On the characteristics of vlf emissions in the upper ionosphere and on the ground

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Emissions de la haute atmosphère pendant le crépuscule I. Méthode de recherches

Резюме В работе приводится описание метода интерпретации фотоэлектрических измерений ясности сумеречного неба в эмиссионном и сравнительном диапазонах. ФормулЫ для редукций, основаннЫе на теории сумеречнЫх явлений автора работЫ, позволяют вЫчислить эмиссию вЫсотной атмосферЫ от депрессии примерно 9° до начала астрономической ночи. Применение метода показано на измерениях, осуществленнЫх во второй половине 1957 г. на Ломницком Щите (2634 μ) по программе МГГ.

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Adresse: Praha XII, Budeĉská 6.     

Indices for Numerical Characterization of the Alteration Processes of Magnetic Minerals Taking Place During Investigation of Temperature Variation of Magnetic Susceptibility

The alteration of magnetic minerals taking place during the investigation of the temperature variation of bulk magnetic susceptibility is obvious from different courses of heating and cooling susceptibility vs. temperature curves. A set of indices is introduced to characterize these changes numerically. The A ₄₀ alteration index characterizes the change in susceptibility after executing the whole cycle of heating and cooling. The maximum difference between the heating and cooling curves is characterized by the A _max alteration index. The mean or average difference between the heating and cooling curves is characterized by the A _m alteration index. The situation whether the heating and cooling curves cross, is characterized by the A _cr alteration index. The technique of progressive repeated heating is proposed, together with the above indices, to locate the temperature intervals with weak and strong magnetic mineral changes induced by heating.     

Evidence Linking Slow Solar Wind Streams to Long-Decay X-Ray Events

Outflow of slow solar wind from solar active regions has been reported in recent years by many different authors. Therefore, in this paper we have studied synoptic maps of the solar wind density (SWD) based on interplanetary scintillation (IPS) data for available parts of all the years 1991–1994 and 1997–2001 to verify correlations of maxima in SWD with sources in active regions. We have found convincing evidence that eruptive flares in active regions, and thus X-ray long-decay events (LDEs) in general, can produce short-lived enhancements of the SWD. However, we were not able to get statistically convincing evidence that active regions can be permanent sources of slow solar wind, and propose three possible reasons for this negative result.     

Large-Scale Active Coronal Phenomena in Yohkoh SXT Images – IV. Solar Wind Streams from Flaring Active Regions

We demonstrate limb events on the Sun in which growing flare loop systems are embedded in hot coronal structures looking in soft X-rays like fans of coronal rays. These structures are formed during the flare and extend high into the corona. We analyze one of these events, on 28–29 August 1992, which occurred in AR 7270 on the eastern limb, and interpret these fans of rays either as temporary multiple ministreamers or plume-like structures formed as a result of restructuring due to a CME. We suggest that this configuration reflects mass flow from the active region into interplanetary space. This suggestion is supported by synoptic maps of solar wind sources constructed from scintillation measurements which show a source of enhanced solar wind density at the position of AR 7270, which disappears when 5 days following the event are removed from the synoptic map data. We also check synoptic maps for two other active regions in which existence of these fan-like structures was indicated when the active regions crossed both the east and west limbs of the Sun, and both these regions appear to be sources of a density enhancement in the solar wind. Supplementary material to this paper is available in electronic form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005033717284     

The effect of extraterrestrial interactions on changes of tropospheric circulation in the polar regions of the Earth

Summary Proof is presented that extraterrestrial interactions may function as triggering mechanisms in the process of redistribution of much larger amounts of energy, accumulated in the whole geosystem, in the polar regions. However, it is shown that the effect of the extraterrestrial interactions need not always be the same. In some geographic regions they may generate cyclogenetic changes, in others anticyclogenetic changes. The interdisciplinary nature of the studied problem and the necessity of close cooperation of all interdisciplinary sciences is emphasized.

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