Channel change at Toudaoguai Station and its responses to the operation of upstream reservoirs in the upper Yellow River

The application of dams built upstream will change the input conditions, including water and sediment, of downstream fluvial system, and destroy previous dynamic quasi-equilibrium reached by channel streamflow, so indispensable adjustments are necessary for downstream channel to adapt to the new water and sediment supply, leading the fluvial system to restore its previous equilibrium or reach a new equilibrium. Using about 50-year-long hydrological, sedimentary and cross-sectional data, temporal response processes of Toudaoguai cross-section located in the upper Yellow River to the operation of reservoirs built upstream are analyzed. The results show that the Toudaoguai cross-section change was influenced strongly by upstream reservoir operation and downstream channel bed armoring thereafter occurred gradually and extended to the reach below Sanhuhekou gauging station. Besides, median diameter of suspended sediment load experienced a three-stage change that is characterized by an increase at first, then a decrease and an increase again finally, which reflects the process of channel bed armoring that began at Qingtongxia reservoir and then gradually developed downstream to the reach below Sanhuhekou cross-section. Since the joint operation strategy of Longyangxia, Liujiaxia and Qingtongxia reservoirs was introduced in 1986, the three-stage change trend has become less evident than that in the time period between 1969 and 1986 when only Qingtongxia and Liujiaxia reservoirs were put into operation alone. In addition, since 1987, the extent of lateral migration and thalweg elevation change at Toudaoguai cross-section has reduced dramatically, cross-sectional profile and location tended to be stable, which is beneficial to the normal living for local people.     

桂林岩溶区民宅基地地质灾害分析及防治措施

胆陂村安置点位于桂林侵蚀溶蚀弧峰平原亚区,岩溶强烈发育,工程建设前及建设中均会遇到或发生一系列地质灾害.详细预测评估、针对性提出防治措施,可以确保住宅建设安全,可供同类地区建设借鉴.     

Isotope Method for Confined Groundwater Recharge of the Lower Reaches of the Heihe River, Inner Mongolia, China

Environmental isotopes have been applied to analyze confined groundwater recharge in the lower reaches of the Heihe River,Inner Mongolia.CFC is regarded as a tracer that determines the date of groundwater,the date being less than 45 a.The confined groundwater within the Gurinai area and Ejin Basin other than the surface water of Heihe River might have originated from precipitation from Qilian Mountain or/and the Tibetan Plateau.The deep confined groundwater overflows into an upper aquifer and emerges into the ground,forming springs and lakes within the low-lying area.The recharge volume is estimated to be around 400 million-cubic meters.     

瞬变电磁方法在探测煤矿浅层高阻采空区中的应用

过去在煤矿浅层高阻采空区探测中,普遍认为高密度电法为较好的方法,而瞬变电磁法通常被认为其对低阻反映较灵敏,对高阻反映不灵敏,而很少采用,但我国内蒙、山西等地,地表沟壑纵横,高差较大,不具备高密度电法的施工条件。因此,笔者给出一种在较小线框下进行的瞬变电磁方法,通过配合高发射频率和大发射电流,能够比较清晰的反映出地下高阻目标体,以此说明,针对地形起伏较大,不适合高密度电法施工的地方,小框瞬变电磁方法可以在一定程度上解决煤矿中不含水采空区的物探手段问题。文中参考煤矿不含水采空区埋深较浅的情况,设计了理论模型,正演计算得到的效果良好,对高阻的反映较为灵敏,并在鄂尔多斯地区某煤矿实际应用了该方法,得到的结果与开挖情况相符合,对煤矿生产起到了很好的指导作用,这表明该方法是切实有效的。     

Prediction of Load Carrying Capacity of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beam

A novel method for prediction of the load carrying capacity of a corroded reinforced concrete beam (CRCB) is presented in the paper. Nine reinforced concrete beams, which had been working in an aggressive environment for more than 10 years, were tested in the laboratory. Comprehensive tests, including flexural test, strength test for corroded concrete and rusty rebar, and pullout test for bond strength between concrete and rebar, were condueted. The flexural test results of CRCBs reveal that the distribution of surface cracks on the beams shows a fractal behavior. The relationship between the fractal dimensions and mechanical properties of CRCBs is then studied. A prediction model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is established by the use of the fractal dimension as the corrosion index, together with the basic intbrmation of the beam. The validity of the prediction model is demonstrated through the experimental data, and satisfactory resuits are achieved.     

文峪金矿矿床成因讨论

流体包裹体测温表明 ,文峪金矿成矿温度 180～ 45 0℃ ,为中高温热液。成矿压力 1.0×10 5～ 1.4× 10 5k Pa,根据静岩压力推算的成矿深度为 3.6～ 5 .2 km。包裹体盐度特征显示出成矿场内流体以深源流体为主 ,混合的地表渗透水所占比例约 10 %～ 15 %。文峪金矿成矿过程中导致矿质沉淀的主要因素是温度下降及由此导致的 CO2 - H2 O不混溶现象。文峪及小秦岭地区金矿床的成矿热液来源于与文峪花岗岩同源演化的深部岩浆热液。金矿的成矿时代为中生代中晚期     

小波分析与C3相干体在小断层解释中的应用

利用小波分析的分频特性及C3相干数据体比常规振幅数据体具有更高的构造分辨能力的特点,将小波分析与C3相干体两种方法相结合,用来识别煤矿采区小尺度构造,特别是识别小断层.实际应用表明,利用小波分析与C3相干体可更加精细地揭示断层等构造信息,提高小断层识别能力.     

吉林南部原老岭群珍珠门组大理岩稀土地球化学

吉林南部早中元古宙老岭群珍珠门组镁质大理岩稀土地球化学特征可以划分为2种,分别发育于I、II分布区.I分布区稀土总量相对较低,稀土分异差,曲线平坦;II分布区稀土总量相对较高,稀土分异明显,曲线右倾.各区稀土特征的差别反映出来源和形成时大地构造环境的差别.大地构造环境I分布区为与深大断裂有关的拗拉谷,II分布区为具有火山活动的大陆裂谷.珍珠门组不具有地层意义,应当解体.     

西昌盆地油气化探普查效果及下一步找油气方向

为了配合国家加快油气资源勘查步伐，四川石油管理局将西昌盆地作为下一步勘探重点地区，由于西昌盆地属勘探新区，各种地质、构造情况复杂，首先在该区实施了油气化探普查，油气化探普查结果证实了西昌盆地中部地区为油气泄漏特征，这与七坝1井结果吻合，同时发现了三个重点区域，指出盆地西部为下一步工作的重点地区，为下一步地震勘探指明找油气方向。     

基于EMD-AR谱的3C 273光变周期分析

光变是Blazar最显著的观测特征之一,有的光变呈准周期性. Blazar周期光变可能为其中心黑洞和吸积盘等内部物理结构提供重要信息.因此,周期分析对于讨论Blazar的光变有重要意义.结合经验模态分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition, EMD)和自回归(Auto-regressive, AR)模型谱估计方法的优点,提出了一种基于EMD-AR谱的组合光变周期分析新方法.先对观测数据进行EMD分解,得到各阶模态分量,并计算其与原始光变曲线的相关系数,再取相关度高的分量求和后估算AR谱,最后将此功率谱的周期分析方法用于天体的光变数据分析.讨论了EMD-AR谱方法的原理和应用步骤,并用此方法对类星体3C 273在1887—2016年的观测数据进行了分析,得到3C 273的长时标周期分别为:21.23、13.51、11.02、5.51、4.69、3.79、2.76 yr,与文献中常用方法的分析结果有很好的一致性;短时标周期分别为:(30±1)、(15±0.3)、(7.5±0.2)、(10±0.1)、(5±0.6)、(6±0.4)和(3±0.5) min,此结果未见相关...