STATISTICAL CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS OF BINARY TROPICAL CYCLONES OVER THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN SUMMER: CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS FOR ACTIVE AND INACTIVE YEARS OF TROPICAL CYCLONES

Using the 1949-2007 western North Pacific tropical cyclones (TCs) best-track data archived at the Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration for the western North Pacific from 1949 to 2007,both the characteristics of binary and multiple TCs and samples of interactions among TCs and multi-TCs are identified and statistically analyzed.According to the various features of individual TC tracks and interacting tracks,seven distinct types are proposed to describe the binary system of TCs and their interaction samples.The mean trajectories of the west and east component of binary TCs in each type are obtained using a new cluster analysis technique.These types are then analyzed in terms of landfall process,occurrence seasonality,coexistent lifetime,especially the large-scale patterns of atmospheric circulation.Finally,typical steering flows and conceptual models of the binary TCs at different phases are established based on six-hourly flow maps of the binary system and the averages are determined of the mean steering flow of ten representative binary TCs.Then,typical steering flows and conceptual models at the beginning,middle and final phase in each type are established to describe the large-scale circulation patterns of the binary system interaction types.     

基于云南3次震例对地震灾害区域等级评估方法的探讨

介绍了“灾害等级”这一概念的发展演化及研究现状.选取云南省的3次震例,计算每个震例受灾程度影响因子及综合灾害指数.通过对这3次震例的计算,总结了现行灾害区域等级评估方法的不足,并对实际操作过程中的可改进之处提出建议.     

Reserves of Natural Gas Hydrates Equivalent to 100–150 Billion m3 Natural Gas Has Been Discovered in the Pearl Mouth Basin of the South China Sea

正Scientists have suggested that combustible ice in global marginal seas,deep trough areas and ocean basins covers an area of 400million km2,and its total reserve is twice the amount of the global proven oil,coal and gas reserves,equivalent to 50 times the amount of conventional natural gas reserves.Only this global submarine combustible ice resource could be available for human use within     

长城型金矿地质特征矿床类型及矿床成因的讨论

长城型金矿分布于冀东地区冷口断裂带的北侧。成矿受冷口断裂带控制,产于中元古长城系、蓟县系白云岩中,沿冷口断裂带北侧成群分布。矿床的主要特征是金呈超微细浸染状,围岩蚀变非常微弱,矿石与围岩不好鉴别。矿床的一些特征与卡琳型金矿相似,是卡琳型金矿大家族中的一员。金矿呈气相迁移、沉淀成矿。     

区域地下水质量评价及影响因素识别方法研究——以华北平原为例

地下水质量是水岩作用和人类活动双重动力的结果,在认识地下水质量的同时还应知道其影响因素。本文在严格分析地下水质量分类标准和指标值的基础上,提出了衡量地下水质量的单指标综合评价和影响因素识别相结合的方法。该方法不仅能够反映具有明确物理意义的地下水质量类别,还能够划分区域地下水人为污染的可能性。本文以华北平原为案例区,选择具有代表性的6063个地下水井,检测了49项无机和有机指标。分析认为华北平原地下水质量受地质环境和水文地质条件控制,一般化学指标对地下水质量影响程度最高,原生指标中锰、总硬度、溶解性总固体、碘化物对超Ⅲ类水单指标贡献率超过50%,污染指标中亚硝酸盐贡献率达20%,重金属和有机指标对区域地下水质量影响很小。     

四川党坝锂辉石矿Ⅵ号脉工艺矿物学及锂的赋存状态研究

党坝锂辉石矿床位于四川可尔因矿田的东南部,其Ⅵ号脉是矿区新发现的稀有金属伟晶岩脉,矿石研究程度低。为合理开发利用党坝锂辉石矿床锂资源并且为选矿工艺流程的制定提供理论依据,文章以党坝锂辉石矿床Ⅵ号脉锂辉石矿石为研究对象,采用显微镜下观察、电子探针(EPMA)、激光剥蚀等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、矿物自动定量分析系统(TIMA)和矿物解离分析仪(MLA)等测试手段,开展了详细的工艺矿物学研究。结果显示,矿石中Li₂O含量为0.99%,锂辉石是主要的矿石矿物,脉石矿物主要为长石和石英,其次为云母。锂辉石晶体虽然粒度粗细不均,但是多集中在中粗粒范围内(320~1 280 μm),属于均匀较易解离矿石类型。矿石中锂主要赋存于锂辉石中,锂辉石中锂的配分比为97.80%,伴生有Nb、Be等有益组分且达到综合回收指标值。LA-ICP-MS实测锂辉石中Li₂O的平均含量为6.88%,锂辉石单矿物电子探针结果显示锂辉石中含有FeO(0.45%~0.73%),且少量Fe、Mn等杂质充填在锂辉石的解理、裂隙中,会一定程度上限制锂辉石精矿品级。     

加筋黄土的动力特性研究

以西安市临潼区骊山山前断裂带区域为研究背景,对区域内黄土进行纤维加筋处理。基于正交试验方法设计试验方案,开展加筋土动三轴试验,探讨纤维加筋黄土的动弹性模量差异性,对比分析动弹性模量的影响因素。对正交试验数据结果进行极差分析得出,纤维长度、纤维含量和土体饱和度是影响纤维加筋黄土动弹性模量的三大因素,且三者对其的影响大小顺序为土体饱和度,纤维长度,纤维含量;方差分析得出土体饱和度对玻璃纤维和聚丙烯纤维加筋黄土的显著水平分别是0.035、0.058,土体饱和度对纤维加筋黄土的动弹性模量影响显著,玻璃纤维加筋土和聚丙烯纤维加筋土的优水平均为0.6%的纤维含量、50%土体饱和度、12 mm的纤维长度。研究结果表明,玻璃纤维加筋黄土和聚丙烯纤维加筋黄土的动弹性模量约为无纤维黄土的1.5倍。纤维长度对加筋土动弹性模量的影响呈正相关。玻璃纤维加筋土和聚丙烯纤维加筋土的动弹性模量随纤维含量的变化趋势几乎一致,为先增长后降低。黄土进行纤维加筋处理有助于提升断裂带区域黄土强度,保障断裂带区域工程基础安全建设和运行。     

What Mineral Resources will China Need to Discover by the Mid-21st Century?

正In the past 40 years of China's reform and opening up,China's economy has been developing rapidly,and industrialization and urbanization have begun to take shape.At present,China is heading towards an information society.Mineral resources have played a great supporting role during this process.During the whole of2017,China consumed 2.344 billion tons of iron ore,2.4billion tons of cement and 3.65 billion tons of raw coal     

土壤污染的修复方法研究——以表面活性剂强化微米Fe/Cu对有机氯农药的降解为例

利用Cu作为催化金属与微米铁制成双金属体系处理主要污染物为六六六(HCH)和滴滴涕(DDT)的某污染场地土壤,探讨了不同表面活性剂(鼠李糖脂与Triton X-100(TX-100))对微米Fe/Cu双金属体系降解土壤中有机氯农药的影响。结果表明:相对于空白和只添加零价铁与微米Fe/Cu的三组的稳定,添加了两种表面活性剂的Fe/Cu双金属体系,35 d后土壤氧化还原电位(ORP)随时间呈缓慢上升趋势,Fe/Cu+TX-100至55 d时ORP由–400 m V升高到–300 m V;除Fe/Cu+鼠李糖脂组外,0~25 d内各组土壤p H随时间逐渐升高,从初始的5.0左右提高到6.5~7.2;微米Fe/Cu对污染物的降解效果相比零价铁有提高,鼠李糖脂与TX-100的投加能强化微米Fe/Cu对土壤中HCH和DDT的降解,TX-100的增强效果更为显著。当Fe投加量5%,Cu负载1%,TX-100浓度5 mmo L/L,初始p H 4.5时,处理55d后,α-HCH、γ-HCH、P,P’-DDD和P,P’-DDT的降解去除率达到100%、92.2%、95.7%和85.4%,总污染物去除率为90.0%。