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101.
黄土的独立物性指标及其与湿陷性参数的相关性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
黄土的湿陷性是其重要的工程特性,常用一维压缩应力条件下的湿陷系数、自重湿陷系数和湿陷起始压力等指标定量评价。影响黄土湿陷性的因素较多,包括土的粒度、密度、湿度等基本物理性质指标,且各因素之间并非完全独立,存在一定相关性。采用因子分析法,通过对西安地铁4号线黄土高台地和宝鸡-兰州高速铁路隧道黄土塬湿陷性黄土场地地层物性质指标的统计分析和相关性分析,首先确定了相对独立的含水比(含水率与液限之比)和孔隙比3个物性指标反映的两个因子。然后,依据湿陷性黄土场地的试验资料,通过多元线性回归分析,分别得到了两个场地黄土的自重湿陷系数、湿陷起始压力以及压缩模量与含水比和孔隙比之间的相关关系。最后,比较分析了两个场地黄土自重湿陷系数、湿陷起始压力和压缩模量计算值与实测值,验证了利用因子分析法寻找影响黄土湿陷性的独立因子,建立黄土湿陷性参数与独立影响因子之间相关关系的合理性和准确性。针对两个地区两类地貌单元湿陷性黄土场地,建立的黄土湿陷性参数的相关关系具有快速、准确的评价黄土湿陷性和黄土地基湿陷变形的实际意义。 相似文献
102.
在结合丰镇井区域水文地质条件的基础上,分析了井水位变化与降雨量的关系。研究结果表明:开展水位(年初值、年末值、年极大值、年极小值、年际变幅和极值变幅)与年降雨量的关系研究,对区域震情的跟踪和判定具有十分重要意义。 相似文献
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104.
Hangyu Dong Baohua Guo Yizhe Li Kai Si Long Wang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(3):1169-1183
The prime objective of this work is to provide a reference to predict the peak shear strength of rock fractures. The paper studied some shear properties of rock fractures and proposed an empirical formula for the peak shear strength of rock fractures based on 3D morphology parameters. The rock fractures were induced in cylindrical sandstone and marble specimens by means of indirect tension. A rock direct shear apparatus (RDS-200) was adopted to conduct direct shear tests on five groups of rock fractures under different levels of normal load. Before the direct shear test, 3D morphology parameters of rock fracture surfaces were obtained using a 3D optical scanner. By analyses of direct shear test data, the relationships between peak shear strength, peak shear displacement, peak dilatancy angle, residual friction coefficient and peak normal stress were found. According to the evolution trends of peak shear strength and peak dilatancy angle along with the normal stress, an empirical formula was proposed to predict the peak shear strength of rock fractures in both sliding and cutting failure modes considering the 3D morphology parameters of rock fracture surfaces. The empirical formula could be commonly used for different types (sandstone and marble) and grain sizes (powder-grained, fine-grained, medium-grained and coarse-grained) of rock fractures. 相似文献
105.
利用乌鲁木齐市1990年8月6日、2001年7月11日和2013年7月4日三期热红外遥感数据,定量反演亮度温度,利用均值-标准差法对温度进行分级后评价城市热岛效应时间变化特征:1990、2001、2013年3个时段,乌鲁木齐市最大热岛强度分别为11.48℃,12.06℃和14.01℃;加权平均热岛强度分别为1.033℃,1.603℃,1.236℃;城市热岛比例指数分别为0.1054,0.3945和0.4328;乌鲁木齐市城市热岛效应在平均水平上呈现先增强、后减弱的趋势,最大热岛强度、热岛比例指数均增加,城市已初步形成区域内的"热岛",城市高温区温度将继续上升且面积存在扩展趋势.利用PSR模型构建指标体系对城市土地集约利用水平进行评价,在同时段内乌鲁木齐市城市土地集约利用水平和协调性均在提高.从评价结果出发,通过相关分析,得出基于土地集约利用的城市热岛效应影响因子包括:人口密度、建成区绿地覆盖率、地均国民生产总值、人均建设用地面积、人均道路铺装面积、地均固定资产投资,这些因子涵盖了经济、社会、环境三个方面. 相似文献
106.
新疆东准噶尔锡矿北花岗斑岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对东准噶尔锡矿北花岗斑岩进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,获得206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(281±10)Ma,MSWD=9.3,206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U谐和曲线图中下交点年龄为(278±11)Ma,MSWD=7.5,两者在误差范围内完全一致,时代属于早二叠世。结果表明,锡矿北花岗斑岩形成的时代属于东准噶尔后碰撞深成岩浆活动的范围(330~265Ma),晚于东准噶尔乌伦古河碱性花岗岩和卡拉麦里碱性花岗岩的形成时代(300Ma左右),以花岗斑岩为代表的晚古生代岩浆侵入活动延续到早二叠世晚期。 相似文献
107.
108.
AbstractSoil water content (θ) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) vary in space. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of initial soil water content (θi) and Ks variability on runoff simulations using the LImburg Soil Erosion Model (LISEM) in a small watershed in the Chinese Loess Plateau, based on model parameters derived from intensive measurements. The results showed that the total discharge (TD) and peak discharge (PD) were underestimated when the variability of θi and Ks was partially considered or completely ignored compared with those when the variability was fully considered. Time to peak (TP) was less affected by the spatial variability compared to TD and PD. Except for TP in some cases, significant differences were found in all hydrological variables (TD, PD and TP) between the cases in which spatial variability of θi or Ks was fully considered and those in which spatial variability was partially considered or completely ignored. Furthermore, runoff simulations were affected more strongly by Ks variability than by θi variability. The degree of spatial variability influences on runoff simulations was related to the rainfall pattern and θi. Greater rainfall depth and instantaneous rainfall intensity corresponded to a smaller influence of the spatial variability. Stronger effects of the θi variability on runoff simulation were found in wetter soils, while stronger effects of the Ks variability were found in drier soils. For accurate runoff simulation, the θi variability can be completely ignored in cases of a 1-h duration storm with a return period greater than 10 years, while Ks variability should be fully considered even in the case of a 1-h duration storm with a return period of 20 years.
Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor A. Fiori 相似文献
109.
Hai Wang Zheng‐Xin Chen Xiao‐Yu Zhang Si‐Xi Zhu Ying Ge Scott‐X. Chang Chong‐Bang Zhang Cheng‐Cai Huang Jie Chang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(7):657-664
The effects of plant species richness on both above‐ and belowground plant biomass, plant nitrogen (N) pool size, and substrate N concentrations were studied in a full‐scale subsurface vertical‐flow constructed wetland (CW). Results showed that (i) plant species richness increased belowground plant biomass and its N pool size but had no effect on aboveground plant biomass and its N pool size; (ii) plant species richness increased substrate N removal, especially ammonium N removal; and (iii) plant species richness had no effect on plant N use efficiency, suggesting that the N pool size increased with increasing plant species richness. More N accumulation could be removed through harvesting plant biomass. We concluded that the N removal performance of the CW improved by plant species richness through increasing belowground biomass and relevant N pool size. 相似文献
110.