A Thermo–Hydro–Mechanical Model: Capturing the Effects of Initial Permeability and Gas Pressure on Outburst-Prone Indicators

Natural Resources Research - Coal and gas outbursts often result in a large number of casualties and economic losses. Its complex processes involve the multi-field coupling of gas flow, coal...     

翻转课堂+多维度考核体系下的工程测量学实践教学改革

工程测量学是测绘工程专业的核心课程,是实际测绘工作过程中应用最多的课程之一,其实践教学效果的好坏直接影响学生毕业后的就业质量。本文针对当前工程测量学实践教学当中存在的突出问题,提出了以翻转课堂+多维度考核体系并重的实践教学模式,经过两年的教学改革,在实践内容、实践教学方法和考核体系等方面取得了丰硕的研究成果,并在其他课程中推广应用。     

迁入地资源环境压力指标体系构建与评价——以贵州省纳雍县为例

选取贵州省纳雍县为易地扶贫迁入地研究对象,构建了评价指标体系,对迁入地资源环境压力进行了评价;同时应用层次分析法确定指标权重,计算资源环境压力,并将结果划分为相对高、中、低压力区3个等级。分析结果表明,纳雍县整体资源较为贫乏,生态环境较为脆弱,人均资源量较少,造成资源环境整体压力较大;由贫困发生率与资源环境评价值作相关分析,资源环境压力与贫困发生率呈弱负相关性。     

基于已知特征平面的移动测量系统安置参数检校

安置误差是影响移动测量系统激光点云精度的主要因素之一。当激光点云中存在特征平面时,安置误差会导致该平面与真实平面之间产生较大的偏差,如果存在多个空间上位置关系较好的特征平面,就能够全面反映出系统的安置误差。本文以此为依据,给出了一种基于已知特征平面的移动测量系统安置参数检校方法,并详细阐述了检校场的布设、数据获取及处理等内容。实验证明,该方法是一种简单、可靠的检校方法,具有较高的实用性。     

基于GIS的高校物流代理点选址研究

随着电子商务在社会生活中的广泛兴起,校园物流代理点也随之产生;物流代理点在很大程度上方便了师生快递领取,但由于高校物流代理点选址普遍存在随意性和不合理性,导致师生快递领取时浪费过多时间和精力。针对此问题,本研究结合GIS空间分析技术,通过对广西师范大学雁山校区学生宿舍、教学楼、食堂和道路分布数据的分析,利用缓冲区分析和叠置分析优选出物流代理点最佳分布区域,并对校园中现有的物流代理点分布合理性做出评价,进而给出合理的校园物流代理点选址区域建议,旨在为学校物流代理点科学选址及改善和提升校园人文品质提供合理建议,同时为物流企业规划选址及GIS空间分析应用提供参考。     

守初心耕海探洋七十载担使命披风踏浪砥砺行——中国科学院海洋研究所70年发展纪实

中国科学院海洋研究所是新中国第一个专门从事海洋科学研究的国立科研机构,她的70年光辉历程是我国海洋科技事业从无到有、从弱到强的发展缩影,是新中国海洋科学调查研究自主创新发展历程的真实写照。本文简要介绍中国科学院海洋研究所的主要发展历程,回顾70年来取得的主要科技成就,并围绕新形势下建设海洋大科学研究中心等改革发展举措,讨论和展望研究所的未来发展。     

2014年秋季渤海网采浮游植物群落结构

基于2014年秋季在渤海进行的水文、化学和生物方面的综合大面调查,研究了渤海网采浮游植物群落的结构特征,并结合文献资料,分析影响浮游植物群落结构形成的原因。结果显示:2014年渤海秋季共鉴定浮游植物3个门42属96种,其中以硅藻为主,为34属79种,占总物种的82%;甲藻门7属16种,占总物种的17%;金藻门1属1种。其中,角毛藻属的种类最多,共17种;其次为圆筛藻属,共13种。浮游植物总细胞丰度介于(0.71～72.15)×104 cells/m3,平均为13.88×104 cells/m3,硅藻与甲藻细胞丰度比值为2∶1,硅藻在莱州湾的细胞丰度极显著高于其他海区,甲藻在渤海中部海区的细胞丰度显著高于其他海区。浮游植物优势种主要为星脐圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus asteromphalus)、威氏圆筛藻(C. wailesii)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、梭状角藻(Ceratium fusus)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)。渤海秋季浮游植物群落多样性水平分布不均,局部海域由于单一优势种过量繁殖多样性降低,低值区分布于辽东湾和渤海海峡海域。与历史同期资料对比,渤海海域浮游植物群落出现明显的物种演替现象,甲藻中的角藻逐渐兴起,其在渤海中部及辽东湾的优势地位已经超过角毛藻属和圆筛藻属,渤海秋季局部海区浮游植物群落结构已经由硅藻控制转为硅藻和甲藻共同控制。     

东南印度洋中脊澳大利亚-南极洲不整合带地区岩浆供应与构造作用沿洋脊的变化

We analyzed seafloor morphology and geophysical anomalies of the Southeast Indian Ridge(SEIR) to reveal the remarkable changes in magma supply along this intermediate fast-spreading ridge. We found systematic differences of the Australian-Antarctic Discordance(AAD) from adjacent ridge segments with the residual mantle Bouguer gravity anomaly(RMBA) being more positive, seafloor being deeper, morphology being more chaotic, M factors being smaller at the AAD. These systematic anomalies, as well as the observed Na_(8.0) being greater and Fe_(8.0) being smaller at AAD, suggest relatively starved magma supply and relatively thin crust within the AAD.Comparing to the adjacent ridges segments, the calculated average map-view M factors are relatively small for the AAD, where several Oceanic Core Complexes(OCCs) develop. Close to 30 OCCs were found to be distributed asymmetrically along the SEIR with 60% of OCCs at the northern flank. The OCCs are concentrated mainly in Segments B3 and B4 within the AAD at ～124°–126°E, as well as at the eastern end of Zone C at ～115°E. The relatively small map-view M factors within the AAD indicate stronger tectonism than the adjacent SEIR segments.The interaction between the westward migrating Pacific mantle and the relatively cold mantle beneath the AAD may have caused a reduction in magma supply, leading to the development of abundant OCCs.     

利用GPS拖体在万山区域测量平均海面技术研究

Wanshan area has been chosen to be the specified field to calibrate and validate(Cal/Val) the HY-2 altimeter and its follow-on satellites. In March 2018, an experiment has been conducted to determine the sea surface height(SSH) under the HY-2 A ground track(Pass No. 203). A GPS towing-body(GPS-TB) was designed to measure the SSH covering an area of about 6 km×28 km wide centered on the HY-2 A altimeter satellite ground track. Three GPS reference stations, one tide gauge and a GPS buoy were placed in the research area, in order to process and resolve the kinematic solution and check the precision of the GPS-TB respectively. All the GPS data were calculated by the GAMIT/GLOBK software and TRACK module. The sea surface was determined by the GPS-TB solution and the tide gauge placed on Zhiwan Island. Then the sea surface of this area was interpolated by Arc GIS10.2 with ordinary Kriging method. The results showed that the precision of the GPS-TB is about 1.10 cm compared with the tide gauge placed nearby, which has an equivalent precision with the GPS buoy. The interpolated sea surface has a bias of –1.5–4.0 cm with standard deviation of 0.2–2.4 cm compared with the checking line. The gradient of the measured sea surface is about 1.62 cm/km along the HY-2 orbit which shows a good agreement compared with the CLS11 mean sea surface(MSS). In the Cal/Val of satellites, the sea surface between the tide gauge/GPS buoy and the footprint of altimeter can be improved by this work.     

獐子岛养殖区夏季底层水温快速变化的机理分析

Rapid changes in the near-bottom water temperature are important environmental factors that can significantly affect the growth and development of species in the bottom culture. The object of this research is to investigate the mechanism causing these rapid changes within a bottom culture area near the Zhangzi Island. The hydrographic transects observations in the North Yellow Sea(NYS) suggest that our mooring station is very close to the tidal mixing front. The horizontal advection of the tidal front has induced the observed tidal change of bottom temperature at the mooring station. Analysis of the mooring near-bottom temperature and current measurements show that the angle between the tidal current horizontal advection and the swing of the tidal front is crucial in determining the variation trend of temperature. When the angle equals 90°, the horizontal tidal current advects along the isotherms so the temperature remains the same. When the angle is between 0° and 90°, the seawater moves from deep water to the warmer coastal zone and the temperature decreases. In contrast, the horizontal tidal advection moves the coastal warm water to the mooring station and the water temperature increases when the angle is between 90° and 180°. The amplitude of the temperature change is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal temperature gradient and the tidal excursion in the direction of the temperature gradient. This study may facilitate the choice of culture area in order to have a good aquaculture production.