滇东南弗拉斯期放射虫硅质岩地球化学特征及沉积环境探讨

在滇东南麻栗坡地区广泛分布的榴江组薄层状硅质岩中.发现包含放射虫动物群Helenifor robustum和Heleniore laticlavium的重要分子,地质时代为晚泥盆世弗拉斯早期.硅质岩SiO2含量在80.2%-95.72%之间,Al2O3含量集中在0.32%-3.83%之间,平均为2.07%,Si/Al值...     

台风“利奇马”登陆前后雨带强度与结构变化特征分析

利用GPM卫星3-IMERGM产品、NCEP/NCAR逐6 h水平分辨率0. 25°×0. 25°的再分析资料和后向追踪轨迹模拟技术,对"利奇马"登陆前后降水结构特征及雨带强度变化成因展开分析。研究发现:登陆前强雨带非对称分布与垂直风切变作用密切相关;临近登陆风切减弱,强雨区趋向环流向岸侧。轴对称环状降水率先后出现收缩和扩展,雨带强度经历两增两减变化。其中登陆前雨带增强发生在南亚高压和副热带高压加强、垂直风切持续减弱的有利环境背景下;浙闽沿海离岸风和中心西侧次级环流形成促进了对流雨带发展;"罗莎"台风外围北侧偏东气流为雨带提供有利水汽输送。登陆时刻雨强减弱发生在南压高压、副热带高压及"罗莎"北侧偏东风减弱背景下。雨强变化与水汽通量散度呈正相关,与垂直风切变呈反相关,整层可降水量增大相对降水率峰值有6 h左右提前量。     

More evidence that the Chicxulub impact predates the K/T mass extinction

Abstract Yaxcopoil‐1 (Yax‐1), drilled within the Chicxulub crater, was expected to yield the final proof that this impact occurred precisely 65 Myr ago and caused the mass extinction at the Cretaceous‐Tertiary (K/T) boundary. Instead, contrary evidence was discovered based on five independent proxies (sedimentologic, biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic, stable isotopic, and iridium) that revealed that the Chicxulub impact predates the K/T boundary by about 300,000 years and could not have caused the mass extinction. This is demonstrated by the presence of five bioturbated glauconite layers and planktic foraminiferal assemblages of the latest Maastrichtian zone CF1 and is corroborated by magnetostratigraphic chron 29r and characteristic late Maastrichtian stable isotope signals. These results were first presented in Keller et al. (2004). In this study, we present more detailed evidence of the presence of late Maastrichtian planktic foraminifera, sedimentologic, and mineralogic analyses that demonstrate that the Chicxulub impact breccia predates the K/T boundary and that the sediments between the breccia and the K/T boundary were deposited in a normal marine environment during the last 300,000 years of the Cretaceous.     

中国省际粮食贸易及其虚拟耕地流动模拟

模拟核算中国省际2010-2012年平均粮食贸易隐含的虚拟耕地资源流动量,并从资源利用角度分析粮食交易的合理性,为粮食贸易的优化提供理论依据。在各省粮食供需数据的基础上,利用线性优化,模拟省际粮食贸易。中国省际粮食贸易的虚拟耕地资源流动量达1747.4×10⁴ hm²,东北、华北及长江中下游地区为主要的虚拟耕地资源调出区,华南及西南地区是主要的调入区。分别从生产者及消费者的角度核算虚拟耕地资源流动量,前者比后者多出近250×10⁴ hm²。研究表明,中国省际粮食贸易隐含的虚拟耕地资源流动在一定程度上缓解了区域耕地资源不平衡,然而对于某些种植效率高的地区来说,粮食输入贸易流却带来了总体耕地资源消耗的增加。     

Measurement and interpretation of connectivity of Chinese cities in world city network, 2010

This is an empirical paper that measures and interprets the position of Chinese cities in the world city network in 2010. Building on a specification of the world city network as a′interlocking network′in which business services firms play the crucial role in city network formation, information is gathered about the presence of global service firms in cities. This information is converted into data to provide the′service value′of a city for a firm′s provision of corporate services in a 526(cities)×175(firms) matrix. These data are then used as the input to the interlocking network model in order to measure cities′connectivity and its predominant geographical orientation. Here we focus on the position of some key Chinese cities in this regard, and discuss and interpret results in the context of the urban dimensions of the′opening up′of the Chinese economy.     

三维任意各向异性介质中海洋可控源电磁法正演研究

由于海底介质受沉积环境的影响,层理发育呈现明显各向异性特征.对于海洋可控源电磁法各向异性的研究以往主要局限于一维和二维模型,为更深入了解复杂情况下海底各向异性对海洋可控源电磁响应的影响规律,本文开展三维任意各向异性介质中海洋可控源电磁法正演研究.采用交错网格有限差分技术,通过对任意各向异性介质电导率张量实行体积和空间电流密度平均,完成海洋可控源电磁二次散射电场的离散化,成功实现任意各向异性介质中海洋可控源电磁正演模拟.通过对几种典型各向异性电性模型条件下海洋电磁电场多分量响应及分布特征和各向同性情况的对比分析,总结电各向异性对海洋电磁响应的影响规律和识别方法.本文算法研究及算例可为海洋可控源电磁数据精细化处理解释提供技术支撑.     

全球多分辨率数据模型的构建与快速显示

在总结并分析国内外已有的多种全球数据浏览和显示系统的基础上,采用了全球空间四叉树模型与“视点相关”的处理方式,并将多线程理论有效地应用到超大数据的管理与显示中,建立了合理的多线程访问机制,利用金字塔瓦片数据集管理影像与DEM数据,实现了局域网内的分布存储与分发,并开发了全球海量数据管理客户端实验系统GlobalView。     

资源环境综合科学调查多级格网系统的设计

地理格网系统借助特定方法将地球表面均匀剖分,形成无缝无叠的多分辨率格网层次结构。它既是一个空间框架,又是地理特征表达的一种模型。本文结合资源环境综合科学考察数据管理与共享的需求,深入分析了“地理格网”国家标准,指出其在多分辨率应用中存在孔径过大且不一致的问题。鉴此,将度与分、分与秒之间的进制在逻辑上由六十扩展为六十四,进而实现严格的四叉树剖分,直至秒级以下更高分辨率格网采用2的负指数幂表示。根据剖分特点,设计了兼容国标的编码扩展方案。在此基础上开发了多级格网生成与管理原型系统,通过资源环境综合科学调查数据三维实时浏览实验,验证了格网剖分编码方案的可行性和正确性。     

Palaeo‐climate controlled diagenesis of the Westphalian C & D fluvial sandstones in the Campine Basin (north‐east Belgium)

The Westphalian C and D fluvial sandstones in the Campine Basin (north‐east Belgium) are potential reservoirs for the sequestration of CO₂ and interesting analogues of the hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Southern North Sea. Although these sandstones were deposited in a relatively short period of time, their reservoir properties and mineralogical compositions are very different. A petrographic study complemented with stable isotope analyses, fluid inclusion microthermometry and X‐ray diffraction analyses of the clay fractions of the sandstones, which were sampled from deep boreholes (>1000 m) in the Campine Basin, revealed that these differences are related mainly to the climate at the time of deposition. The most important eogenetic processes affecting the Westphalian sandstones were the generation of a pseudomatrix by physical compaction of Al‐silicates and lithic fragments that were strongly altered by extensive meteoric leaching, kaolinitization of unstable silicates and precipitation of siderite. These processes had a detrimental influence on the reservoir properties of Westphalian C sandstones, but their impact on the Westphalian D sandstones was minimal. The difference is assumed to be related to the climate at the time of deposition, which changed from tropical humid in the Westphalian C to semi‐arid/arid during the Late Westphalian D. Both the Westphalian C and D sandstones were affected by similar mesogenetic processes. Mesogenetic quartz cementation resulted from chemical compaction and illitization of kaolinite, K‐feldspar and smectitic clays. Illitization of kaolinite was controlled by the available quantities of co‐existing kaolinite and K‐feldspar and mainly affected the Westphalian D sandstones. Illitization of K‐feldspar was controlled by the K‐feldspar content. It had a much larger impact on the reservoir properties of the Westphalian D as, in these sandstones, K‐feldspar was less affected by eogenetic alteration. The illitization of smectitic clays resulted in illite, quartz and ankerite cementation in both reservoirs. This process had a more important impact on the Westphalian C reservoir, since cementation here also resulted from smectite to illite conversion in the interbedded and underlying shales. The effect of mesogenetic alterations on the reservoir properties was much less drastic than the impact of eodiagenesis. Mesogenetic alterations do exert a significant control on the properties of the Westphalian D. The vast impact of eodiagenesis on the Westphalian C sandstones made them less susceptible to mesogenetic alteration. The effect of telogenetic processes on the porosity and permeability of the Westphalian sandstones was small and restricted to the top reservoir intervals that directly underlie the Cimmerian Unconformity. No significant telogenetic alterations related to the Variscan Unconformity were observed.     

基于skyline的城市地下三维管线建立研究

传统二维管线系统难以直观地反映各管线之间的立体空间位置关系。旧管线更新、新管线规划、管线设计施工、土建工程的破土动工等都需要准确掌握地下管线的现状信息,如果盲目开挖就可能引起自来水管爆裂、煤气泄露、停电、通信信号中断等事故。以地下管线为研究对象,以skyline为平台,C#为开发语言建立城市三维管网系统,在地下错综复杂的条件下,展现各管线之间以及管线与周边地物之间的空间位置关系,实现管线的查询和分析功能,有利于决策者做出更好的决定。