青藏高原腹地湖泊沉积对第四纪晚期古季风变化的响应

通过对青藏高原腹地的综合科学考察和对中心钻孔岩芯剖面的最新研究,用层序地层学与年代地层学和气候地层学相结合的方法,分辨出可可西里地区湖泊沉积记录(孔深7.25 m)的第四纪晚期距今3万余年以来的古气候变化,沉积物磁化率等因子综合表征的高原古季风变化是波动发展的,发生在仙女木期地质环境事件中的季风活动具有强烈暴发的特点,是高原季风发展中的突变事件,而且地表热点效应对其起到了激发作用。综合分析的研究成果表明,它的变化频谱与激变因子及其运行机制是伴随着青藏高原地质效应的演变而发展的,为研究第四纪冰消期以来的气候变化提供了新的信息。     

福建平潭虎潮山滑坡成因机理分析与评价

虎潮山滑坡位于平宏公路12k 704~12k 884段北侧山坡体上,是平潭海岛通往陆地的唯一公路通道。论文通过定性的工程地质分析和定量计算评价了虎潮山坡体稳定性的变化趋势,提出改建公路超挖深切坡脚和持续长时间强降雨导致的孔隙水压力作用是边坡发生滑动破坏的主要因素。     

基于数据手套和跟踪器的虚拟手臂建模

文中利用数据手套和跟踪器获取手臂各关节运动数据,根据关节运动限制对所获取数据进行处理,建立了符合人体运动规律的虚拟手臂数学模型,实现了虚拟环境中与试验者的手臂同步运动、效果逼真的虚拟手臂模型.     

济阳坳陷古潜山地震采集技术研究

济阳坳陷碳酸盐岩古潜山以前地震资料存在信噪比低、速度陷阱、分辨率低、施工过程中缺炮、空道、内幕反射品质差或无反射等问题。造成上述问题除了野外施工工艺、室内处理流程和参数的影响外,在采集参数方面主要影响因素有覆盖次数低、炮检距与方位角不均匀、面元太大等。针对济阳坳陷古潜山三维地震资料采集应以目标设计为指导思想,以基于模型分析的三维采集参数论证为主线,最终优化各种采集参数。建立了拱张褶皱型、断裂块断型和风化残丘型三个具有代表性的古潜山地质理论模型。使用先进的“绿山”地震采集观测系统设计软件,采用“块”来描述任意复杂地质模型结构,分别设计出各自的地震采集观测系统。以林樊家潜山为例,采用12线18炮束状新观测系统模拟单炮发射接收,对各主要目的层能追踪的地层信息比原始6线9炮束状观测系统采集的地震信息丰富,能准确反映地下构造形态与地质体的物理属性。     

虚拟现实技术在矿物数字博物馆中的应用

详细介绍基于照片的虚拟现实技术在矿物数字博物馆中的实现方法和应用,并对VRML与基于照片的虚拟现实技术进行分析研究,进而对两种实现方法的发展方向和应用前景提出见解。     

Operational feasibility of neural-network-based radar rainfall estimation

An operational radar rainfall estimation system based on the adaptive radial basis function (RBF) neural network is developed. During the process of training and cross validation, the rainfall estimation was computed only at the gauge locations. Once the training is done, the radar rainfall estimation based on neural networks is applied to the full coverage area of the radar. Such large-scale application of the rainfall estimate poses several questions in the context of operational applications. This letter addresses two of those questions, namely: 1) the feasibility of adaptively updating RBF neural network models on a daily basis and 2) the ability of neural network radar rainfall estimation at high spatial resolution within reasonable and practical time frame for operational applications. Using the datasets collected by WSR-88D radar located in Melbourne, FL, it is demonstrated that radar-based rainfall estimation using an adaptive RBF neural network is feasible. The results show that 73% of overnight updating for the RBF neural network can be completed within 2 h, and the estimation over an area of 100 km/spl times/100 km can be generated within the time frame (a few tens of seconds-150 s), which is much smaller than the average radar volume scan time.     

Determining Q of near-surface materials from Rayleigh waves

High-frequency (≥2 Hz) Rayleigh wave phase velocities can be inverted to shear (S)-wave velocities for a layered earth model up to 30 m below the ground surface in many settings. Given S-wave velocity (V_S), compressional (P)-wave velocity (V_P), and Rayleigh wave phase velocities, it is feasible to solve for P-wave quality factor Q_P and S-wave quality factor Q_S in a layered earth model by inverting Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients. Model results demonstrate the plausibility of inverting Q_S from Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients. Contributions to the Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients from Q_P cannot be ignored when Vs/V_P reaches 0.45, which is not uncommon in near-surface settings. It is possible to invert Q_P from Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients in some geological setting, a concept that differs from the common perception that Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients are always far less sensitive to Q_P than to Q_S. Sixty-channel surface wave data were acquired in an Arizona desert. For a 10-layer model with a thickness of over 20 m, the data were first inverted to obtain S-wave velocities by the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method and then quality factors were determined by inverting attenuation coefficients.     

X线侧位片与高分辨率CT对鼻骨骨折的对比研究

目的　通过86例鼻骨骨折的鼻骨X线侧位片与高分辨率CT(HRCT）对比研究，确定HRCT检查对鼻骨骨折的诊断价值。材料与方祛　86例鼻外伤或/和He、面外伤的患者均进行了鼻骨X线侧位摄影、HRCT扫描检查，经集体讨论，由有经验的放射医师对全部影像资料进行分析并进行统计学处理。结果HRCT显示所有的86例鼻骨骨折，但在此86例骨折中X线平片只显示了35例阳性，包括15例鼻骨汇合部骨折，7例双侧鼻骨骨折，3例复合骨折(鼻骨汇合部及双侧鼻骨骨折)，l0例鼻区骨折。X线平片显示5l例为阴性。结论　对鼻骨骨折的诊断，HRCT明显优于鼻骨X线侧位片，HRCT扫描检查可提高X线隐性鼻骨骨折的诊断，并可明确鼻骨骨折的类型、范围和程度，为临床诊断和治疗提供可靠的依据。     

岳阳及周边地区地震构造与地震活动性研究

陈述了岳阳市及周边地区的主要断裂带及其地震活动，归纳了发震部位。认为利用小震条带预报本区地震具有积极意义，并运用数理统计法预测了本区今后50及100年内的地震活动水平。