嫩江断裂构造及其与地震活动的关系

本文从卫片解译、钻孔资料、地球物理场特征等方面阐述了嫩江断裂的存在标志，同时对该断裂的性质、活动时代及其与地震的关系进行了讨论。认为沿该带分布的北西向及东西向断裂活动与地震关系密切，尤其是存在的地震围空区值得密切关注。     

城市防震减灾信息管理系统之研究

城市防震减灾信息系统是“数字福建”的一个组成内容。该文结合福建省城市防震减灾信息系统的建设工作 ,探讨了地理信息系统与防震减灾数值模型的集成方法 ,论述了城市防震减灾信息系统的结构、内容、功能和组织方式 ,分析了地震风险评估、建筑物易损性评价、生命与财产损失估算、救援与救灾管理调度等模型的集成方法 ,设计了城市防震减灾信息系统。     

Migration Fractionation of Neutral Nitrogen Compounds of Crude Oils from Tabei Oilfield in the Tarim Basin, China

The absolute amounts and relative distributions of neutral nitrogen compounds in the Tabei oilfield (e. G. Blocks Ln1-Ln1 1) showed remarkable migration fractionation in the vertical direction. From Ordovician reservoirs (O) to oil legs TⅢ and T Ⅰ of Triassic reservoirs in blocks LN1-LN11, the concentrations of [a] [c] decreased from 1. 59μg/g, 0.49μg/g to 0.17 μg/g (oil). The ratios of various alkylcarbazole isomers, such as 1,8-dimethylcarbazole/nitrogenpartially shielded isomers and 1,8-dimethylcarbazole/nitrogen-exposed isomers, were adopted as the indicators of petroleum migration. The ratios increased from 0.13, 0.20 to 0.67 and from going from the south to the north of the Tabei oilfield, the absolute concentrations of neutral nitrogen compounds decreased drastically, and the nitrogen-shielded isomers were enriched relative to nitrogen-exposed isomers and nitrogen-partially shielded isomers. Crude oils in the Tabei oilfield migrated laterally from the Jilake structure to the Sangtamu fault uplift and Lunnan fault uplift, and crude oils in the same fault uplift migrated and remigrated vertically from Ordovician reservoirs, to oil legs TⅢ to TⅠ of Triassic reservoirs.     

高产高效综放工作面顶板水综合防治

通 过 对 T2195工 作 面 顶板 涌 水 水 质化 验 、周 边 开 采 情 况 的 综 合 分 析 认 为:T2195工 作 面 涌 水 以 5煤 层 顶 板 水为 主,地面 注 浆水 只是 起 了间 接补 给 作用 。为 此提 出 继续 进行 地 面注 浆、进一 步 完善 井下 排 水系 统等 有 针对 性的 防 治水 措施 ,确 保 工作 面的 高 产高 效。     

榆林风沙滩区水资源可持续利用对策与建议

本文在对榆林风沙滩区内水资源条件、开发利用现状及存在问题等调查研究资料进行深入分析的基础上,结合国民经济各业未来发展对水资源的需求情况,确定了未来不同水平年的需水量和供水量,并通过供需平衡分析,提出了解决水资源短缺的途径和实现水资源合理开发利用的建议.     

Pedogenic factors affecting magnetic susceptibility of the last interglacial palaeosol S1 in the Chinese Loess Plateau

The magnetic susceptibility has been used as a quantitative or semi‐quantitative proxy for reconstructing the summer monsoon intensity in the Chinese Loess Plateau based on extensive studies on climatic or/and environmental mechanisms producing the magnetic susceptibility signatures. However, the precise nature of the link between past climates and the susceptibility signatures has remained uncertain primarily due to lack of our understanding in the ?nalizing and preserving processes of the signatures. This paper attempts to examine the reliability or acceptability of this summer monsoon proxy from non‐magnetic perspectives of soil‐forming processes. We chose nine sections along two transects: one across the western part of the Chinese Loess Plateau and another across the eastern part. Several conclusions can be drawn from our analytical data. First, clay translocation within the S1 palaeosol pro?les, as indicated by ?eld‐observed clay coatings on ped faces in Bt and Bk horizons and demonstrated by laboratory‐analysed clay contents, must have moved some of the magnetic minerals downward so that the susceptibility re?ects only the post‐translocation distribution of the magnetic‐susceptibility‐producing minerals. Second, the best‐developed palaeosol S1S3 at most of the sections studied is not expressed by the magnetic susceptibility because this palaeosol developed in underlying coarse loess (L2) and coarse textures tend to lower the susceptibility. Third, carbonate concentration is normally negatively correlated with the magnetic susceptibility or simply suppresses the magnetic susceptibility peak when the susceptibility enhancement exceeds the carbonate dilution effect. To conclude, extreme caution must be observed when using magnetic susceptibility signatures to retrieve high‐resolution records of the last interglacial palaeoclimate in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

用多普勒雷达反射率调整模式大气的云微物理变量

一种简单云分析方案, 用于由多普勒天气雷达反射率反演中尺度大气模式初值分析中的云微物理变量（云水混合比和雨水混合比）和空气湿度变量（比湿），使模式积分初始场反映出观测空间的云微物理特征以及哪些空间位置上的大气处于饱和状态。应用于2002年6月梅雨期安徽省马鞍山市一次降水过程的临近数值预报试验结果表明，模式预报的大气综合反射率与雷达观测的回波图像相近，由云微物理变量变化表示的模式云系演变与雷达观测的回波图像一致, 伴随模拟的中小尺度云系, 模式大气能很快调整出合理的中小尺度流场辐散、辐合结构；它们明显好于模式初始场不引入雷达反射率时的结果，即这种方法对改进临近数值天气预报准确率是有效的。     

基于GPRS的远程气象观测数据实时采集传输系统及其应用

通过对远程自动气象站数据实时采集传输通讯方式的比较，提出基于通用分组无线业务（GPRS）的远程自动气象站数据实时采集和传输系统的技术方案，以小数据流方式，实现野外自动气象站观测数据的实时采集、传输和对观测设备运行的监控，达到节约经费，提高数据传输时效的目的，并将此系统成功地用于苏通长江公路大桥施工期气象环境监测与预警系统中。     

国家级气象资料存储检索系统的建立

对国家级气象资料存储检索系统的需求进行了分析，进而对系统进行了功能设计，并在技术调研和分析的基础上确定了功能实现的技术路线:在数据管理方面采用数据库和文件系统相结合的方式；在存储管理方面采用分级存储管理模式，并解决了数据库的分级存储管理技术；在检索应用方面提供了程序调用式检索方式，并通过采用中间件技术实现了基于B/S结构的程序调用式检索；通过选用HPSS技术解决了由异种机型构成的高性能计算机群存储池问题；通过分别建立实时数据库和综合数据库解决了气象资料的规范化存储和实时业务使用需求之间的矛盾；在应用软件开发方面严格按照有关规范进行。     

Physicochemistry and Mineralogy of Storm Dust and Dust Sediment in Northern China

Dust sediments collected from 1995 to 1998 in Beijing, Dunhuang, Inner Mongolia, Kashi, the Kunlun Mountains, Lanzhou, Ningxia, the Taklimakan Desert, and Xi‘an, China, were characterized in terms of their physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. Most aerosols and dust analysed ranged in texture from silty clay to clay loam. Their median particle diameters (Mds) generally ranged between 5 to 63μm,coinciding with those of loess from central China and the finest sand from northwestern China. The dust sediments were characterized by a predominance of SiO2 and Al2O3, followed by K2O. Their SiO2/Al2O3and K2O/SiO2 molar ratios ranged from 5.17 to 8.43 and from 0.009 to 0.0368, respectively. The mass concentration spectrum during a dust storm showed a single peak, rather than the triple peak generally observed under clear sky conditions. The dominant minerals were chlorite, illite, calcite, and dolomite.These physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties were consistent with those of aeolian soils and loess in western and central China. The results suggest that aerosols and fine-gained fractions of dust sediments collected in northern China are mainly composed of soil material transported from the arid and semiarid regions of China and Mongolia by prevailing winds. The rate of deposition and properties of dust falling on eastern China were strongly influenced by meteorological conditions, season, latitude, longitude, and altitude of the sampling sites.