A Preliminary Study on Fluid Inclusions and Mineralization of Xitieshan Sedimentary-Exhalative (SEDEX) Lead-Zinc Deposit

The Xitieshan lead-zinc deposit is located at the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province, China, and had developed a complete marine sedimentary-exhalative system. Our preliminary study of ore-forming fluids shows that fluid inclusions in quartz from altered stockwork rocks that represent the pipe facies have a wide range of temperature and salinity. The intense fluid activities are characteristics of the pipe facies of the exhalative system. Fluid inclusions in carbonates near the unstratified ore bodies hosted in the thick-bedded marble which represents vent-proximal facies are large in size and have moderate to high temperatures. They represent unerupted sub-seafloor fluid activity. Fluids in altered stockwork rocks and carbonates have similar H2O-NaCl-CO2 system, both belonging to the sedimentary-exhalative system. The fluids migrate from the pipe facies to the unstratified ore bodies. Boiling of the fluids causes the separation of CO2 vapor and liquid H2O. When the fluids migrate into the unconsolidated thick-bedded marble, the escape of CO2, decreasing temperature and pressure as well as some involvement of seawater into the fluids result in the unmixing of fluids with high and low salinity and deposition of ore-forming materials. The two unmixed fluids were trapped in unconsolidated carbonates and the ore-forming materials were deposited in the unconsolidated carbonates to form the sedimentary-exhalative type unstratified ore bodies. The ore-forming temperature of unstratified ore bodies is up to high temperature indicating that there is a huge ore-forming potential in its deep.     

《干旱区地理》的引文统计分析

本文使用文献计量学中的引文分析方法,以《干旱区地理》为调查样本进行了统计分析。《干旱地理》１９８５－１９９４年共版４３期,刊登论文５５８篇,其中附有引文的论文４３６篇,引文２７６６条。     

遗传算法在边坡数值计算中的应用

改进了进化方向的遗传算法与有限元数值法，结合并研制了相应的软件。应用该软件对多类型岩土边坡进行弹性模量、内聚力、内摩擦角等参数反演分析，显示误差很小，收敛速度也很快，这说明改进进化方向遗传算法这种新型的优化算法在多类型岩土参数优化估计中具有独特的优势。     

Heat flow and thermal modeling of the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea

Geothermal gradients are estimated to vary from 31 to 43 °C/km in the Yinggehai Basin based on 99 temperature data sets compiled from oil well data. Thirty-seven thermal conductivity measurements on core samples were made and the effects of porosity and water saturation were corrected. Thermal conductivities of mudstone and sandstone range from 1.2 to 2.7 W/m K, with a mean of 2.0±0.5 W/m K after approximate correction. Heat flow at six sites in the Yinggehai Basin range from 69 to 86 mW/m², with a mean value of 79±7 mW/m². Thick sediments and high sedimentation rates resulted in a considerable radiogenic contribution, but also depressed the heat flow. Measurements indicate the radiogenic heat production in the sediment is 1.28 μW/m³, which contributes 20% to the surface heat flow. After subtracting radiogenic heat contribution of the sediment, and sedimentation correction, the average basal heat flow from basement is about 86 mW/m².Three stages of extension are recognized in the subsidence history, and a kinematic model is used to study the thermal evolution of the basin since the Cenozoic era. Model results show that the peak value of basal heat flow was getting higher and higher through the Cenozoic. The maximum basal heat flow increased from 65 mW/m² in the first stage to 75 mW/m² in the second stage, and then 90 mW/m² in the third stage. The present temperature field of the lithosphere of the Yinggehai Basin, which is still transient, is the result of the multistage extension, but was primarily associated with the Pliocene extension.     

Determining gaseous composition of fluid inclusions with quadrupole mass spectrometer

Quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) is an instrument for effectively determining gaseous composition of fluid inclusion. The gaseous component is extracted from inclusions with thermal decrepitation method and then determined with the sensitive QMS instrument. The method is characterized by high sensitivity and high accuracy with the relative standard deviation (RSD,n=6) of less than 3%. It has been successfully used for analyzing fluid inclusions. The analytical results meet the requirement of geological study.     

细菌浸铜技术在紫金山铜矿的应用

介绍了生物浸矿技术在紫金山铜矿的应用及在这一过程中发现的一些问题，并提出了有待进一步解决的一些问题。     

依靠科技进步加快经济发展

河南省煤田地质局经济的持续快速发展,得益于不断推进科技进步。表现为着力巩固发展地勘优势,使核心技术得到不断升级和创新,形成强势竞争力。科技进步的核心问题是人。尊重人才的关键是改革用人机制,用事业留人,用待遇留人,用感情留人。     

VLBI观测的电离层延迟改正模型研究

电离层是大气层中的一个电离区域，高度范围大约在60－1000km。电磁波信号穿越电离层时其传播速度会发生变化，传播路径也会略微发生弯曲，从而使信号的传播时间乘以在真空中的光速不等于信号源至测站的几何距离。对VLBI观测来讲，电离层引起的差异可达近百米百米。文中从电磁波的传播原理出发，讨论了信号传播速度和传播路径变化引起的VLBI观测延迟；对目前采用的各种电离层延迟模型进行了分析总结；并指出单频率VLBI观测应顾及高阶项和路径弯曲的影响或使用区域性电离层延迟改正模型。     

一类热流问题解的存在性

热敏半导体器件中电位与温度满足的方程组，是一个椭圆－抛物耦合组，并带有混合边界条件。利用不动点定理可证明该问题解的存在性。     

湾一井水位年动态变化研究

详细讨论了富裕湾一井的年动态变化趋势。结果表明湾一井各阶段的年动态变化可拟合为一线性方程，不同阶段水位上升速度改变可能与井头分流作用有关，中强地震前的漏斗形异常和人为因素引起的水位变化可通过水位恢复时上升速率不同而加以识别。