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891.
Spatial spillover and the factors influencing public service supply in Sichuan province,China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This article examines the spatial characteristics of public service supply and the factors influencing such supply in cities of Sichuan Province, China using spatial-autocorrelation and spatial econometric models with statistical data in 2012. The results demonstrate that expenditures on different types of public services present different spatial autocorrelation patterns. Although the spatial differences in basic public service expenditures are relatively small, a clear fan-shaped spillover to the east can be seen in Chengdu City. Chengdu also shows high clustering of advanced public service expenditures, being a typical core-periphery pattern. Post-earthquake reconstruction expenditures are clustered in the "5.12 Wenchuan earthquake" region and spill over toward cities to the east. The efficiency of public services in the mountainous areas in western Sichuan is low and exhibits a pattern of low-low spatial autocorrelation. The efficiency of public service supply is affected by economic, social, political and geographical factors. Based on the results of this analysis, we recommend a supply strategy that incorporates different types of public services and a specialized public service supply strategy for mountainous areas. Overall public service efficiency should be enhanced by focusing on narrowing the gap in farmers' income among regions and accelerating urbanization. Decision-makers should consider moresupportive policies with regard to providing basic public services in mountainous areas to ensure an equalized supply of basic public services. To enhance the efficiency of advanced public service supply, additional growth pole should be encouraged and incentivized; however, investments are required to drive the development of the peripheral regions through regional economic integration. Both software and hardware types of infrastructure are required to supply services efficiently during post-disaster reconstruction. 相似文献
892.
893.
针对气象信息网络常规运行监控业务需要,结合气象信息共享系统(China Integrated Meteorological Information Service System,简称CIMISS)的运维实际,设计开发了基于CIMISS的气象数据处理时效监视系统,实现了对13类上行气象观测数据处理主要的节点时效、自动站疑误数据处理、数据访问服务性能的实时监控,并可为部分气象观测设备的运维保障提供参考指引。文中从系统结构与数据流程、主要业务功能、技术实现等方面对系统的实现方式等进行了介绍。 相似文献
894.
测绘成果档案是各级测绘部门在测绘工作中形成的具有保存价值的基础测绘成果,成果管理工作具有非常重要的意义。随着现代科学技术的发展,电子数据逐步被数字测绘成果所取代,因此对测绘成果档案的管理提出了新的要求。目前测绘成果档案管理存在诸多问题。本文在分析这些问题的基础上提出当前测绘成果档案工作管理对策。 相似文献
895.
台风眼壁的云结构与降水形成机制分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
使用带有详细微物理过程的ARPS模式,对台风韦帕(Wipha)进行三重嵌套细网格模拟,利用模式结果,对台风眼壁强降水中心的云结构和降水形成机制进行分析,结果表明:冰相微物理过程是启动和形成台风眼壁暴雨的主要降水形成机制。在9000~14000 m高空,云水在很低的温度下经均质核化产生冰晶,或经非均质核化形成云冰;冰晶通过凝华增长(psfi,贝吉龙过程)、雨水收集云冰产生雪(praci)和冰晶粘附雨水成雪(piacr)过程生长为雪;霰产生主要包括4个过程:冰晶接触雨水使其成霰(piacr)、雪撞冻云水使其成霰(psacr)、雨水收集云冰转化成霰(praci)或雨水冻结为霰(pgfr);霰粒子通过收集云冰干增长(dgaci),霰撞冻云滴增长(dgacw)等过程生长;霰融化(pgmlt)和雪融化(psmlt)成雨水后再通过碰并云水等暖云生长过程,最后形成雨水。霰过程的强弱在雨水形成机制中很重要。(29.5°N、121.8°E)和(28.3°N、120.4°E)强降水中心冰晶转化率没有太大差别,但是(29.5°N、121.8°E)强降水中心上空冰晶通过贝吉龙过程快速成长为雪和霰,霰粒子增长过程远远强于(28.3°N、120.4°E)强降水中心,低空又有较高的云水转化率,使降水粒子在暖云中继续快速生长,冷暖云过程的有利配置使(29.5°N、121.8°E)出现较强雨水转化率。 相似文献
896.
897.
Under barometric pressure,groundwater flow in well-aquifer systems is a kind of hydro-mechanical coupling problem.Applying the flux boundary conditions on borehole wall and water pressure equilibrium conditions inside and outside the borehole wall under barometric pressure(BP),an analytic solution to well-water level changes has been proposed in this paper.The formulation shows that the BP coefficients increase with time and tend to BP constant.The Change of BP coefficients over time depends only on the ratio of transmissivity(T) to the well radius squared(r2w),and has nothing to do with the change in BP.The BP constant only relates to aquifer loading efficiency(B),and has nothing to do with the aquifer transmissivity and well radius.The BP coefficients change over time in the analytic formulation is consistent with the analysis of measured data from the Nanxi wells.Based on the BP coefficient changes over time,a parameter estimation method is suggested and discussed in its application to the estimation of the aquifer BP constant(or B) and transmissivity by using the Nanxi well data. 相似文献
898.
Jianliang Deng Hiroshi Kameya Yukika Miyashita Jiro Kuwano Reiko Kuwano Junichi Koseki 《Engineering Geology》2011,123(4):302
Among the extensive failed slopes in the 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu Earthquake, Japan, a dip slope at Yokowatashi, Ojiya, was investigated intensively. The sliding plane was along a weak thin tuff sandy layer which had been deeply weathered. Triaxial compression tests and plane strain compression tests were performed on undisturbed specimens obtained by block sampling and boring sampling to evaluate the strength that was mobilized on the sliding plane. Stability analysis based on the test results reveals that, at normal time, without earthquake and without an extremely high groundwater level, the slope is stable. Furthermore, the calculation of earthquake-induced displacement provides a reasonable simulation of the failure of this slope. 相似文献
899.
Deng Liu Michael E. Bishop Abinash Agrawal Dennis D. Eberl 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2011,75(4):1057-60
Clay minerals and methanogens are ubiquitous and co-exist in anoxic environments, yet it is unclear whether methanogens are able to reduce structural Fe(III) in clay minerals. In this study, the ability of methanogen Methanosarcina barkeri to reduce structural Fe(III) in iron-rich smectite (nontronite NAu-2) and the relationship between iron reduction and methanogenesis were investigated. Bioreduction experiments were conducted in growth medium using three types of substrate: H2/CO2, methanol, and acetate. Time course methane production and hydrogen consumption were measured by gas chromatography. M. barkeri was able to reduce structural Fe(III) in NAu-2 with H2/CO2 and methanol as substrate, but not with acetate. The extent of bioreduction, as measured by the 1,10-phenanthroline method, was 7-13% with H2/CO2 as substrate, depending on nontronite concentration (5-10 g/L). The extent was higher when methanol was used as a substrate, reaching 25-33%. Methanogenesis was inhibited by Fe(III) reduction in the H2/CO2 culture, but enhanced when methanol was used. High charge smectite and biogenic silica formed as a result of bioreduction. Our results suggest that methanogens may play an important role in biogeochemical cycling of iron in clay minerals and may have important implications for the global methane budget. 相似文献
900.
John Gibson Xiangzheng Deng Geua Boe-Gibson Scott Rozelle Jikun Huang 《GeoJournal》2011,76(3):245-255
In this paper we have two objectives—one empirical; one methodological. Although China’s leaders are beginning to pay attention
to health care in rural China, there are still concerns about access to health services. To examine this issue, we use measures
of travel distances to health services to examine the nature of coverage in Shaanxi Province, our case study. The mean distance
by road to the nearest health center is still more than 6 km. When we use thresholds for access of 5 and 10 km we find that
more than 40 (15) percent of the rural population lives outside of these 5 (10) kilometer service areas for health centers.
The nature of the access differs by geographical region and demographic composition of the household. The methodological contribution
of our paper originates from a key feature of our analysis in which we use Geographic Information System (GIS) network analysis
methods to measure traveling distance along the road network. We compare these measures to straight-line distance measures.
Road distances (produced by network analysis) produce measures (using means) that are nearly twice as great as straight-line
distances. Moreover, the errors in the measures (that is, the difference between road distances and straight-line distances)
are not random. Therefore, traditional econometric methods of ameliorating the effects of measurement errors, such as instrument
variables regression, will not produce consistent results when used with straight-line distances. 相似文献