豫西老君山地区钼矿地质特征及辉钼矿 Re-Os同位素年龄

东秦岭钼矿带内的金堆城、南泥湖、上房沟、石家湾、雷门沟、东沟、夜长坪等钼矿床均产于燕山期小规模的花岗斑岩体中。近些年来,在大面积出露的老君山花岗岩基内及其与围岩的接触带中亦发现了斑岩型钼矿床和矿点,是一个找矿潜力较大的远景区。为了总结该区钼矿的成矿规律和建立成矿模式,以便更有效地指导找矿勘查,笔者在矿床地质特征和成因研究的基础上,对钼矿的成矿作用时限进行了约束。硫同位素研究显示,老君山地区钼矿床（点）的δ34S值为2.4‰⁶.3‰,表明其硫很可能来自岩浆流体。氢、氧同位素研究表明,其成矿流体的δDV-SMOW为-108‰^-82‰,δ18OV-SMOW为6.3‰¹0.4‰,反映出成矿流体来自混合的岩浆水与大气降水。文章对该区3个钼矿床（点）的6件不同矿化类型的辉钼矿样品进行了Re-Os同位素测年,获得了辉钼矿的Re-Os模式年龄为（109.8±1.6）^114.5±1.7Ma,等时线年龄为（114.3±3.4）Ma,表明其成矿作用发生于早白垩世,与赋矿的老君山花岗岩体的侵位年龄相一致,应为同一岩浆-构造-流体活动的产物。老君山地区钼矿床（点）与东沟、鱼池岭、汤家坪和沙坪沟等斑岩钼矿床,均形成于早白垩世中国东部区域岩石圈大规模伸展的构造环境。     

Holocene palaeoflood events recorded by slackwater deposits along the lower Jinghe River valley,middle Yellow River basin,China

Palaeoflood slackwater deposits (SWDs), are the natural record of overbank flooding and are often found within aeolian loess‐soil profiles along the river valleys of the middle Yellow River basin. These pedo‐stratigraphic sequences are studied using a multi‐disciplinarily approach to reconstruct Holocene hydro‐climatic variations. Our field investigations along the lower Jinghe River valley have identified palaeoflood SWDs at several sites along the riverbanks based on sedimentological criteria. Analytical results, including magnetic susceptibility, particle‐size distribution and concentrations of chemical elements, indicate that these well‐sorted palaeoflood SWD beds were deposited from the suspended sediment load in floodwaters. We identify two episodes of extraordinary palaeoflood events along the Jinghe River valley. These hydro‐climatic events were dated to 4200–4000 and 3200–2800 a BP, by using the optically stimulated luminescence method in combination with archaeological dating of retrieved anthropogenic remains, and with pedo‐stratigraphic correlations with the previously studied Holocene pedo‐stratigraphy in the Jinghe River drainage basin. The flooding events are therefore considered to be a regional expression of known climatic events in the northern hemisphere and demonstrate Holocene climate was far from stable. This study provides important data in understanding the interactions between regional hydro‐climatic systems and global change in semi‐arid and sub‐humid regions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

渤海湾西岸全新世地层的分段与划组

本文以岩性地层、气候地层(CaCO3含量、古温度和Rb/Sr比值等)、年代地层、沉积化学地层和生物组合地层等资料为基础,根据地层规范以及建组要求将渤海湾西岸全新世地层划分为3个组:独流镇组( Qh3 dl)、大黄洼组(Qh2dh)和西翟庄组(Qh1xz).其地层埋深界线及测年界线分别为:晚全新世独流镇组(Qh3dl)与...     

新疆哈尔里克地区侵入岩浆构造序列确定及构造意义

通过对哈尔里克山地区侵入岩类岩性岩相、岩石地球化学、同位素年代学分析,确定研究区存在奥陶—志留纪(425~460 Ma)、泥盆纪(360~415 Ma)、石炭—二叠纪(270~335 Ma)3期岩浆侵入事件。利用O’Connor标准矿物分类系统,确定泥盆纪发育英云闪长岩-奥长花岗岩-花岗岩(T1T2G2)岩石组合,石炭纪发育石英闪长岩-花岗岩(G1G2)岩石组合。岩石组合极性显示俯冲带在南侧,即研究区南侧存在泥盆—石炭纪向北俯冲的洋盆。认为花岗质岩浆形成于洋壳向陆壳俯冲消减带中,其源岩主体来源于洋壳,并受陆源物质混染。     

核脉冲信号数字高斯成形模型的建立与仿真

详细阐述了一种以Sallen—Key滤波器为基础的新型数字高斯成形的方法。运用二阶微分方程建立高斯成形数学模型,在模型解算过程中利用数值微分算法得到一个通用的输入信号与输出信号的数值递推解,从而实现了核脉冲信号的数字高斯成形。通过标准指数信号的模拟以及实际测量信号的模拟,确定了数字高斯成形的参数。     

汤原断陷始新统新安村组层序格架内多参数井约束岩性预测

汤原断陷构造岩性复杂,岩性分选是本区储层预测的关键。采用测井-地震多参数属性提取对密度曲线进行重构,消除井壁垮塌、裂缝等因素的影响。利用层序格架内多参数井约束反演方法,将层序格架研究与储层反演相结合,对汤原断陷新安村组SX1R单元进行岩性预测,预测成果与实际钻井资料吻合较好,符合程度达到87.63%。通过层序地层格架的井约束反演得出高分辨率反演数据体,刻划出目的层砂地比与砂岩的空间分布,揭示岩性展布规律:砂体厚度中心主要分布于控盆断裂一侧的深凹陷带,砂岩主要分布于西部斜坡、东部边缘和中央隆起带。     

河南嵩县庙岭金矿地质特征与钾长石40Ar/39Ar定年

河南嵩县庙岭金矿位于华北陆块南缘熊耳山—外方山地区。矿床赋存于中元古界熊耳群火山岩中近南北向断裂带内,矿体呈似层状、透镜状产出,矿石具浸染状、细网脉状构造和微细粒它形粒状晶粒结构、交代结构,围岩热液蚀变有硅化、钾长石化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化等,矿化具有多阶段的特点,属破碎带蚀变岩型金矿。成矿热液蚀变矿物钾长石Ar-Ar法测年的结果：坪年龄为121.6Ma±1.2Ma,等时线年龄为117.0Ma±1.6Ma,表明矿床形成于早白垩世,与熊耳山地区祁雨沟、瑶沟等金矿床形成于同一时期,属与早白垩世构造-岩浆-流体活动有关的产物。     

2000年苏门答腊M_S8.0地震对缅甸M_S6.5地震动态应力触发作用及影响因素

根据地震动态触发理论,计算了2000年苏门答腊MS8.0,地震在缅甸MS6.5地震破裂面上产生的动态库仑应力:正峰值为1.357 5 MPa,负峰值为-1.113 5 MPa。峰值大于地震触发阈值0.01 MPa,苏门答腊地震的发生对缅甸地震具有一定的触发作用。在计算过程中发现,主震基本参数、传播过程中介质参数和被触发地震断层参数的准确性对计算结果有较大影响。     

Soil temperature and moisture controls on surface fluxes and profile concentrations of greenhouse gases in karst area in central part of Guizhou Province, southwest China

In order to better understand the spatiotemporal variations and interrelationships of greenhouse gases (GHG), monthly surface fluxes and profile concentrations of GHG (CO₂, N₂O and CH₄) in karst areas in the Guizhou Province, southwest China, were measured from June 2006 to May 2007. GHG fluxes showed high variability, with a range of 460.9?C1,281.2?mg?m^?2?h^?1 for CO₂, ?25.4 to 81.5???g?m^?2?h^?1 for N₂O and ?28.7 to ?274.9???g?m^?2?h^?1 for CH₄, but no obvious seasonal change trends of the fluxes existed. Profile concentrations of CO₂, N₂O and CH₄ varied between 0.5 and 31.5?mL?L^?1, 0.273 and 0.734, and 0.1 and 3.5???L?L^?1, respectively. In general, concentrations of CO₂ and N₂O increased with depth, while CH₄ had an inverse trend. However, in October, November and January, the reversal of depth patterns of GHG concentrations took place below 15?cm, close to the soil?Crock interface. The spatiotemporal distribution of CO₂ in soil profile was significantly positively correlated with that of N₂O (p?<?0.05?C0.01) and negatively correlated with that of CH₄ (p?<?0.01). The correlation analysis showed that soil temperature and moisture may be responsible for GHG dynamics in the soils, rather than the exchange of GHG between land and atmosphere.     

WRF模式与Topmodel模型在洪水预报中的耦合预报试验研究

基于空间分辨率90 m×90 m的湖北荆门漳河水库数字高程模型（DEM）地形数据,并从2012-2015年选取了20场洪水过程（其中16场用于模拟,4场用于检验）,将华中区域数值天气预报业务模式WRF提供的三重嵌套空间分辨率3 km×3 km、9 km×9 km和27 km×27 km预报降雨与集总式新安江模型以及半分布式水文模型Topmodel耦合进行洪水预报试验。通过对比试验得到以下结论：当流域降雨的时、空分布比较均匀时,集总式新安江模型可以较准确地预报出洪峰流量和峰现时间,而当降雨时、空分布差异较大时,预报误差也会随之增大。基于DEM数据建立的Topmodel模型可以反映不同降雨时、空分布下洪水预报结果的差异,试验结果表明,3 km×3 km和9 km×9 km洪水预报的输出结果比较接近,且在确定性系数和洪峰相对误差上要优于27 km×27 km的洪水预报结果,而在峰现时差的预报上,则是27 km×27 km的洪水预报结果与实测较吻合。通过研究还发现,虽然当流域降雨的时、空分布存在一定差异时,3种空间分辨率的WRF预报降雨均无法预报出与实测一致的降雨分布,但是在某些情况下,当降雨的时间分布误差和空间分布误差相抵消时,仍然可以得到较为准确的洪水预报结果。因此,高时、空分辨率的模式预报降雨并不一定就能对洪水预报结果产生正贡献,需要通过反复尝试寻找水文模型和数值模式耦合的最佳时、空分辨率。