗透调控的内分泌调节机制和无机离子通道和转运蛋白介导的渗透调控等方面对广盐性鱼类的渗透压适应性和生理可塑性机制进行分析,以期从分子、细胞、通路和生理等层次初步探索广盐性鱼类盐度胁迫后的可塑性表型变化和不同盐度条件下的应答机制,为广盐性鱼类的渗透压调节机制的深入研究奠定基础。对广盐性鱼类渗透压适应性与生理可塑性机制研究,有助于研究其环境适应机理,促进野生鱼种的人工化养殖以及新品种的育种从而提高经济效益、社会效益和生态效益,对促进水产养殖学进步以及养殖业的发展具有重要意义,同时,为研究广盐性鱼类的渗透压调节机制开辟新的研究方向。     

中国九龙江河口营养盐基准值研究

One of the key concerns in estuarine and coastal environments is eutrophication, which is known to be closely connected to nutrient enrichment. To control and improve surface water quality, nutrient criteria are recommended in order to provide reference conditions for the environment. However, the current datasets of nutrient criteria in China are either designed for surface water or sea water, and as such these are not suitable for assessing estuarine water quality, especially given the unique ecosystem and dynamic properties of estuaries. To address this issue in current estuarine water management, nutrient criteria have been developed for a local estuary in the southeast of China. Segmentation of the Jiulong River Estuary, China was firstly analysed through field investigations carried out during 2013–2014, which resulted in the delineation of three segments characterized by their distinct properties in relation to salinity, hydrology, ecosystems, etc. Historical records from 1997 to 2014 were then analysed using statistical modelling to develop candidate nutrient criteria for the estuary.This stage of the analysis was undertaken in combination with the study of nutrient status records from the 1980s,which were used to establish a baseline reference condition. The recommended criteria values of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) in Segments Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of the Jiulong River Estuary are 64, 21 and 14 μmol/L,respectively, and the corresponding values for soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP) are 0.89, 0.76 and 0.89 μmol/L,respectively. It should be emphasised that these values are site-dependent, and that different results may be achieved at other locations depending on the physical and biogeochemical characteristics of an estuary, or even a single site within a catchment. It is hoped that by demonstrating a possible methodological approach and methods of nutrient criteria derivation in the Jiulong River Estuary, the current study will offer researchers some fundamental basis from which to begin to develop more complete nutrient criteria indices for the study of nutrient conditions in other estuaries throughout China.     

白令海大型底栖动物群落结构及其空间分布格局

Due to its unique geological location, the Bering Sea is an ideal place to investigate the water exchange and ecosystem connectivity of the Pacific Ocean–Arctic Ocean and subarctic–Arctic region. Based on a number of summer surveys(July to September, 2010, 2012 and 2014), macrobenthic communities and their spatial-temporal patterns are exhibited for the majority of the Bering Sea(53°59′–64°36′N). The results show that the macrobenthic communities were dominated by northern cold-water species and immigrant eurythermic species, and the communities assumed a dispersed and patchy distribution pattern. Polychaetes(Scoloplos armiger), crustaceans(Ceradocus capensis) and sea urchins(Echinarachnius parma) were the main dominant groups in the shallow shelves; the sea star(Ctenodiscus crispatus) and the brittle star(Ophiura sarsii) were the main dominant groups in the continental slope; whereas small polychaetes(Prionospio malmgreni) dominated the basin area. Sediment type, water depth, and currents were the major factors affecting the structure and spatial distribution of the macrobenthic communities. Compared with other seas, the shallow areas of the Bering Sea showed an extremely high-standing biomass. In particular, the northern shelf area(north of St. Lawrence Islands and west of 170°W),which is primarily controlled by Anadyr Water, is an undersea oasis. In contrast, a deficiency in the downward transport of particulate organic carbon has resulted in a desert-like seabed in the basin area. By comparing our results to previous studies, we found that macrobenthic communities of the Bering Sea have undergone significant structural changes in recent decades, resulting in a decrease in abundance and an increase in biomass.In addition, populations of amphipods and bivalves in the northern shelves have decreased significantly and have been gradually replaced by other species. These changes might be associated with advanced seasonal ice melting,changes in organic carbon input, and global warming, indicating that large-scale ecosystem changes have been occurring in the Bering Sea.     

舟山渔场软体生物中PCBs的残留及潜在生态风险

本文测定了舟山渔场附近6个沿海城市5种软体动物体内多氯联苯的污染水平,并进一步探讨了其潜在来源以及生态风险。结果显示,样品中PCBs的总含量水平为18.0~95.9 ng/g干重,平均含量为51.9 ng/g干重,与世界其他海域相比处于中等污染水平。组分分析表明,五氯联苯和二氯联苯为主要组成。PCBs的健康风险HR值均远低于1,表明日常食用不会对人体健康产生明显危害。