地电场观测典型干扰数据的修正方法

研究由于线路故障、直流供电等干扰因素引起的地电场数据变化,尝试使用带阻滤波、经验模态分解等方法排除干扰。处理结果表明,上述方法可以减少干扰因素的影响,有利于提取地震前兆信号。     

混凝土大坝震害评估模型的研究及对黄河上游大坝的分析

利用前人所编的历代（共四代）地震烈度（地震动）区划图,组合叠加后得到一个综合烈度（地震动）。这种叠加是一个集成的专家系统综合认识结果,以此作为坝体可能遭受地震破坏危险的因素。初步研究建立了混凝土大坝震害评估模型,此模型是考虑了坝体的结构类型、建设年代、使用现状、场地条件、抗震设防水平等因素,用逐步线性拟合方法进行回归分析得到的。用此模型对汶川地震破坏的坝体进行了实例分析,分析结果比较符合实际。最后,用这个模型对黄河上游10座重点混凝土大坝做了震害评估分析。     

Phenanthrene Removal from Aqueous Solution on Sesame Stalk‐based Carbon

This work explored the performance of sesame stalk‐based carbon prepared at different carbonization temperatures and activated by potassium hydroxide in the removal of phenanthrene from an aqueous solution. At a carbon concentration of 10 mg/32 mL and a carbonization temperature of 700°C, the removal efficiency of phenanthrene approached 100%. Furthermore, with the presence of acenaphthene and naphthalene as co‐contaminants, the removal efficiency of phenanthrene by the prepared carbon was 99.60%, which was comparable to that by the commercial carbon. Hydrophobic interactions influenced phenanthrene removal, and partitioning appeared to be the dominant mechanism for phenanthrene removal from aqueous solution by sesame stalk‐based carbon. The results obtained from this work should provide insight into the reuse of agricultural residues, and also suggest a new avenue for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from contaminated water utilizing carbon prepared from agricultural residue.     

仰卧位与左斜俯卧位低剂量腹部CT检查在阑尾病变显示中的对比分析

目的:探讨低剂量仰卧位与左斜俯卧位腹部CT检查对阑尾病变的显示率,以提高阑尾病变的诊断能力。方法:收集160例临床拟诊阑尾炎的患者随机分两组,行低剂量仰卧位与左斜俯卧位MSCT腹部检查,将影像诊断结果与术后病理进行对比分析。结果:采用低剂量左斜俯卧位扫描观察阑尾病变的敏感度、特异性及准确率明显高于低剂量仰卧位扫描(P<0.05)。结论:低剂量左斜俯卧位腹部CT检查可提高阑尾病变检出率,有助于阑尾早期病变的诊断。      

Responding to common questions on the conservation of agricultural heritage systems in China

Although the urgency of their conservation has been recognized, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) designated by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) since 2002 and China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China- NIAHS) certified by the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) of China since 2012 are faced with questions as to why to conserve them, what is to be conserved, who should conserve them, and how? This paper attempts to clarify and respond to such questions focusing on the conservation of agricultural heritage systems in China based on a review of both theoretical and practical progress. Agricultural heritage systems exhibit a multitude of values for sustainable and equitable development and therefore should be conserved for both present and future generations. Unlike most conventional heritages, the conservation of agricultural heritage systems is a complex, systematic “engineering” in which both physical and biological components and associated socio-cultural processes should be conserved in a dynamic way. Farmers and heritage sites must benefit from the continuance of traditional agricultural production under the premise of ecological functions being sustained and traditional culture being inherited. For a more effective conservation, a multi- stakeholder process should be established involving governments at different levels, multi-disciplinary scientists, communities and farmers, and business enterprises as well as social organizations. As has been demonstrated, the conservation of agricultural heritage systems aims to promote the regional sustainable development, to improve the livelihood, food security and well-being of farm people, and to provide references for the development of modern agriculture in China.     

Stream profile analysis,tectonic geomorphology and neotectonic activity of the Damxung‐Yangbajain rift in the south Tibetan Plateau

The Damxung‐Yangbajain rift is one of the most active north–south trending rifts in the south Tibetan Plateau, and it has been playing an important role in accommodating the east–west extension of the Tibetan Plateau. Both stream profiles on the Nyainqentanglha Range adjacent to the northwest part of the Damxung‐Yangbajain rift and tectonic geomorphology in the north of the rift are analyzed to assess the spatial pattern and intensity of rock uplift which is related to neotectonic activity. A total of 85 stream profiles across the Nyainqentanglha Range are analyzed, and 111 knickpoints are interpreted. Most of these stream profiles are characterized by prominent convexities with two or more knickpoints, many of which are formed due to the strong rock uplift evidenced by abnormal concavity and extremely high steepness indices during the Quaternary. Neotectonic activity in this region is well replicated in the stream profile indices and offset landforms. Tectono‐geomorphic analysis shows that the concavity and steepness indices correlate with the fault movements at many places. The Damxung‐Yangbajain rift is characterized by left‐lateral strike‐slip in the north of Damxung and by normal movement in middle and southern parts. The middle and southern parts have been undergoing higher uplift than has the northern area. It is most likely that the strong uplift is related to the heat flow under the crust. Earthquakes occurring in the Damxung‐Yangbajain rift, including a M8 in 1411 and M6.6 in 2008, are thought to be related to heat flow activity. All of the stream profile indices and tectonic geomorphology show that the Damxung‐Yangbajain rift is not in a stable state. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

巴丹吉林沙漠边缘地区植被特征

通过在巴丹吉林沙漠野外植被调查,描述了植被的生活型和群落的空间分布特征,分析了植被多样性、优势度及均匀度指数,并探讨了历年来气候变化对植被分布的影响。结果表明：（1）巴丹吉林沙漠植物种类较少,可分为小乔木、灌木、小灌木、半灌木、多年生草本和一年生草本6类生活型。其中灌木种类最为丰富,小乔木最少。（2）巴丹吉林沙漠东南一带物种丰富度和多样性高于西北一带,南缘地区植被群落分布及植被群落多样性亦均高于北缘地区。（3）近53 a巴丹吉林沙漠气温发生显著变化,蒸发量增加。南缘地区增温而降水减少。这种变化对于以水分为主导因子的沙漠地区植被发育来说极为不利,有加剧沙漠南缘荒漠化的威胁。     

中国小岩体镍铜(铂族)矿床的区域成矿规律

文章进一步提出中国小岩体镍铜(铂族)矿床产出于三种地质背景,即古大陆内的小侵入体、造山带内小侵入体和与大陆溢流玄武岩有关的小侵入体,分别介绍了金川、喀拉通克和白马寨三个典型矿床的地质情况。从成矿的三个必要条件(①岩浆应达到硫化物饱和;②硫化物与岩浆之间应有足够的质量比;③硫化物聚集到有限的空间成矿)出发,结合矿床实例,阐述了成矿的深部过程和深部熔离-贯入成矿模式。论述了不同尺度的区域成矿规律:①三种地质背景;②邻近深大断裂;③三种岩体-矿床的分布结构形式;④矿集区往往是由一个同源多期次上侵的岩体群组成;⑤矿床由含矿岩浆上侵的终端岩浆房组成;⑥含矿岩浆贯入成矿往往伴随一定的流动分异作用或重力分异作用。     

兰州台阵数据实时传输系统

简要介绍了兰州台阵数据实时传输系统的结构,各部分的特征性能,并对该系统的原理、调试等作了介绍,以便在维护操作时做好本项工作.     

游客对肢体残障人士出游的态度差异——人口统计学特征影响的混合研究

基于出游障碍理论框架,于2019—2020年问卷调查308名游客和开放式访谈13位肢残人士,运用混合研究方法,识别游客对肢残人士出游的态度,并分析游客人口统计学特征对肢残人士出游态度的影响差异。结果表明：（1）游客认同社会公众态度是阻碍肢残人士出游的最重要因素,大部分游客对接触肢残游客不存在顾虑,但介意一同出游。（2）游客对肢残人士出游的具体态度包括出游意义认同、出游环境改善、其他人群的友好态度、交流愿望与自信以及拒绝心理。（3）年龄对游客态度影响最大,表现为负向影响交流愿望与自信、正向影响拒绝心理;游客受教育程度、职业、性别分别对交流愿望与自信、拒绝心理、出游环境改善的态度有显著影响。访谈资料有效解释了大部分定量分析结果,但在受教育程度对游客态度的影响方面,得出的结果与定量分析相反。