Integrated modelling of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the marine environment: Coupling of hydrodynamic, fate and transport, bioaccumulation and planktonic food-web models

Spatio-temporal variability of pollutants in the environment is a complex phenomenon that requires a combined approach for its analysis. Whereas data on measured levels of contaminants in various environmental compartments is essential, it is not always possible to monitor at the necessary frequency and with the adequate spatial sampling distribution to capture this variability. Therefore a modelling approach able to complement experimental data and close the gaps in the monitoring programs is useful for assessing the contaminant dynamics occurring at different time scales. In this work a 1D water column fate model has been developed and tested for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The model has been coupled with a simple ecological model that includes a bioaccumulation module. Afterwards, the model has been used to study the temporal variability of contaminant concentrations as well as the fluxes between compartments. The results evidence the complex coupling between spatio-temporal scales and its influence on environmental concentration levels.     

准噶尔盆地东部棕尾鵟繁殖生态学研究

2005年4月至6月,在新疆准噶尔盆地东部地区对棕尾鵟的繁殖生物学进行了研究.通过对棕尾鵟(Buteo rufinus)10个巢的观察,发现巢体大多在山体阴面.对棕尾鵟的26枚卵进行测量,长径是56.24 mm±2.58 mm,短径是43.10 mm±0.93 mm.通过对亲鸟孵卵及育雏情况的观察,此地区棕尾鵟的窝卵数2～4枚,孵化率是0.433,幼鸟成活率为0.692,棕尾鵟繁殖力为0.499.在研究中发现,巢内的毛皮、布片、塑料袋等铺垫物由于被风吹起盖住卵而导致亲鸟弃巢的现象严重.10只卵由于巢内铺垫物的覆盖而导致孵化失败.     

Modelling the-long-range transport of air pollutants with atmospheric boundary layer chemistry

An improvement of long-range air pollution transport and diffusion model which includes planetary boundary layer (PBL) dynamics and chemistry of SO₂ and NO_x, the processes of dry and wet deposition has been developed and used in the Southeast Europe. The transport and diffusion process are described on the basis of a combination of the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches. A similarity theory is used for calculation of the PBL characteristics. A known linear chemistry module which includes 5 nitrogen and 2 sulphate species is incorporated. The model results for the region of Southeast Europe are in good agreement with the Meteorological Synthesizing Center West, Oslo information.