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761.
Multi-scale heterogeneity of soil moisture following snow thawing in Haloxylon ammodendron shrubland
Spatial variation of soil moisture after snow thawing in South Gurbantunggut was quantitatively studied using ANOVA and geostatistics at various scales. The results show that the soil moisture heterogeneity varies along with spatial scales. At the shrub individual scale, there is a gradient in soil moisture from shrub-canopied area to canopy margin and to the interspaces between shrubs. At the community scale, soil moisture is highly autocorrelated and the semivariogram is fitted as spherical model, with an 89.6% structural variance and a range of 4.02 m. In addition, Kringing map indicates that the soil moisture distribution pattern after snow thawing is highly consistent with the shrub patch pattern. At the typical inter-dune transect scale, soil moisture presents a pattern of high value at inter-dune depression and low value at dune, and this variation is fitted as Gaussian model with a structural variance of 95.8% and a range of 66.16 m. The range is comparable with the scale of topography zoning, suggesting that the topography pattern controls the pattern of snowmelt at this scale. The evidence indicates that the heterogeneity of soil moisture at various scales is controlled by various land surface processes after snow thawing. For Gurbantunggut Desert, the spatial heterogeneity of snowmelt at various scales is ecologically valuable, because it promotes the utilization efficiency of the snowmelt for the desert vegetation. 相似文献
762.
North Pacific sea ice cover, a predictor for the Western North Pacific typhoon frequency? 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Fan Ke 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(8):1251-1257
The relationship between the sea ice cover in the North Pacific and the typhoon frequency has been studied in this paper. It follows that the index for the sea ice cover in the North Pacific (ISA) both in December-January-February (DJF) and in March-April-May (MAM) is negatively correlated with annual typhoon number over the western North Pacific (TNWNP) during 1965―2004, with correlation coeffi-cients of -0.42 and -0.49 respectively (above 99% significant level). Large sea ice cover in the North Pacific tends to decrease TNWNP. Positive ISA (MAM) is associated with the tropical circulation and SST anomalies in the North Pacific, which may lead to unfavorable dynamic and thermal conditions for typhoon genesis over WNP from June to October (JJASO). The variability of the atmospheric circula-tion over the North Pacific, associated with the ISA anomaly in MAM is connected to the tropical at-mospheric circulation variability in MAM via the teleconnection wave train. Besides, as the tropical circulation has strong seasonal persistency from the MAM to JJASO, thus, the ISA in MAM-related variability of the tropical atmospheric circulation as well as the SST can affect the typhoon activity over the western North Pacific. 相似文献
763.
Precipitation is often the sole source of water replenishment in arid and semi‐arid areas and, thus, plays a pertinent role in sustaining desert ecosystems. Revegetation over 40 years using mainly Artemisia ordosica and Caragana korshinskii at Shapotou Desert Experimental Research Station near Lanzhou, China, has established a dwarf‐shrub and microbiotic soil crust cover on the stabilized sand dunes. The redistribution of infiltrated moisture through percolation, root extraction, and evapotranspiration pathways was investigated. Three sets of time‐domain reflectometry (TDR) probes were inserted horizontally at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40 cm depths below the ground surface in a soil pit. The three sets of TDR probes were installed in dwarf‐shrub sites of A. ordosica and C. korshinskii community with and without a microbiotic soil crust cover, and an additional set was placed in a bare sand dune area that had neither vegetation nor a microbiotic soil crust present. Volumetric soil moisture content was recorded at hourly intervals and used in the assessment of infiltration for the different surface covers. Infiltration varied greatly, from 7·5 cm to more than 45 cm, depending upon rainfall quantity and soil surface conditions. In the shrub community area without microbiotic soil crust cover, infiltration increased due to preferential flow associated with root tunnels. The microbiotic soil crust cover had a significant negative influence on the infiltration for small rainfall events (~10 mm), restricting the infiltration depth to less than 20 cm and increasing soil moisture content just beneath the soil profile of 10 cm, whereas it was not as strong or clear for larger rainfall events (~60 mm). For small rainfall events, the wetting front depth for the three kinds of surface cover was as follows: shrub community without microbiotic soil crust > bare area > shrub community with microbiotic soil crust. In contrast, for large rainfall events, infiltration was similar in shrub communities with and without microbiotic soil crust cover, but significantly higher than measured in the bare area. Soil water extraction by roots associated with evapotranspiration restricted the wetting front penetration after 1 to 3 h of rainfall. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
764.
765.
766.
苏浙皖地区海相油气地质特征及勘探目标的选择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从晚震旦世开始至中三叠世,苏浙皖(下扬子)地区沉积了三套巨厚的海相烃源岩系,即:上震旦统一上奥陶统,石炭系-二叠系,下三叠统海相烃源岩,三套烃源岩热演化特点不同,下古生界烃源岩经历了加里东、印支-燕山期构造阶段的热演化,已达过成熟干气阶段,上古生界烃源岩基本处于生油阶段晚期;大部分三叠系烃源岩处于成熟生油阶段,少数处于未成熟阶段,区内下古生界烃源岩经历了两次成油过程,第一次发生在加里东运动前的盆地沉降阶段,第二次发生在加里东运动后晚古生代陆表海代积阶段,全区海相油气储盖条件发育,配置有利,经多年油气勘探证实,下古生界油气勘探应立足于苏北地区,上古生界油气勘探除苏北地区外,尚有皖南与浙西地区,中生界海相油气勘探应集中在区内几个发育较好的中生代盆地,如常州、句容,无为,望江盆地等。 相似文献
767.
基于GIS的地热资源与环境管理信息系统的研制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
如何实现地热资源的可持续开发与利用,保证资源与环境协同发展,已经成为一个亟待解决的问题。将GIS与地热工程分析相结合,借助信息技术,建立了地热资源与环境管理信息系统,这一系统的特点就是以长观数据与地热工程分析结果作为数据源,将信息化管理和科学决策结合在一起,实现集信息管理,资源评价与科学决策为一体的信息系统。 相似文献
768.
丘宏 《华东地质学院学报》2002,25(3):240-243
通过工程实例,分析了对比地下水位升降对地基土的物理力学性质的影响,定量地总结了地下水位上升对地基土承载力的削弱情况。 相似文献
769.
福建邱村金矿床控矿因素及成因 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
邱村金矿矿体严格受构造、次火山岩、次火山隐爆角砾岩控制,通过对矿石黄铁矿Pb、S同位素分析以及相邻矿区成矿温度的对比研究,金矿成矿物质来源于元古宇麻源群深变质岩系,成矿热液来源于火山岩浆期后分异的热液,该矿床属火山岩中-低温热液型金矿床。 相似文献
770.