Division of Matrix- and Fracture-Type Shale Oils in the Jiyang Depression and Their Differences

This study discussed the division of matrix- and fracture-type shale oils in the Jiyang Depression, and proposed the concept of fracture development coefficient. The fracture development coefficient is defined as the ratio of fault throw to the distance between a shale oil well and the nearest fault. Based on CO2 content, state of water, oil production and logging response of shale oil formations, the classification of shale oils was established, i.e., a fracture-type shale oil well has a fracture development coefficient greater than 0.2, while a matrix-type one has a fracture development coefficient less than 0.2. Furthermore, the key control factors of matrix- and fracture-type shale oil enrichment were analyzed using typical anatomical and statistical methods. For matrix-type shale oil enrichment, these factors are lithofacies, total organic carbon (TOC), shale porosity and abnormal pressure; for fracture-type shale oil enrichment, they are lithofacies, extent of fracture development, and abnormal pressure. This study also first described the differences between matrix- and fracture-type shale oils. The results provide reference for the exploration of terrestrial faulted basins in eastern China.     

New Species of Cretolimonia and Mesotipula (Diptera: Limoniidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Northeastern China

Two new species, Cretolimonia excelsa sp. nov. and Mesotipula gloriosa sp. nov., in Limoniidae of Diptera are described and illustrated, based on three fossil specimens with bodies and complete wings. These specimens were collected from the latest Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation at Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. These are the first fossil records of these two genera from China.     

Separation Technology of the World’s Only Chambersite Deposit Has Achieved A Big Breakthrough

<正>Chambersite is a rare mineral worldwide,a manganese chloride borate(Mn3B7O13Cl),which was first discovered in the recovered brine from a salt dome at Chambers,Texas,USA.This rare mineral has been proven to have a great utilization value in anti-nuclear radiation,hightemperature friction materials,medicine and stealth materials,and can be used in aerospace and     

Introduction to “Metallogenesis of Continental Collision”

<正>There is a general consensus that Plate Tectonics can explain metallogenesis based on the collisions between oceanic and continental crust.For instance,the large-sized porphyry copper deposits that occur along the Cordillera of the Andes around the east coast of the Pacific,and in the Phillipines,Malaysia and Indonesia along the western coast of the Pacific that sit upon the massive Pacific plates.They are considered to be typical of deposits resulting from collision between the oceanic and continental crust.Many experts,however,have long held a negative view about whether the collision between     

China First Discovered Massive Available Hot Dry Rock Resources

<正>Hot Dry Rock(HDR)refers to those generally deeply buried impermeable metamorphic or crystallized biotite gneiss,granite and granodiorite rock bodies,with a burial depth greater than 2000 m,containing no water or vapor.HDR is as implied,hot and dry,with temperatures ranging from 150 to 650℃,and it can be utilized as a heat     

Super-Large Pb-Zn Deposits Discovered in Danaopo, Huayuan County, Hunan Province

<正>Geological Brigade 405 of Hunan Provincial Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau discovered the Danaopo and Yangjiazhai super-large PbZn deposits through 5 years(2009–2014)of exploration in Huayuan County,Hunan Province.These deposits contain208.4942 million tons of(332+333)class Pb+Zn ores and4.8746 million tons of metal amounts,of which metal amounts of 333 class zinc are 4.1198 million tons and metal amounts of lead are 0.7548 million tons,associated with useful components of Cd,Ag and Se.In addition,the Limei,Qingshuitang and Yutang Pb-Zn deposits were     

基于模糊数学评价法优化凡纳滨对虾真空微波干燥工艺

【目的】探求真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的最佳工艺条件,以期为开发凡纳滨对虾即食食品提供技术参考。【方法】以新鲜凡纳滨对虾为原料,模糊数学感官评分为主要考察指标,在单因素试验基础上,选择载装量A、功率B、真空度C为自变量,利用响应面法和模糊数学评价法对真空微波干燥工艺进行优化。【结果】以感官评定为基础对真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的品质进行权重分析,得到权重集K=(色泽0.335,滋味0.305,香气0.215,组织质地0.145)。建立二次多项回归方程:Y=84.588+1.084A+1.409B+1.700C-7.353A²-8.793B²-13.860C²,显示载装量A、功率B、真空度C对感官评分有极显著影响(P<0.01)。通过响应面分析,得到真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的最佳工艺条件:载装量75 g,加热功率400 W,真空度0.08 MPa。在此条件下,真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾品质良好,感官评分为(85.6±0.07)分,与预测值85.92分误差较小。【结论】响应面法优化凡纳滨对虾真空微波干燥工艺具有操作简单、优化条件精确、结果显示直观等优点;建立的回归方程能反映装载量等三个因素对指标的影响规律,并可进行实际预测。     

面向可持续发展的水—能源—粮食纽带关系系统解析及其研究框架

水资源、能源、粮食安全是实现可持续发展的重要支撑,与可持续发展各目标存在紧密联系。论文基于水—能源—粮食纽带关系(WEF nexus)系统相关的理论、方法与应用等最新研究成果,根据研究对象的时空尺度,考虑系统物质、能量、信息交换,重新解析了WEF nexus系统的定义与组成、内部相互作用过程、输入与输出、影响因素;阐明了气候变化对水、能源、粮食3个子系统及其纽带关系,以及不同类别人类活动对WEF nexus系统的正面和负面影响。进一步分析了水、能源、粮食与可持续发展目标的关联性,以“研究主题—学科理论—技术方法—实践应用”为主线,提出了面向可持续发展的WEF nexus系统研究框架及其3个核心研究内容：WEF nexus系统内部纽带关系和总体状态评估、系统变化的驱动因素识别和系统的外部性影响分析。最后,针对WEF nexus系统跨学科分析的需求,基于纽带关系的理论研究与应用不足的现状、系统时空边界的多样性特点,剖析了多学科交叉与融合研究的具体思路;提出了基于纽带关系的综合性分析指标与计算方法的研究设想;指出了多尺度研究成果耦合应用的必要性和方式。研究可为WEF nexus系统的基础理论...     

导航卫星观测量精度评定法研究

给出了一种导航卫星观测量精度的评定方法,并结合具体算例对该方法进行了实验验证。结果表明,文中给出的方法切实可行,能够对导航卫星的观测量精度进行较为合理的评定,相关研究成果对我国北斗卫星导航系统的测试评估具有一定的参考意义。     

青岛地区海雾分布特征及风险评估

通过1978—2007年30年的气候资料,分析了青岛地区海雾发生的时间和空间分布特征。基于海雾是对青岛地区城市建设和社会经济活动影响较大的气象灾害,结合1984—2007年的雾灾情普查资料,采用灾害学风险评估的指标加权综合模型,用地理信息系统技术(GIS)开展了海雾气象风险评估。结果显示,青岛沿海地区是海雾的高发区,6、7月是海雾发生的高频时期,海雾灾害高风险集中在青岛市市南区、市北区、四方区的西南部和黄岛区东部沿海一带。