贵州龙里地区早石炭世杜内期铝土矿微地貌及其对铝土矿的控制作用*

贵州龙里地区发育早石炭世杜内期“丰源层”铝土矿。通过收集龙里地区地质钻孔资料,结合实测剖面和踏勘地质点资料,统计含铝岩系厚度、矿体厚度、品位、铝硅比数据,利用Surfer⁸.0成图软件,采用微地貌编图的方法,还原早石炭世杜内期含铝岩系古地貌,发现本区古喀斯特岩溶洼地2处,丰源层铝土矿产于水场—比孟—草原—高坡一带的古喀斯特岩溶洼地中。微地貌进一步研究表明,品位较高的碎屑状、豆鲕状铝土矿位于古喀斯特岩溶洼地的中心部位,品位较低的致密状铝土矿则分布于其中心和边缘。本区古地理研究表明,龙里地区早石炭世杜内期丰源层铝土矿的含矿岩系形成环境为海陆交互相,由北至南依次为发育陆相、古喀斯特岩溶洼地相和海相,古喀斯特岩溶洼相为丰源层铝土矿的形成提供了有利的沉积就位场所。     

河北大白阳金矿床黄铁矿微量元素及S-Pb同位素地球化学特征

大白阳金矿床位于华北克拉通北缘张家口地区,为一中型金矿床。矿床产于太古宇桑干群化家营组和涧沟河组变质地层中,受区内断裂和褶皱控制,金矿脉总体走向北北西。矿石类型为含金石英脉型和蚀变岩型,矿石矿物主要为磁铁矿、赤铁矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿、自然金、银金矿及少量碲化物。矿床的成矿期可划分为4个成矿阶段,分别为石英-钾长石阶段、石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英-多硫化物阶段和石英-碳酸盐-硫酸盐阶段。矿床硫化物的δ³⁴S_V-CDT为-16.2‰~-10.5‰,为高氧逸度成矿流体所致;Pb同位素组成²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=16.762~17.293、²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=15.350~15.463、²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=36.777~37.328,与区内岩浆岩Pb同位素组成一致。黄铁矿微量元素低,主要赋存于黄铁矿晶格中。黄铁矿中低的Co、Ni质量分数表明,黄铁矿从岩浆流体中沉淀。桑干群斜长角闪岩在蚀变过程中为流体提供部分成矿物质,为矿源层之一。大白阳金矿床属于与岩浆有关的热液矿床,其形成经历了泥盆纪金的初始矿化和侏罗纪-白垩纪的叠加成矿,由此也导致了张宣地区大量金矿床的出现。     

1961—2016年中国昼夜降水变化的时空格局

全球气候变暖背景下中国降水量变化的区域差异显著。基于1961—2016年期间,全国763个观测台站白昼和夜间的降水观测数据,分别从昼夜降水量、降水日数、降水强度以及对总降水量的贡献率等四个方面,解读中国九大流域昼夜降水变化的时空格局。结果表明：① 昼夜降水量变化的流域差异显著,可归纳为四种类型：昼夜同增型、昼夜同减型、昼增夜减型和昼减夜增型。② 流域总降水量变化与昼夜降水量密切相关。淮河流域降水量减少是由白昼降水量（-0.72 mm/a）减少所致,而黄河流域降水量减少则是由夜间降水量（-0.21 mm/a）减少所致。③ 干旱区、半干旱区及半湿润区的流域,昼夜大雨的雨量要高于昼夜暴雨;湿润区的流域,则表现为昼夜暴雨的雨量要高于昼夜大雨,尤其是珠江流域和东南诸河流域。④ 从全国尺度来看,白昼大雨、夜间大雨和暴雨对总降水量的贡献率超过10%,而白昼暴雨的贡献率约10%。湿润区流域昼夜暴雨对总降水量的贡献率高于昼夜大雨对总降水量的贡献率,而干旱区-半干旱区流域则相反。研究结果有助于深化认识全球变暖对区域日降水循环的影响。     

基于LGCP的城市管理事件空间点模式分析

数字化城管系统累积了大量城管事件历史数据,充分挖掘事件背后的空间分布模式和事件成因机制能够为城管部门的管控工作提供决策支持。论文利用Log Gaussian Cox Processes(LGCP)模型分析了西北某地H市P区的街面秩序类、市容环境类和宣传广告类城管事件之间的空间分布差异和事件成因影响差异。研究发现：① 3类城管事件都呈现出明显的空间聚集,其空间聚集尺度最远不超过924 m;② 各类事件聚集的特征各不相同,街面秩序类贴近城区主要干道,呈路网状。市容环境类表现出在城区中心块状聚集,周边地区零星分散的特征。宣传广告类靠近交通干线呈长条状,靠近商业中区域呈块状分布;③ 城区内不同类别的POI对城管事件的影响大小不同。购物服务类、医疗保健类和居民住宅类表现出最显著的影响,说明特定区域内人群的流量和密度是影响城管事件分布的重要因素,人群的流动和聚集会加剧城管事件数量的增加。研究结果能够满足城管部门的城管事件空间分布热点识别以及事件成因分析的需求。     

Carbon isotopes and lignin phenols for tracing the floods during the past 70 years in the middle reach of the Changjiang River

The Lake Tian E Zhou(TEZ,an oxbow lake)was formed during the rerouting of the Changjiang River in 1972,with strong influences from the main river channel and flood events.Herein,a sediment core was collected from the Lake TEZ for the measurements of carbon isotopes and biomarkers,including stable carbon isotopes(δ13C),radiocarbon composition(?14C),and lignin phenols,as well as lead-210 to reconstruct recent heavy flood events over the past 70 years.At the 24–26 cm interval,the sediment contained the highest OC%,TN%,and lignin phenols content,as well as significantly depleted 13C but enriched 14C,corresponding to the extreme flood event in 1998.In addition,statistics from t-test showed that lignin phenols normalized to OC(Λ8),the concentration of 3,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid(3,5-BD),and the ratio of p-hydroxy benzophenone to total hydroxyl phenols(PHB/HP)were all significantly different between the layers containing flood deposits and the layers deposited under normal non-flood conditions(p<0.05).These results indicate that the later three parameters are highly related to flood events and can be used as compelling proxies,along with sediment chronology,for hydrological changes and storm/flood events in the river basin and coastal marine environments.     

火灾烟颗粒分形模型和球形模型光散射的比较研究

对烟颗粒的光散射进行模拟计算是研究火灾烟颗粒光散射特性的重要手段,目前对于火灾烟颗粒光散射的数值计算多采用球形或椭球模型.实际上,火灾烟颗粒的形貌与球形和椭球均存在着显著差异.扫描电子显微镜图像表明,烟颗粒具有近似分形的结构.本文利用离散偶极近似方法计算了随机取向的火灾烟颗粒分形凝团以及同体积的球形颗粒的光散射Muller矩阵,并对两者的归一化Muller矩阵元素随散射角的分布进行了比较.研究表明:火灾烟颗粒分形模型和球形模型的归一化矩阵元素F₁₁(θ)/F_{11相似文献}   

双层钙钛矿La1.8 Ca1.2 Mn2 O7 磁性相关I-V非线性与电输运性质

采用传统固相反应法制备了双层钙钛矿结构锰氧化物La_1.8Ca_1.2Mn₂O₇陶瓷,并用X射线粉末衍射法,扫描电镜,HL5500PC Hall效应分析仪和综合物性测量系统(PPMS)对其磁、电性质进行了表征.结果表明:经过两次高温烧结可合成具有双层Sr₃Ti₂O₇型四方结构的La_1.8Ca_1.2Mn_2<     

Time-domain analysis of second-harmonic generation of primary Lamb wave propagation in an elastic plate

Within the second-order perturbation approximation, this paper investigates the physical process of generation of the time-domain second harmonic by a primary Lamb wave waveform in an elastic plate. The present work is performed based on the preconditions that the phase velocity matching is satisfied and that the transfer of energy from the primary Lamb wave to the double frequency Lamb wave is not zero. It investigates the influences of the difference between the group velocities of the primary Lamb wave and the double frequency Lamb wave, the propagation distance and the duration of the primary Lamb wave waveform on the envelope shape of the time-domain second harmonic. It finds that the maximum magnitude of the envelope of the second-harmonic waveform can grow within some propagation distance even if the condition of group velocity matching is not satisfied. Our analyses also indicate that the maximum magnitude of the envelope of the second-harmonic waveform is kept constant beyond a specific propagation distance. Furthermore, it concludes that the integration amplitude of the time-domain second-harmonic waveform always grows with propagation distance within the second-order perturbation. The present research yields new physical insight not previously available into the effect of generation of the time-domain second harmonic by propagation of a primary Lamb wave waveform.     

基于ArcGISEngine的符号化研究与实现

介绍基于ArcGIS平台的符号库建立方法,然后利用ArcGISEngine二次开发平台用三种编程方法实现地图的符号化并对三种符号化方法进行比较,对采用ArcGISEngine进行地理信息系统开发具有一定的参考价值。