Analysis of groundwater-level fluctuation in a coastal confined aquifer induced by sea-level variation

Groundwater responses to tide fluctuations in different hydrogeological situations have been investigated for many years. Various solutions have been derived using the assumption that tides are composed of sinusoidal components, neglecting non-periodic variables. This approach has resulted in the introduction of some inaccuracy in predictions of groundwater responses to sea-level variation. To resolve this problem, this study used the Fourier sine transform method to derive an analytical solution based on the measured sea-level boundary. Compared with an analytical solution based on a sinusoidal assumption and a numerical solution generated by MODFLOW, this solution provided better performance in groundwater-level prediction in a coastal confined aquifer in Zhuhai City, China. The hydrogeological parameters estimated by the three aforementioned methods fitted well with those estimated by field surveys and pumping tests. The introduced analytical solution not only reflects the physical mechanisms of tide-induced groundwater-level fluctuation, but also reveals the non-periodic fluctuation of groundwater level caused by sea-level variation. This solution may also be used to evaluate groundwater responses to random mechanical stresses.     

An Estimation of the Coronal Magnetic Field Strength From Spectrographic Observations in the Microwave Range

Solar radio emission observations in the microwave frequency range show fine structures consisting of a number of almost parallel narrow-frequency bands. We interpret these bands as plasma emission at cyclotron harmonics. This emission is generated by the anisotropic electron beam, which excites longitudinal waves at a normal Doppler effect resonance. Subsequently, the longitudinal waves convert to radio emission at the second harmonic of the longitudinal wave frequency, and sometimes to the fundamental harmonic. The magnetic field strength is estimated on the basis of such a model in the microwave burst sources at 100–200 G. Estimates of the density variations are also made.     

乌蒙山区脱贫致富途径初探

本文论述了乌蒙山区经济社会主要特点,剖析了贫困落后的各种制约因素,提出了今后脱贫致富的若干途径与措施。     

水体遥感的镜面反射特性研究

本研究提出了引起水体镜面反射的太阳高度角范围，编制了我国和世界各地进行水体遥感的适宜时间表。从而为水体和其它平面遥感的最佳实施提供了依据，具有直接的经济和科学意义。     

条分法中土条周边水压力与渗透力之间的关系

目前在边坡稳定分析中,常常存在土条周边水压力与渗透力同时考虑的现象,导致水压力的重复考虑。针对这个问题,以瑞典条分法为例,通过用流网性质来确定土条周边水压力的方法,研究了条分法中土条周边水压力与渗透力之间的关系,得出了渗透力与土条中的水重和周边静水压力是一对平衡力的结论,澄清了模糊认识,纠正了计算方法。     

长春市及周围邻近地区的地震记录特征

对长春市地震速测速报中心遥测台网近年来记录到的长春市及周围邻近地区不同方位的地震在仔细分析与对比的基础上,总结出一些规律性的认识。这些认识将有助于对该区域的地震更加快速准确地进行测报。     

Timing and duration of growth hiatuses in mid Holocene massive Porites corals from the northern South China Sea

Growth hiatuses in massive corals are usually indicative of past ecological or environmental stresses. Among 37 fossil Porites colonies surveyed from the reef flat of Dadonghai fringing reef at Sanya, Hainan Island, northern South China Sea, seven of them were found to show clear evidence of past mortality, representing a population of ～19%. Among these samples, two of them (SYO‐13 and SYO‐28) display clear growth hiatuses reflecting mortality followed by subsequent recruitment, and five others exhibit a well‐preserved mortality surface and no subsequent recruitment. The growth hiatuses were dated using high‐precision thermal ionisation mass spectrometry U‐series techniques. The age results suggest all the dated corals formed and died in the mid Holocene. Multiple dates below the growth hiatuses suggest that SYO‐13 and SYO‐28 died at 6298 ± 11 and 6929 ± 19 a BP (i.e. years before AD 1950), respectively. Multiple dates above the growth hiatuses indicate that growth in SYO‐13 and SYO‐28 resumed at 6257 ± 14 and 6898 ± 20 a BP, respectively. The calculated durations of growth hiatuses are therefore 41 ± 18 a for SYO‐13 and 31 ± 28 a for SYO‐28, respectively, implying growth resumed within decades after the mortality events. U‐series dating of four other samples with dead heads suggests that they died at 6035 ± 53, 6059 ± 23, 6127 ± 22 and 6474 ± 24 a BP, respectively. In addition, using solution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), monthly resolution Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios were determined for the annual growth bands below and above the growth hiatuses for three of the dated samples. The Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca profiles indicate that the three corals probably died in different seasons (from spring to autumn), and the mortality appears to be unrelated to anomalous sea surface temperature‐induced bleaching. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Barite chimneys on the Gulf of Mexico slope: Initial report on their petrography and geochemistry

Barite chimneys associated with hydrocarbonrich fluid venting were recently documented and sampled on the Gulf of Mexico slope offshore Louisiana at 510–520 m water depth. The chimneys are dominated by barite associated with minor amounts of pyrite, iron oxide, Mg calcite, and detrital silicates. The barite displays distinct string-like and dendritic-like morphologies assembled from rosette-shaped crystals that are typically 20–40 µm in diameter. The chimneys exhibit macroscopic growth layers 1–5 mm thick, which alternate between dark gray and light yellow colors. The dark layers are dominated by string barites associated with disseminated pyrite, while the light layers are dominated by dendritic barites with little or no pyrite. The barites are anomalously enriched in Sr (average 15.5 mol% and maximum 30 mol%) and Ca (average 2.8 mol% and maximum 4.6 mol%), and exhibit rhythmic, paired, microscopic light and dark bands. The exact origin of the barites and their mode of deposition has not yet been elucidated, but they are likely to be related to the hydrocarbon-rich fluids venting on the seabed.     

瀑河市强对流天气综合分析及预报预警

分析了漯河市强对流性天气的产生机制和形势场,并应用V-3θ图的分布特征、能量特征值、卫星云图云顶亮温和闪电数据,做出对流性天气的预报预警。     

福建松溪后洋矿区钼矿地质特征

松溪后洋矿区钼矿埋藏浅、品位富、易于开采等特点,在闽北地区具有一定的代表性。通过对矿区钼矿成矿地质条件的分析,阐述了钼矿的控矿因素为晚侏罗世正长花岗岩和近东西向断裂构造,矿床属岩浆期后热液型。